scholarly journals Comparative Determination of Xenobiotics Adsorption

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Mirjana Mijanović ◽  
Asija Začiragić
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comparative Determination ◽  
Organochlorine And Organophosphorus Pesticides

Xenobiotic solutions of different concentrations were analyzed by TLC method before and after passing trough the column with adsorbent M and compared with adsorption on the active charcoal. The efficiency of adsorption on adsorbent M was higher, compared to active charcoal. The best adsorption, in the value 90 - 100%, have shown certain organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides, that were dissolved in non-aqueous solvents. Efficiency of adsorbent M was also proven in vivo, when solutions of tested xenobiotics before adsorption have caused death of experimental animals, and after the adsorption on adsorbent M, all treated animals have survived and had just mild symptoms of poisoning.

scholarly journals Comparative determination of the efficacy of bispyridinium oximes in paraoxon poisoning / Usporedno određivanje učinkovitosti bispiridinijevih oksima pri trovanju paraoksonom

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Žunec ◽  
Božica Radić ◽  
Kamil Kuča ◽  
Kamil Musilek ◽  
Ana Lucić Vrdoljak
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Efficiency ◽  
Hi 6 ◽  
Comparative Determination

Abstract The inability of standard therapy to provide adequate protection against poisoning by organophosphorus compounds (pesticides and nerve agents) motivated us to search for new, more effective oximes. We investigated the pharmacotoxicological properties of six experimental K-oximes (K027, K033, K048, K074, K075, and K203) in vivo. The therapeutic efficacy of K-oximes (at doses of 5 or 25 % of their LD50) combined with atropine was assessed in paraoxon-poisoned mice and compared with conventionally used oximes HI-6 and TMB-4. The bisoxime K074 was the most toxic (LD50=21.4 mg kg-1) to mice, while monoxime K027 was the least toxic (LD50=672.8 mg kg-1). With the exception of K033, all of the tested K-oximes showed better therapeutic efficiency than HI-6 and TMB-4. K027 and K048 stood out by demonstrating low acute toxicities and ensuring protective indices ranging from 60.0 to 100.0 LD50 of paraoxon. Taking into account that these two oximes showed a similar therapeutic efficacy regardless of the applied doses, our results suggest that K027 and K048 could be antidotes for paraoxon intoxication.

Determination of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in mango (Mangifera indica L.) in the State of Guerrero, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. S222
Author(s):  
Y. Villar Encarnación ◽  
Y.A. Polanco García ◽  
M.E. Moreno Godínez ◽  
P. Álvarez Fitz ◽  
G. Huerta Beristaín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
The State ◽  
Organochlorine And Organophosphorus Pesticides

In vivo determination of left ventricular wall stress-shortening relationship in normal mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. H1047-H1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Hoit ◽  
Z. U. Khan ◽  
C. M. Pawloski-Dahm ◽  
R. A. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Genome ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Inotropic State ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fractional Shortening

Although targeted alterations of the mouse genome are used increasingly to identify the mechanisms underlying cardiac function, the methods used to study the phenotypic expression of these alterations in vivo are limited. To derive a relatively noninvasive, load-independent measure of left ventricular (LV) contractility in mice, we cannulated the femoral artery and performed two-dimensional directed M-mode echo studies in 28 anesthetized FVB/N mice, using a 9-MHz transducer. Loading conditions were altered by intraarterial methoxamine (3-12 microg/g), and LV shortening fraction was determined at several steady states, both before and after myocardial contractility was altered by either 4 microg/g intraperitoneal dobutamine (n = 16) or 1-2 microg/g verapamil (n = 12). The relation between LV systolic meridional stress and fractional shortening derived from pooled baseline data was inverse and linear [r = 0.80, slope = -0.19, intercept = 48%, standard error of estimate (SEE) = 5.5%, P < 0.001]. Dobutamine produced a parallel upward shift of the relation (r = 0.87, slope = -0.21, intercept = 61%, SEE = 4.5%, P < 0.001), and verapamil produced a downward shift of the relation (r = 0.48, slope = -0.05, intercept = 24%, SEE = 3.7%, P < 0.05). At matched levels of end-systolic stress, dobutamine increased and verapamil decreased the LV shortening fraction. We conclude that 1) inverse stress-shortening relations can be assessed noninvasively in mice; and 2) these relations are sensitive to alterations in inotropic state, independent of loading conditions.

scholarly journals Crosslinking and Fulguration in the Treatment of Acanthamoebic Keratitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-732
Author(s):  
S. V. Trufanov ◽  
A. V. Zaitsev ◽  
N. P. Shakhbazyan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acanthamoebic Keratitis ◽  
Microscopy Data

