RESISTANCE OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS TO FIRE BLIGHT CAUSED BY ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

2004 ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. Barritt ◽  
B.S. Konishi ◽  
M.A. Dilley ◽  
L. Pusey
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Apple Rootstocks

scholarly journals Fire Blight Resistance of Budagovsky 9 Apple Rootstock

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Russo ◽  
Terence L. Robinson ◽  
Gennaro Fazio ◽  
Herb S. Aldwinckle
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Multiple Trials ◽  
High Level

Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight, can cause a fatal infection of apple rootstocks known as rootstock blight. Budagovsky 9 (B.9) apple rootstock is reported to be highly susceptible when inoculated with E. amylovora, although results from multiple trials showed that B.9 is resistant to rootstock blight infection in field plantings. Conflicting results could stem from genetic variation in the B.9 population, appearing as phenotypic differences in rootstock material. However, genetic testing, using 23 microsatellite loci, confirmed the clonal uniformity of B.9 in commerce. Variation in growth habit between B.9 rootstocks originating from two nurseries also has been discounted as a source of disease resistance. Instead, results indicate a possible novel resistance phenotype in B.9 rootstock. B.9 rootstock was susceptible to leaf inoculation by E. amylovora, statistically similar to the susceptible rootstock Malling 9 (M.9). Conversely, inoculation assays targeting woody 4- to 5-year-old tissue revealed a high level of resistance in B.9, whereas M.9 remained susceptible. Although the mechanism by which B.9 gains resistance to E. amylovora is unknown, it is reminiscent of age-related resistance, due to an observed gain of resistance in woody rootstock tissue over succulent shoot tissue. Durable fire blight resistance correlated with tissue development could be a valuable tool for rootstock breeders.

scholarly journals Testing the virulence of some Hungarian Erwinia amylovora strains on in vitro cultured apple rootstocks

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hevesi ◽  
J. Papp ◽  
E. Jámbor-Benczúr ◽  
K. Kaszáné Csizmár ◽  
I. Pozsgai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Different Strains

A useful method was improved to test and to evaluate the susceptibility of plants to fire blight and the virulence of E. amylovora strains. Six Hungarian strains from different host plants were tested on in vitro cultured apple rootstocks. Disease rating was used for the characterization of the process of disease development. The different strains had different capacity to cause disease, mainly in the first period of incubation. There were significant differences between the virulence of the strains.

scholarly journals Survival of Apple Rootstocks to Natural Infections of Fire Blight

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Ferree ◽  
J.C. Schmid ◽  
B.L. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dwarfing Rootstocks

Survival of replicated rootstock plantings of apple trees (Malus ×domestica) to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) infection shows that a wide range of rootstock susceptibility exists. Trees on `Malling 26' (M.26), `Malling 9' (M.9), and `Mark' consistently had significant losses. Of the dwarfing rootstocks widely available commercially, `Budagovsky 9' (B.9) survived well with productive trees, but was not resistant to fire blight infection. The following experimental rootstocks had good survivability with many live productive trees in one or more trials: `Poland 2' (P.2), `Vineland 1' (V.1), `Malling 27 EMLA' (M.27 EMLA), `Budagovsky 491' (B.491), `Budagovsky 409' (B.409), `Vineland 7' (V.7), `Vineland 4' (V.4), and `Oregon Rootstock 1' (OAR1).

RESISTANCE OF APPLE ROOTSTOCKS TO FIRE BLIGHT INFECTION CAUSED BY INTERNAL MOVEMENT OF ERWINIA AMYLOVORA FROM SCION INFECTIONS

2004 ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Aldwinckle ◽  
N. LoGiudice ◽  
T.L. Robinson ◽  
H.T. Holleran ◽  
G. Fazio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Apple Rootstocks

scholarly journals Fire blight host-pathogen interaction: proteome profiles of Erwinia amylovora infecting apple rootstocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Holtappels ◽  
Jean-Paul Noben ◽  
Patrick Van Dijck ◽  
Roland Valcke
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Host Pathogen

scholarly journals Resistance of Geneva and Other Apple Rootstocks to Erwinia amylovora

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Norelli ◽  
H. T. Holleran ◽  
W. C. Johnson ◽  
T. L. Robinson ◽  
H. S. Aldwinckle
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Breeding Selections

