SAP FLOW IN CORK OAK TREES AT TWO CONTRASTING SITES IN PORTUGAL

2009 ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W.T. Schmidt ◽  
D. Schreiber ◽  
A. Correia ◽  
N. Ribeiro ◽  
P. Surový ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sap Flow ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Oak Trees

scholarly journals The European Heat Wave 2018: The Dendroecological Response of Oak and Spruce in Western Germany

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Burkhard Neuwirth ◽  
Inken Rabbel ◽  
Jörg Bendix ◽  
Heye R. Bogena ◽  
Boris Thies
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Heat Response ◽  
Western Germany

The European heat wave of 2018 was characterized by extraordinarily dry and hot spring and summer conditions in many central and northern European countries. The average temperatures from June to August 2018 were the second highest since 1881. Accordingly, many plants, especially trees, were pushed to their physiological limits. However, while the drought and heat response of field crops and younger trees have been well investigated in laboratory experiments, little is known regarding the drought and heat response of mature forest trees. In this study, we compared the response of a coniferous and a deciduous tree species, located in western and central–western Germany, to the extreme environmental conditions during the European heat wave of 2018. Combining classic dendroecological techniques (tree–ring analysis) with measurements of the intra–annual stem expansion (dendrometers) and tree water uptake (sap flow sensors), we found contrasting responses of spruce and oak trees. While spruce trees developed a narrow tree ring in 2018 combined with decreasing correlations of daily sap flow and dendrometer parameters to the climatic parameters, oak trees developed a ring with above–average tree–ring width combined with increasing correlations between the daily climatic parameters and the parameters derived from sap flow and the dendrometer sensors. In conclusion, spruce trees reacted to the 2018 heat wave with the early completion of their growth activities, whereas oaks appeared to intensify their activities based on the water content in their tree stems.

scholarly journals Cork Oak Endophytic Fungi as Potential Biocontrol Agents against Biscogniauxia mediterranea and Diplodia corticola

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Daniela Costa ◽  
Rui M. Tavares ◽  
Paula Baptista ◽  
Teresa Lino-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Dual Plate ◽  
Antagonistic Potential ◽  
Selection Of

An increase in cork oak diseases caused by Biscogniauxia mediterranea and Diplodia corticola has been reported in the last decade. Due to the high socio-economic and ecologic importance of this plant species in the Mediterranean Basin, the search for preventive or treatment measures to control these diseases is an urgent need. Fungal endophytes were recovered from cork oak trees with different disease severity levels, using culture-dependent methods. The results showed a higher number of potential pathogens than beneficial fungi such as cork oak endophytes, even in healthy plants. The antagonist potential of a selection of eight cork oak fungal endophytes was tested against B. mediterranea and D. corticola by dual-plate assays. The tested endophytes were more efficient in inhibiting D. corticola than B. mediterranea growth, but Simplicillium aogashimaense, Fimetariella rabenhorstii, Chaetomium sp. and Alternaria alternata revealed a high potential to inhibit the growth of both. Simplicillium aogashimaense caused macroscopic and microscopic mycelial/hyphal deformations and presented promising results in controlling both phytopathogens’ growth in vitro. The evaluation of the antagonistic potential of non-volatile and volatile compounds also revealed that A. alternata compounds could be further explored for inhibiting both pathogens. These findings provide valuable knowledge that can be further explored in in vivo assays to find a suitable biocontrol agent for these cork oak diseases.

scholarly journals Linking Cork to Cork Oak Landscapes: Mapping the Value Chain of Cork Production in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Holm Sørensen ◽  
Mario Torralba ◽  
Cristina Quintas-Soriano ◽  
José Muñoz-Rojas ◽  
Tobias Plieninger
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Cork Production ◽  
Central Portugal ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Farming Landscapes

Traditional farming landscapes in South and Central Portugal, known as montados, are affected by global socio-economic and biophysical pressures, putting the sustainability of the systems in jeopardy. Cork oak trees (Quercus suber L.) are characteristic features of these complex agro-silvo-pastoral agroforestry systems, delivering a globally important product, cork. The increasingly distant, global scale of decision making and trade can consequently be observed on the local, landscape, scale. In this study, we use a value chain approach to test the concept that landscape products can ensure sustainable management of the landscape of origin. We interviewed agents—cork producers, intermediaries, industrial transformers, and winemakers—about the challenges they perceived in the business and how these were connected to the landscape of origin. We illustrate the network of agents and sub-actors involved in the sector and highlight the most prominent concerns. We conclude that this approach can reveal the major points for determining the future of the montado, and we suggest that collaboration amongst value chain agents can be a pathway to landscape sustainability.

