scholarly journals Crosslinking and Fulguration in the Treatment of Acanthamoebic Keratitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-732
Author(s):  
S. V. Trufanov ◽  
A. V. Zaitsev ◽  
N. P. Shakhbazyan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acanthamoebic Keratitis ◽  
Microscopy Data

Purpose: to study the combined Photo-Activated Chromophore for Keratitis — Corneal Cross-Linking (PACK-CXL) in combination with fulguration of the infiltration zone in the treatment of medically refractive acanthamoebic keratitis.Patients and methods. The study included 9 patients (10 eyes) with medically refractive acanthamoebic keratitis. The diagnosis was confirmed by confocal microscopy data from a microbiological study of scraping of corneal tissue from the lesion site with Romanovsky-Giemsa stain. All patients underwent combined surgical treatment of PACK-CXL with pre-fulguration. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the anterior segment of the eye was also performed using an RTVue-100 apparatus (Optovue USA), determination of visual acuity, photographing before and after surgery.Results. In 6 cases (60 %), a positive effect was noted, relief of the symptoms of the disease and the formation of turbidity within a month after the procedure, as well as an increase in the maximum corrected visual acuity. According in vivo confocal microscopy, 6 months after the intervention, no signs of infection were detected. In 4 cases, the therapeutic effect was absent. Subsequently, 3 patients (3 eyes) underwent therapeutic keratoplasty. In one eye, the infectious process was stopped medically for 6 months.Conclusion. The combined PACK-CXL method together with fulguration can be effective and safe in the treatment of medically refractive acanthamoebic keratitis, allowing keratoplasty to be performed with an optical goal if necessary, after stopping the infection process in a distant period. 

Characteristics of Linear Interstitial Keratitis by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography

Cornea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-788
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Petrovic ◽  
Kattayoon Hashemi ◽  
Frank Blaser ◽  
Wolfgang Wild ◽  
George Kymionis
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Interstitial Keratitis

Clinical and morphological manifestations of aniridia-associated keratopathy on anterior segment optical coherence tomography and in vivo confocal microscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Voskresenskaya ◽  
Nadezhda Pozdeyeva ◽  
Tatyana Vasilyeva ◽  
Yevgeniy Batkov ◽  
Aleksandr Shipunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy

An in vivo confocal microscopy study of corneal changes in pseudoexfoliation syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Terracciano ◽  
Michela Cennamo ◽  
Eleonora Favuzza ◽  
Litasova Julia ◽  
Orsola Caporossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Senile Cataract ◽  
Nerve Plexus ◽  
Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Sensitivity ◽  
Corneal Layer

Purpose: To evaluate, through the in vivo confocal microscopy, the pathological changes of each corneal layer in eyes affected by pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Methods: We studied 40 eyes of 40 patients with diagnosis of unilateral senile cataract associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and 40 eyes of 40 control subjects with senile cataract without pseudoexfoliation syndrome. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including best corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, corneal sensitivity measurement using a Cochet-Bonnet nylon thread esthesiometer, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (Visante OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany); in vivo confocal microscopy of corneal sections (endothelium, stroma, sub-basal nerve plexus, and superficial and basal epithelium) was performed with the ConfoScan 4.0 (Nidek, Japan). Results: In pseudoexfoliation syndrome group, the mean corneal sensitivity was 44.1 ± 1.3 mm and in the control group was 55.6 ± 4.7 mm. The corneas of the eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome were significantly less sensitive than those of control group eyes (p < 0.001). Pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes had a lower nerve density and less nerve beadings and a higher degree of tortuosity in sub-basal plexus compared to the control group. The cell density of epithelial and endothelial layers was significantly lower in pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes than controls. In 80% of pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes, we found activated keratocytes and inflammatory cells in the anterior stroma. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the morpho-structural corneal alterations in eyes affected by pseudoexfoliation syndrome, using corneal in vivo confocal microscopy as a non-invasive and high-reproducible technique to evaluate pathophysiology of each corneal layer; the sub-basal nerve plexus alterations are correlated with the lower corneal sensitivity.

