Research and development in the pharmaceutical sector

India has emerged as a global player for pharmaceuticals. The pharmaceutical revolution of 1970-90 of Indian Pharma Industry had demonstrated that India could be self-sufficient in the manufacture of essential drugs at affordable prices. The turnover of Indian Pharmaceutical is over $30 billion in 2015 including $15 billion in exports. It was a great honor to preside the 67th Indian pharmaceutical congress held in Mysore. The topic of Pharmacists for a Healthy India is close to my heart and being a regulator myself, I feel that the Pharmacy fraternity can play a much larger role in contributing to the healthcare system in India. Pharmacist as such are involved in a big way in the regulation of drugs, be it manufacture, be it sale or research and development. A contribution of the Pharmacists is there at every stage till the drug reaches the consumer safely. For this purpose, the society needs a pool of well qualified and experienced pharmacists, which requires regular updating of their knowledge to keep pace with the developments taking place in the pharmaceutical sector. The advancements in technology and the emerging challenges in the health sector require pharmacists to shoulder the responsibilities towards the utilization of scientific knowledge in the use of modern medicines and the protection of the public against dangers of wrong use of drugs. The Pharmacy Council of India on its part will have to ensure that the courses offered for creating a high technology based are calibrated in such a way that the education and skills developed suit to the requirements of the Pharmaceutical Industry as well as needs to the patients

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Research and development spending and technical efficiency: evidence from biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector

International Journal of Production Research ◽

10.1080/00207543.2019.1671623 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (20) ◽

pp. 6170-6184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kevin Grant ◽

Roman Matousek ◽

Martin Meyer ◽

Nickolaos G. Tzeremes

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Technical Efficiency ◽

Pharmaceutical Sector ◽

Development Spending

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Assessing Efficiency in the Pharmaceutical Sector of Nigeria

Central Bank of Nigeria Journal of Applied Statistics ◽

10.33429/cjas.09218.6/6 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 131-147

Author(s):

Efayena, O. Obukohwo ◽

Enoh H. Olele ◽

Patricia N. Buzugbe

Keyword(s):

Data Envelopment Analysis ◽

Research And Development ◽

Returns To Scale ◽

Data Envelopment ◽

Policy Mix ◽

Pharmaceutical Sector ◽

Pharmaceutical Firms ◽

Constant Returns To Scale ◽

Variable Returns To Scale ◽

Non Parametric

The study analyses, empirically, the efficiency of the Pharmaceutical sector in Nigeria. Employing a balanced panel of 20 pharmaceutical firms between 2012 and 2016, the paper uses a non-parametric technique (Data Envelopment Analysis) to analyze the firms' efficiency under the constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS) assumptions. The results obtained shows inefficiency in the pharmaceutical sector as it operates under a decreasing return to scale. This calls for an appropriate policy mix to stimulate the efficiency of the pharmaceutical sector in Nigeria by enhancing research and development (R&D) as well as regulations within the sector.

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COVID 19: Effect on leading pharmaceutical stocks listed with NSE

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.2014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

Aravind M ◽

Manojkrishnan C G

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Pharmaceutical Companies ◽

Momentum Effect ◽

Pharmaceutical Sector ◽

Crisis Period ◽

Market Capitalization ◽

Brand Reputation ◽

Long Run ◽

Backward Integration

The purpose of this study is to examine how Covid 19 outbreak has affected leading pharmaceutical stocks listed with the National Stock Exchange of India. We have selected ten leading pharmaceutical companies listed with NSE, and the selection was purely based on the market capitalization of the companies. The general hypothecation of this study was the pharmaceutical stocks will move against the general market trend (contrarian effect). The study period was classified in to pre-crisis period and Covid 19 crisis period. The data consists of 123 daily price observations of the selected 10 pharmaceutical companies. The period of study is ranging from 3rd September 2019 to 28th February 2020. The results reported that momentum effect is persisting with pharmaceutical stocks as the pharmaceutical stocks are moving in accordance with the general benchmarking index. Only two companies, namely Aurobindo Pharma Ltd and Lupin Ltd reported with varied return trend during the study period. This study also signifies that companies like Sun Pharma, Cipla, Glenmark with strong brand reputation were seems to be sustaining in the crisis period in spite of the general falling market trend. This paper is strongly urge the need for backward integration and enhanced research and development activities to Indian Pharmaceutical sector for ensuring their sustainable long-run operations.

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Challenges of Pakistani Pharmaceutical Industry: Pakistan Case

International Journal of Experiential Learning & Case Studies ◽

10.22555/ijelcs.v5i2.51 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kazi Afaq Ahmed ◽

Seema Chandani

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Market Share ◽

Treatment Cost ◽

Pharmaceutical Sector ◽

Product Lines ◽

Drug Regulatory Authority ◽

Major Market ◽

Counterfeit Medicine ◽

Study Results ◽

Regulatory Controls

The population of Pakistan is fast growing and the need for supply of medicine will continue to increase. The local pharmaceutical market is growing at a faster pace as compared with the international market. Until 1990, the reliance on the supply of medicine to cater to the national demand was on multinational companies holding major market share. Thereafter, the national pharmaceutical companies started investing to improve the quality of their product lines, employing qualif ied professionals, and ensuring compliance with the global standard of quality and good manufacturing practices. Consequently, national com- panies' market share drastically increased and the national demand for medicine is locally produced. The study results based on interviews of key stakeholders and available literature revealed that the local pharmaceutical sector is facing critical challenges of counterfeit medicine, pricing controversies, affordability of the medicine, lack of Research and Development (R&D) initiatives, and unethical marketing (bribing/cash incentives to the doctors). The Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP) seems ineffective to overcome these challenges, eliminate counterfeit medicines, and take measures to curb the unethical marketing practices that are risking patient life, health, and treatment cost. The study further explored that unethical marketing practices, and prescribing expensive brands by doctors, creates a serious conflict of interests and fast a decline in patient trust and affordability of medicine cost. Thus strong regulatory controls,transparency, moral and ethical values are needed to enforce drug acts and make the stakeholder's groups accountable. There is a need to punish both the companies bribing the doctors on the pretext of product promotion and doctors accepting such benef its to protect the patient's interest and limit treatment cost. Strict regulations and incentive plans for the pharmaceutical sector are needed to promote Research and Development (R&D).

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