scholarly journals In depth understanding of retinitis pigmentosa pathogenesis through optical coherence tomography angiography analysis: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1979-1985
Author(s):  
Bing-Wen Lu ◽  
◽  
Gai-Ping Wu ◽  
Li-Ke Xie ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Choroidal Vasculature ◽  
Retinal Disorder

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most recognized inherited retinal disorder involving progressive photoreceptors degeneration which eventually causes blindness. However, the pathogenesis of RP is still unclear, making it difficult to establish satisfying treatments. Evidence have been found to support the theory that vascular dysfunction is associated with the progression of RP. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a newly developed technology that enables visualization as well as quantitative assessment of retinal and choroidal vasculature non-invasively. Advances in OCTA have opened a window for in-depth understanding of RP pathogenesis. Here, we propose a hypothesis of RP pathogenesis based on the current OCTA findings in RP, which includes four stages and two important key factors, vascular dysfunction and microglia activation. Further, we discuss the future animal experiments needed and how advanced OCTA technology can help to further verity the hypothesis. The final goal is to explore potential treatment options with enhanced understanding of RP pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Macular Telangiectasia Type 2 with Associated Subretinal Neovascular Membrane

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Victor M. Villegas ◽  
Jaclyn L. Kovach
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Subretinal Neovascularization ◽  
Macular Telangiectasia ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Macular Telangiectasia Type 2 ◽  
Subretinal Neovascular Membrane ◽  
Choroidal Vasculature

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a recently established noninvasive technology for evaluation of the retinal and choroidal vasculature. The literature regarding the findings in macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel2) is scarce. We report the OCTA findings associated with a subject with MacTel2 and secondary subretinal neovascularization (SNV). The commercially available Cirrus 5000 with AngioPlex (Zeiss, Jena, Germany) was used, without any subsequent image modification or processing. Subretinal neovascularization was detectable with OCTA at the level of the outer retina and choriocapillaris. Microvascular abnormalities associated with MacTel2 were present mostly in the deep capillary plexus of the retina temporally.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Retinal Diseases

2017 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Vascular Networks ◽  
Motion Contrast ◽  
Choroidal Vasculature

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new imaging method providing the assessment of retinal and choroidal vasculature without a contrast agent. In this angiography type, the vascular networks have been visualized in detail though detecting motion contrast of erythrocytes in the vessel, using serial optical coherence tomography B-scans. Currently, OCTA findings of many retinal diseases have been reported.

scholarly journals Optical coherence tomography angiography findings in patients undergoing transcorneal electrical stimulation for treating retinitis pigmentosa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Zabek ◽  
Hanna Camenzind Zuche ◽  
Ursula Müller ◽  
Hendrik P. N. Scholl ◽  
Annekatrin Rickmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Retinal Layers ◽  
Perfusion Density

Abstract Purpose Transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) is a novel treatment approach for patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The aim of our study was to observe changes in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) that would be attributed to TES treatment. Methods A total of 73 eyes were included: 43 eyes of 22 subjects (11 ♀, 11 ♂) suffering from RP were examined at baseline (BL), after first stimulation (TS), 1 week (1W), and 6 months (6M) after treatment initiation and were compared with 30 control eyes of 15 subjects (8 ♀, 7 ♂). TES was performed simultaneously on both eyes for 30 min weekly. OCTA scans of 9 × 15 mm were recorded with a PLEX Elite 9000 swept-source OCTA device (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena). Vascular density metrics such as perfusion density (PD) and vessel density (VD) were calculated automatically for the macular area by using standardised extended early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) grids centred around the fovea. In addition, the capillary perfusion density (CPD) and the capillary flux index (CFI) of the peripapillary nerve fibre layer microvasculature in all four quadrants of an annulus centred at the optic disc were measured. All parameters were determined over all retinal layers and separately for the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). ANOVA-based linear mixed-effects models were calculated with SPSS®. Results Throughout the course of TES treatment, the macular VD and PD of all retinal layers in all subsections showed a slight decrement without reaching statistical significance, also when analysed separately in the SCP and DCP (p > 0.08). In analogy, the average CPD and CFI also presented with a slight decrement (p > 0.20). However, when compared with controls, most OCTA parameters showed a significant decrement (p < 0.05). When analysed systematically in all subsections of the extended ETDRS grid, the temporal macular subsections within the outer ring (radius 1.5–3 mm) and also of the peripheral C1, C2, and C3 rings (radius 3–7.5 mm) showed lower VD and PD values when compared with the other subsections (p < 0.05). Conclusion Vascular density metrics in the macular region and the peripapillary microvasculature appear to remain unaffected by continuous TES treatment within a period of 6 months.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA

Retina ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged Alnawaiseh ◽  
Friederike Schubert ◽  
Peter Heiduschka ◽  
Nicole Eter
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optical Coherence

scholarly journals Correlation of choriocapillaris hemodynamic data from dynamic indocyanine green and optical coherence tomography angiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung ◽  
Kelvin Yi Chong Teo ◽  
Sai Bo Bo Tun ◽  
Joanna Marie Busoy ◽  
Veluchamy A. Barathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Uniform Mesh ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Choroidal Blood Flow ◽  
Filling Sequence ◽  
Filling Pattern ◽  
Choroidal Vasculature

AbstractTo investigate the correlation between posterior pole choroidal blood flow evaluated with digital subtraction indocyanine green angiography and enface optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Imaging in animal study. The anatomy of 2 cynomogulus monkeys was studied. Each monkey was given a 0.75 mg/kg injection of indocyanine green in the saphenous vein. The dynamic angiographic filling sequence was recorded at 15 frames per second using the Heidelberg Spectralis. After image registration, sequential frame subtraction was used to image the dye front moving through the choroid. The OCTA was obtained by frame averaging nine separate choriocapillaris slab flow images obtained from the Zeiss Plex Elite 9000. Posterior pole choriocapillaris filling pattern in relation to the choriocapillaris anatomy as imaged by OCTA. In the posterior pole, the choriocapillaris fills in the pattern of discrete units with variable sizes and shapes. The cycle of dye filling begins in the peripapillary area and progresses toward the periphery in a wavelike manner. This filling pattern repeats in a cyclical manner, consistent with the cardiac cycle. OCTA shows a uniform mesh of vessels. While OCTA shows a uniform meshwork appearance of the choriocapillaris, the dynamic dye angiography suggests an irregular configuration of functional units partitioned by pressure gradients as opposed to structural boundaries. Disturbance of local perfusion pressure within choroidal vasculature may result in abnormal flow patterns, which could be evaluated in the clinic using commercially available equipment.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA

Retina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged Alnawaiseh ◽  
Friederike Schubert ◽  
Peter Heiduschka ◽  
Nicole Eter
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optical Coherence
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