scholarly journals Labeling of Monilinia fructicola with GFP and Its Validation for Studies on Host-Pathogen Interactions in Stone and Pome Fruit

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Silvia Rodríguez-Pires ◽  
Eduardo Antonio Espeso ◽  
Nuria Baró-Montel ◽  
Rosario Torres ◽  
Paloma Melgarejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Monilinia Fructicola ◽  
Pome Fruit ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Genomic Location ◽  
Morphological Defects ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

To compare in vivo the infection process of Monilinia fructicola on nectarines and apples using confocal microscopy it is necessary to transform a pathogenic strain with a construct expressing a fluorescent chromophore such as GFP. Thus, germinated conidia of the pathogen were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying the plasmid pPK2-hphgfp that allowed the expression of a fluorescent Hph-GFP chimera. The transformants were selected according to their resistance to hygromycin B, provided by the constitutive expression of the hph-gfp gene driven by the glyceraldehyde 3P dehydrogenase promoter of Aspergillus nidulans. The presence of T-DNA construct in the genomic DNA was confirmed by PCR using a range of specific primers. Subsequent PCR-mediated analyses proved integration of the transgene at a different genomic location in each transformant and the existence of structural reorganizations at these insertion points. The expression of Hph-GFP in three independent M. fructicola transformants was monitored by immunodetection and epifluorescence and confocal microscopy. The Atd9-M. fructicola transformant displayed no morphological defects and showed growth and pathogenic characteristics similar to the wild type. Microscopy analysis of the Atd9 transformant evidenced that nectarine infection by M. fructicola was at least three times faster than on apples.

scholarly journals Examination of corneal deposits in nephropathic cystinosis using in vivo confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography: an age-dependent cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Csorba ◽  
Erika Maka ◽  
Otto Alexander Maneschg ◽  
Attila Szabó ◽  
Nóra Szentmáry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Nephropathic Cystinosis ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Crystal Density

Abstract Background Presence of corneal cystine crystals is the main ocular manifestation of cystinosis, although controversial findings concerning the corneal layer with the highest density have been reported. The aim of this study was the analysis of the characteristics of crystal arrangement in different corneal layers and the assessment of corneal morphological changes with age. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out in three children and three adults who had nephropathic cystinosis and corneal cystine depositions. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination including best corrected distance visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, in vivo confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. An evaluation of the depth of crystal deposits and crystal density in different corneal layers was also performed. Due to the low number of subjects no statistical comparison was performed. Results Anterior segment optical coherence tomography images revealed deposition of hyperreflective crystals from limbus to limbus in each patient. Crystals appeared as randomly oriented hyperreflective, elongated structures on in vivo confocal microscopy images in all corneal layers except the endothelium. In children the deposits occurred predominantly in the anterior stroma, while in adults, the crystals were mostly localized in the posterior corneal stroma with the depth of crystal deposition showing an increasing tendency with age (mean depth of crystal density was 353.17 ± 49.23 μm in children and it was 555.75 ± 25.27 μm in adults). Mean crystal density of the epithelium was 1.47 ± 1.17 (median: 1.5; interquartile range: 0.3–2.4). Mean crystal density of the anterior and posterior stroma of children and adults was 3.37 ± 0.34 (median: 3.4; interquartile range: 3.25–3.55) vs. 1.23 ± 0.23 (median: 1.2; interquartile range: 1.05–1.35) and 0.76 ± 0.49 (median: 0.7; interquartile range: 0.4–1.15) vs. 3.63 ± 0.29 (median: 3.7; interquartile range: 3.45–3.8), respectively. Endothelium had intact structure in all cases. Some hexagonal crystals were observed in two subjects. Conclusions In vivo confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography confirmed an age-related pattern of crystal deposition. In children, crystals tend to locate anteriorly, while in adults, deposits are found posteriorly in corneal stroma.