When vigorously growing shoots of 49 different apple rootstocks grown in a greenhouse were inoculated with different strains of Erwinia amylovora, Budagovsky 9 (B.9), Ottawa 3, Malling 9, and Malling 26 were the most fire blight susceptible rootstocks and Geneva 11, Geneva 65, Geneva 16, Geneva 30, Pillnitzer Au51-11, Malling 7, and several breeding selections were the most resistant. Significant strain—rootstock interactions were observed in the amount of fire blight that resulted from inoculation. Field-grown fruiting ‘Royal Gala’ trees on Geneva 16 and Geneva 30 rootstocks were highly resistant to rootstock infection (no tree mortality) when trees sustained severe blossom infection with E. amylovora, compared with Malling 9 and Malling 26 rootstock clones, which were highly susceptible to infection (36 to 100% tree mortality). In contrast to potted own-rooted B.9 plants inoculated in a greenhouse, B.9 rootstocks of orchard trees appeared resistant to rootstock infection (0% tree mortality). Orchard trees on Geneva 11 were moderately resistant to rootstock infection (25% tree mortality). There was general agreement in the evaluation of resistance under orchard conditions when rootstock resistance was evaluated in relation to controlled blossom inoculation or to natural blossom infection.

scholarly journals Assessment of fire blight resistance in apple clonal rootstocks using molecular markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
I. N. Shamshin ◽  
M. V. Maslova ◽  
N. V. Drenova ◽  
M. L. Dubrovsky ◽  
O. V. Parusova
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Marker ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Main Components

Background. Clonal apple rootstocks are one of the main components of intensive gardening. The degree of rootstock damage by fire blight affects the resistance of the variety–rootstock combination. The paper presents a study on marking quantitative trait loci (QTL) of resistance to fire blight Erwinia amylovora in clonal apple rootstock.Materials and methods. A collection of 20 rootstock forms was analyzed. For the study, SCAR markers GE-8019, AE10-375 and microsatellite marker CH-F7-FB1 were used.Results. Polymorphism was observed for all three markers, and their various combinations in one genotype were revealed. It was previously noted that genotypes that carry all three markers were more resistant than those that lack them. The presence of all three markers was observed only in forms 62-396 (В10), 16-1 and 2-9-102. The other genotypes did not have the GE8019 marker. The AE10-375 marker was identified in eight clonal rootstocks. Microsatellite marker CH-F7-FB1 was present in all tested rootstocks. However, polymorphism was detected there. Most genotypes had a 174 bp fragment, but a 210 bp fragment was identified in two of the 20 forms. Clonal rootstock 70-20-21 proved heterozygous for this marker. The analyzed collection also included samples that had only the microsatellite marker: G16, Malysh Budagovskogo, Paradizka Budagovskogo (B9), 54-118 (В118), 57-491, 70-20-20 (В119), 70-20-21, 71-7-22, 76-3-6, 83-1-15, 87-7-12, and 2-12-10. The study of rootstock forms on the basis of resistance to metabolites of the fire blight pathogen was carried out under laboratory conditions using the E. amylovora culture filtrate in vitro on leaf explants. Most of the studied genotypes had different combinations of markers. However, the experiments showed that forms 62-396 and 14-1 with two out of three markers (AE10-375 and CH-F7-FB1) phenotypically manifested the trait of resistance to metabolites of E. amylovora. 

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SELECTED APPLE ROOTSTOCKS TO FIRE BLIGHT CAUSED BY ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

2014 ◽  
pp. 493-498
Author(s):  
M. Lewandowski ◽  
P. Sobiczewski ◽  
E. Żurawicz ◽  
A. Mikiciński
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Apple Rootstocks

Fire Blight Susceptibility in Pyrus Germplasm from Eastern Europe

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. van der Zwet ◽  
R.L. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Plant Exploration ◽  
Moderately Resistant

During 1976-1980, three plant exploration trips were made throughout eastern Europe in search of native Pyrus germplasm. A total of 384 accessions (231 from Yugoslavia, 86 from Romania, 43 from Poland, and 12 each from Hungary and Czechoslovakia) were collected as budwood and propagated at the National Plant Germplasm Quarantine Center in Glenn Dale, Md. Following 8 years of exposure to the fire blight bacterium [Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winsl. et al.], 17.49” of the accessions remained uninfected, 11.2% rated resistant, 6.8% moderately resistant, and 64.6% blighted severely (26% to 100% of tree blighted). Some of the superior accessions have been released for use in the pear breeding program.

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