Cork Oak Trees (Quercus suber L.)

2006 ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Álvarez ◽  
Mariano Toribio ◽  
Millán Cortizo ◽  
Ricardo-Javier Ordás Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Oak Trees

A new tetra-segmented splipalmivirus with divided RdRP domains from Cryphonectria naterciae, a fungus found on chestnut and cork oak trees in Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 198606
Author(s):  
Yukiyo Sato ◽  
Sabitree Shahi ◽  
Paul Telengech ◽  
Sakae Hisano ◽  
Carolina Cornejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cork Oak ◽  
Oak Trees

Responses and acclimation of Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Bl.) to metal stress: the inducible antimony tolerance in oak trees

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 11456-11466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiulian Zhao ◽  
Lingyu Zheng ◽  
Xinli Xia ◽  
Weilun Yin ◽  
Jingpin Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cork Oak ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Quercus Variabilis ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Chinese Cork Oak

scholarly journals Factors affecting post-fire regeneration after coppicing of cork oak (Quercus suber) trees in northeastern Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-379
Author(s):  
Salah Eddine Roula ◽  
Rachid T. Bouhraoua ◽  
Filipe X. Catry
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Oak Trees

Wildfires may have serious and long-lasting impacts in Mediterranean Basin oak forests. Although cork oak (Quercus suber L.) is usually considered a highly fire-resistant tree species, post-fire recovery is not guaranteed. We assessed the mortality and regeneration of 729 cork oak trees that burned and were cut in six sites with the objective of identifying the main factors affecting the short- to medium-term post-fire recovery. We used linear mixed models to investigate potential relationships among tree stump status at the end of the second and fifth growing seasons and several tree- and site-level variables. Overall tree mortality in the second year was 44% and was negatively affected by bark thickness and positively affected by root exposure, trunk injuries, and diameter, in decreasing order of importance. Between the second and fifth years, mortality increased to 53%, but this increase was only observed in sites with high grazing pressure. Grazing also had a strong negative impact on the growth of basal resprouts, thereby compromising tree recovery. The results give useful information on the need for application of adequate forest management practices (particularly avoiding debarking injuries, soil erosion, and grazing pressure) to increase the resilience of these ecosystems and reduce the negative economic and ecological impacts of wildfires.

A dendroclimatological approach to diameter growth in adult cork-oak trees under production

Trees ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 438-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Costa ◽  
H. Pereira ◽  
A. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Cork Oak ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Oak Trees

Can behavioural differences inPlatypus cylindrus(Coleoptera: Platypodinae) from Portugal and Tunisia be explained by genetic and morphological traits?

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bellahirech ◽  
M.L. Inácio ◽  
F. Nóbrega ◽  
J. Henriques ◽  
L. Bonifácio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Nucleotide Composition ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Wood Borer

AbstractPlatypus cylindrusis an important wood borer of cork oak trees (Quercus suber) in the Mediterranean region, namely Portugal, Morocco and Algeria where its presence has drastically increased in the past few decades. On the contrary, the insect is not a relevant pest in Tunisia. The aim of this work is to analyze morphological and genetic differences among Tunisian and Portuguese populations in order to understand their role in the diverse population dynamics (e.g., aggressiveness) of the insect. The information could be used as a novel tool to implement protective measures. Insects were collected from cork oak stands in Tunisia (Ain Beya, Babouch and Mzara) and Portugal (Chamusca and Crato). Morphological traits of female and male mycangial pits were determined, using scanning electron microscopy but no significant differences were found. Genetic differences were analyzed using nuclear (internal simple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction) and mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I (COI)) molecular markers. The results showed a very low level of intraspecific polymorphism and genetic diversity. The alignment of COI sequences showed high percentage of identical sites (99%) indicating a very low variation in nucleotide composition. Other variables related with the ecology of the insect and its associated fungi must be studied for a better understanding of the differences in the insect population's dynamic in Mediterranean countries.

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