Purpose: to study the combined Photo-Activated Chromophore for Keratitis — Corneal Cross-Linking (PACK-CXL) in combination with fulguration of the infiltration zone in the treatment of medically refractive acanthamoebic keratitis.Patients and methods. The study included 9 patients (10 eyes) with medically refractive acanthamoebic keratitis. The diagnosis was confirmed by confocal microscopy data from a microbiological study of scraping of corneal tissue from the lesion site with Romanovsky-Giemsa stain. All patients underwent combined surgical treatment of PACK-CXL with pre-fulguration. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the anterior segment of the eye was also performed using an RTVue-100 apparatus (Optovue USA), determination of visual acuity, photographing before and after surgery.Results. In 6 cases (60 %), a positive effect was noted, relief of the symptoms of the disease and the formation of turbidity within a month after the procedure, as well as an increase in the maximum corrected visual acuity. According in vivo confocal microscopy, 6 months after the intervention, no signs of infection were detected. In 4 cases, the therapeutic effect was absent. Subsequently, 3 patients (3 eyes) underwent therapeutic keratoplasty. In one eye, the infectious process was stopped medically for 6 months.Conclusion. The combined PACK-CXL method together with fulguration can be effective and safe in the treatment of medically refractive acanthamoebic keratitis, allowing keratoplasty to be performed with an optical goal if necessary, after stopping the infection process in a distant period. 

In Vivo Observations on the Seminal Vesicles of Adult Neonatally Castrated Rats Before and After Intravenous Testosterone

1957 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Knisely ◽  
Jerome A. Grunt ◽  
Roger J. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Contraction Time ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Before And After

In vivo microscopic observations were made on the seminal vesicles of 12 neonatally castrated rats. After 30 minutes of study, during which the degree of vascularity and the visible linear rates of blood flow were noted, and the duration and frequency of contractions had been timed and recorded, an intravenous injection was made. The eight experimental animals received 300µg water-soluble testosterone (17-B diethylaminoethyl-carbonate hydrochloride) in 0.15 cc normal saline and the controls received 0.15 cc normal saline alone. No alterations were seen in the seminal vesicles of the controls following the injection except a decrease in the average total contraction time. At varying intervals following the injection of testosterone, there was an increase in the diameters of some of the small blood vessels, a concomitant increase in the visible linear rates of blood flow in these vessels, and a marked reduction in the frequency, duration and apparent strength of the contractions of the vesicles.

scholarly journals Potential Risk Related To The Reuse of Faecal Sludge In Agriculture: Proposal For An Ecological Treatment Method Based On Active Charcoal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Landy Fotseu Kouam ◽  
Ajeagah Aghaindum Gideon ◽  
Isaac Dennis Amoah ◽  
Tsomene Namekong Pierre ◽  
Okoa Amougou Thérèse Nadège
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Method ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Absorption Potential ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ecological Treatment ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Abstract This study is aimed at highlighting the risks associated with the reuse of faecal sludge and proposed a sustainable treatment method. The sampling consisted of collecting samples of faecal sludge in 5L of sterilized containers and then transporting to the laboratory in a refrigerated chamber for the determination of helminth eggs using standard protocols. The experimental device consisted of two replicates, one test and one control. The test samples received active charcoal at different concentrations (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6). The physico-chemical parameters were measured before and after treatment. The samples were then observed under the optical microscope at the 40X objective for morphological identifications. Molecular analysis was carried out using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique. The viability of the eggs were determined using incubation and staining techniques. Analyses showed that the sludge used for irrigation contained eggs and larvae of 6 helminth species (S. stercoralis, A. duodenale, N. americanus, T. trichiuria, H. nana and Ascaris spp.) with viability percentages ranging from 57.72% to 74.46%. Treatment with active charcoal allowed significant adsorption of these parasites with yields ranging from 95 to 100%. In addition, the carbon used has favoured the alkaline stabilisation of the medium, which increases its absorption potential. It can therefore be used in the treatment of sludge because, unlike other chemical disinfectants, it does not present any toxic effects.

scholarly journals Determination of the Center of Rotation for Flexion/Extension before and after Insertion of 3 Different Types of Disc Prostheses, and Comparison with In-Vivo MRI-Derived Data from Healthy Volunteers

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. s-0036-1582800-s-0036-1582800
Author(s):  
Manfred Muhlbauer ◽  
Ernst Tomasch ◽  
Wolfgang Sinz ◽  
Siegfried Trattnig ◽  
Hermann Steffan
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Center Of Rotation ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Derived Data
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document