NEW INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF ALSTROEMERIA OBTAINED THROUGH IN VITRO EMBRYO-RESCUE

Abstract Embryo rescue in wide crosses in Arachis has only been achieved from culturing ovules excised from well developed pods, or from immature pods derived from flowers treated with gibberellic acid (GA) and which had embryos large enough to dissect without injury. The objective of this study was to determine whether reproductive tissues could grow in vitro without the need to dissect them from the peg tip and to determine the effects of GA application on flowers at the time of pollination, age of peg when cultured, and the presence of the peg meristem on reproductive growth, callus production, and peg elongation in vitro. Pegs elongated in culture only when the peg meristem was not removed. Ovules enlarged and grew out of the surrounding peg tissue in 3.8 to 32.8% of the cultures. Significantly more ovules grew when the peg meristem was removed (p < 0.01) and when 10- and 20- day-old pegs were cultured (p < 0.05). Overall, the most successful treatment for growth of ovules was treating flowers with GA at pollination and culturing without the peg meristem 10 days after pollination when 25.0 and 32.8% of all hybrid and selfed ovules, respectively, grew. Embryo growth was observed in an average of 8.4 and 17.6% of embryo sacs in hybrid and self peg tips, respectively, with several embryos reaching the globular stage after 21 days in vitro. This illustrates the potential for culturing young reproductive tissues of Arachis to recover interspecific hybrids.

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In vitro embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis)

Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity ◽

10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v2n2.alves ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sergio Augusto Oliveira Alves ◽

Oriel Filgueira de Lemos ◽

Benedito Gomes dos Santos Filho ◽

André Luís Lopes da Silva

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Elaeis Oleifera

The oil palm (Elaeis guineennsis Jacq.) is the plant with major oil yield in tropical areas over the world. Pará state is the major producer of Brazil. However, the production of resistant hybrids (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guinennsis) to several diseases is necessary, in spite of less productive, is a viable alternative for areas where occur more aggressive diseases. The aim of this research was to rescue in vitro embryos of four varieties of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis) in different media. Four varieties were tested: (1) Cj-2141; (2) CI-2061; (3) Cj-502 and (4) Cj-494. Four media were tested: (T1) half strength MS medium (½ MS), (T2) MS, (T3) MS + 0.5mg L-1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and (T4) ½ MS+ 0.5mg.L-1 NAA and BAP. All media were supplemented with 0.17g.L-1 NaH2PO4, activated charcoal (0.25%), sucrose (3%) and solidified with phytagel (0.2%). The most germination rate of interspecific hybrids embryos was obtained on ½ MS medium, supplemented with 0.17g.L-1 NaH2PO4, activated charcoal (0.25%), sucrose (3%) and solidified with phytagel (0.2%). The variety CI-2061 presents the best capacity to develop normal seedlings.

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Embryo Culture and Embryo Rescue in Brassica

10.5772/intechopen.96058 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Akmal

Keyword(s):

Embryo Culture ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Zygotic Embryo ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Reproductive Barriers ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Embryo Regeneration

Somatic embryogenesis is the best demonstration of totipotency in higher plants in which somatic cell produce whole plant like zygotic embryo. It is also demonstrated that immature, weak, hybrid or sometimes inviable embryos can be saved through in vitro culture to prevents its degradation. It may help to cross the reproductive barriers when interspecific hybrids developed. Brasssica is an economically valuable oil yielding and vegetable crop and India is the largest producer of oil seed rape in the world. Various factors affect the embryo rescue in Brassica like growth stage of the embryos, types and composition of the rescue medium etc. The embryo regeneration potential can improve through the modification of culture conditions in both zygotic as well as somatic embryo. Except the embryo culture other parts like ovule, ovary culture can also be done to developed interspecific hybrids. This chapter is focused on the embryo rescue techniques in the genus Brassica and summarizes possible ways of improving the technique used.

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In vitro embryo rescue and plant regeneration following self-pollination with irradiated pollen in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.5897/ajb2015.14577 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (27) ◽

pp. 2191-2201

Author(s):

Buttibwa Mary ◽

S Kawuki Robert ◽

K Tugume Arthur ◽

Akol Jacinta ◽

Magambo Stephen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Regeneration ◽

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Irradiated Pollen ◽

Self Pollination

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Adaptability and leaf anatomical features in oil palm seedlings produced by embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds

Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1590/s1677-04202010000300008 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 209-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Zanderluce G. Luis ◽

Kadja Milena G. Bezerra ◽

Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Epidermal Cells ◽

In Vitro Cultivation ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Anatomical Plasticity ◽

Germinated Seeds

Changes in the leaf structure of plants grown in different conditions have been reported, such as increase in size and density of stomata and reduction in stomatal control, amount of epicuticular wax, and mesophyll thickness, with a high diversity of intercellular spaces. However, these changes are highly variable depending on the physiological and morphological characteristics of each species. The objective of this work was to analyze the adaptability and anatomical plasticity of oil palm seedlings produced after embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds. Expanded leaves were prepared for evaluation of morphometric data and anatomical structures. It was verified that the environmental conditions in vitro negatively influenced the stomata density, epidermal and hypodermal thickness, and the values for the expansion cells and leaf mesophile. Anatomically, the oil palm leaves present the same tissues composition in both growth conditions, with uniseriate epidermal cells, and tetracitic stomata occurring in both epidermal surfaces. Epidermal cells from in vitro plants are thinner than ones from greenhouse. The midrib of leaves from greenhouse plants are more developed and is composed by only one central vascular bundle, while plants from in vitro cultivation developed three to four collateral vascular bundles.

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