scholarly journals In VivoConfocal Microscopy and Anterior Segment Optic Coherence Tomography Findings in Ocular Ochronosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Elif Demirkilinc Biler ◽  
Suzan Guven Yilmaz ◽  
Melis Palamar ◽  
Pedram Hamrah ◽  
Afsun Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Corneal Topography ◽  
Optic Coherence Tomography ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Spectral Domain Oct ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Pigmented Lesions

Purpose. To report clinical andin vivoconfocal microscopy (IVCM) findings of two patients with ocular ochronosis secondary due to alkaptonuria.Materials and Methods. Complete ophthalmologic examinations, including IVCM (HRT II/Rostock Cornea Module, Heidelberg, Germany), anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) (Topcon 3D spectral-domain OCT 2000, Topcon Medical Systems, Paramus, NJ, USA), corneal topography (Pentacam, OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and anterior segment photography, were performed.Results. Biomicroscopic examination showed bilateral darkly pigmented lesions of the nasal and temporal conjunctiva and episclera in both patients.In vivoconfocal microscopy of the lesions revealed prominent degenerative changes, including vacuoles and fragmentation of collagen fibers in the affected conjunctival lamina propria and episclera. Hyperreflective pigment granules in different shapes were demonstrated in the substantia propria beneath the basement membrane. AS-OCT of Case 1 demonstrated hyporeflective areas. Fundus examination was within normal limits in both patients, except tilted optic discs with peripapillary atrophy in one of the patients. Corneal topography, thickness, and macular OCT were normal bilaterally in both cases.Conclusion. The degenerative and anatomic changes due to ochronotic pigment deposition in alkaptonuria can be demonstrated in detail with IVCM and AS-OCT. Confocal microscopic analysis in ocular ochronosis may serve as a useful adjunct in diagnosis and monitoring of the disease progression.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Outflow StructuresIn Vivoafter the Phacocanaloplasty

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiva Paulaviciute-Baikstiene ◽  
Renata Vaiciuliene ◽  
Vytautas Jasinskas ◽  
Ingrida Januleviciene
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Glaucoma Medication ◽  
Postoperative Visual Acuity

Purpose. To evaluate thein vivochanges in Schlemm’s canal (SC) and the trabecular meshwork (TM) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) after phacocanaloplasty using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).Methods. Ten eyes of nine patients with POAG (6 men and 3 women) who underwent phacocanaloplasty. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and use of glaucoma medications were evaluated. The main outcome measures were the area of SC and TM thickness assessed using AS-OCT before and 12 months after surgery.Results. We found statistically significant reduction in IOP (from 26.4 (8.6) mmHg to 12.9 (2.5) (p<0.05) mmHg), increase in VA from 0.7 (0.4) to 0.9 (0.2), and decrease in glaucoma medication from 2.6 (1.2) to 1.1 (1.3) at 12 months postoperatively. There was a significant increase in the SC area (3081.7 (842.8) μm2versus 5098.8 (1190.5) μm2,p<0.001) and a decrease in mean TM thickness (91.2 (18.6) μm versus 81.3 (15.1) μm,p=0.001) after surgery. We found negative correlations between SC area and IOP before surgery (r=-0.67,p=0.03) and also between SC area before and IOP reduction 12 months after the phacocanaloplasty (r=-0.80,p=0.005).Conclusions. Our results showed statistically significant dilation of SC area and reduction of TM thickness after phacocanaloplasty in POAG patients. The degree of SC expansion was related to the IOP decrease.

scholarly journals Comparative Determination of Xenobiotics Adsorption

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Mirjana Mijanović ◽  
Asija Začiragić
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comparative Determination ◽  
Organochlorine And Organophosphorus Pesticides

Xenobiotic solutions of different concentrations were analyzed by TLC method before and after passing trough the column with adsorbent M and compared with adsorption on the active charcoal. The efficiency of adsorption on adsorbent M was higher, compared to active charcoal. The best adsorption, in the value 90 - 100%, have shown certain organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides, that were dissolved in non-aqueous solvents. Efficiency of adsorbent M was also proven in vivo, when solutions of tested xenobiotics before adsorption have caused death of experimental animals, and after the adsorption on adsorbent M, all treated animals have survived and had just mild symptoms of poisoning.

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