scholarly journals Vegetation and Soil Carbon under Various Forest Management Types: Case of Karang Sidemen Community Forest in Lombok, Eastern Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-648
Author(s):  
Muhamad Husni Idris ◽  
Sitti Latifah ◽  
Budhy Setiawan ◽  
Irwan Mahakam Lesmono Aji ◽  
Diah Permata Sari
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

The condition of community-managed forest areas varies according to biophysics characteristics and management activities. This study aims to investigate the condition of vegetation and soil carbon stocks of various types of forest management by the community in Karang Sidemen Village, Lombok, Indonesia. In the study area, it was found 4 types of landuse management, namely; dense forest-like vegetation (Tp1), moderate vegetation with intensive (Tp2) and less intensive (Tp3) under-stand cultivation, and sparse vegetation resembling dryland agriculture (Tp4). Vegetation condition was analyzed based on satellite derived NDVI index and field observation. Sentinel satellite images for 2015 and 2019, with a resolution of 10x10 m was used. Field data collection was carried out in August 2019. It was made 5 sample plots of 20x20 m for each management type. Vegetation data with diameter (D) ≥ 20 cm, 10 cm ≤D< 20 cm, 2 cm ≤D< 10 cm and D< 2 cm were collected from plots of 20x20 m, subplots 10x10 m, 5x5 m and 2x2 m, respectively. Soil samples were taken diagonally on a 20x20 m plot, at a depth of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm. The results showed that the NDVI derived vegetation index for 2015 and 2019 images showed different patterns for the four types of management. The number of species for Tp1, Tp2, Tp3 and Tp4 were 9, 15, 9 and 8 species, respectively. The dominant species are generally from groups of plants providing economic benefits such as avocado (Persea americana), candlenut (Aleurites moluccana), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), coffee (Coffea canephora), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and guava (Psidium guajava). Soil carbon stocks of the four types of management at a depth of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm were18.61-21.04 tons C/ha, 16.56-20.80 tons C/ha, 29.66-34.48 tons C/ha and 27.54 - 33.66 tons C/ha, respectively. The soil carbon stock of denser vegetation is higher than that of medium and sparse vegetation. Therefore, forest management with the community needs to maintain forest-like vegetation.

Carbon stocks in the Oak and Pine Forests in Salyan District, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Shrestha ◽  
B. P. Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Basic Step ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

Forests play an important role in absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Broadleaf Forests absorb more carbon as compared to the Pine Forests. Quantification of carbon in any vegetation and soil type is a basic step for evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of an ecosystem. To quantify the vegetation and soil carbon stocks in Oak and Pine Forests, above and below-ground biomass of both forests were estimated using stratified random sampling. Individual trees in the sample plots of both forest types were measured. Above-ground biomass of trees and saplings were estimated by using different models, while the biomass of grass, herb and litter were calculated directly from field measurements. To determine the soil carbon stock, soil samples from three depth levels (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm) of each soil profile were collected for each sample plot laid out in both forest types. Total vegetation carbon stocks in Oak and Pine Forests were 90.37 and 24.82 Mg C ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the soil carbon stocks in the Oak and Pine Forests were 60.82 and 46.12 Mg C ha-1, respectively.Banko Janakari, Vol. 23, No. 2, 2013

scholarly journals Effect of Forest Management Types on Soil Carbon Stocks in Montane Forests: A Case Study of Eastern Mau Forest in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
George K. Tarus ◽  
Stanley W. Nadir
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Seasonal Weather ◽  
Eastern Mau

Mau Forest, a major forest reserve in Kenya, has experienced anthropogenic disturbances through encroachment and forest fires. This study aimed at comparing the soil carbon stocks in different forest management types as well as how seasonal climatic changes influence its dynamics. The study was undertaken in the Eastern Mau block (Sururu) which forms part of the greater Mau Forest Complex. The forest management interventions have been in place for over 15 years with disturbed (fire) natural forest experiencing fires in 2005, 2007, and 2014 while cypress plantations were established in 1994. A nested experimental design was used in data collection, where thirty-two sample plots were nested into four blocks each measuring 100 m2 delineated by forest management types (disturbed by fire, natural forest, undisturbed natural forest, plantation, and glades). In each plot, data on soil carbon stocks, soil bulk density, soil moisture, and temperature were collected for both dry and wet seasons. Data collection was carried out between November 2015 and December 2016. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in the carbon stocks among the forest management types (F4,16 = 0.61, P = 0.613 ). However, seasonal weather changes significantly affected the amount of carbon stocks among the forest management types (F4,16 = 0.61, P > 0.05 ). The undisturbed natural forest had the highest mean soil carbon stocks, while the plantation forest had the lowest as follows: undisturbed natural forest (135.17 ± 35.99.0 Mg·C−ha), disturbed natural forest by fire (134.52 ± 38.11 Mg·C−ha), glades (122.4 ± 64.9 Mg·C−ha), and plantation forest (116.51 ± 39.77 Mg·C−ha). Furthermore, the undisturbed natural forest management had the highest bulk density (0.66 g/cm3), while the disturbed (fire) natural forest had the lowest (0.59 g/cm3). These values were low compared to most normal mineral soils which have a bulk density of between 1.0 g/cm3 and 1.5 g/cm3. There was a significant ( P > 0.01 ) relationship between seasonal weather (temperature) changes and soil carbon stocks under different forest management types with the relationship being stronger in soils under glades (r2 = 0.62) and weak in the undisturbed natural forest (r2 = 0.26). In conclusion, forest disturbances have an impact on soil carbon stocks, and for effective management of forest towards climate stabilization, then disturbance should be minimized if not avoided.

scholarly journals Forest soil carbon stock estimates in a nationwide inventory: evaluating performance of the ROMULv and Yasso07 models in Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4169-4183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksi Lehtonen ◽  
Tapio Linkosalo ◽  
Mikko Peltoniemi ◽  
Risto Sievänen ◽  
Raisa Mäkipää ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Litter Input ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Litter Quantity

Abstract. Dynamic soil models are needed for estimating impact of weather and climate change on soil carbon stocks and fluxes. Here, we evaluate performance of Yasso07 and ROMULv models against forest soil carbon stock measurements. More specifically, we ask if litter quantity, litter quality and weather data are sufficient drivers for soil carbon stock estimation. We also test whether inclusion of soil water holding capacity improves reliability of modelled soil carbon stock estimates. Litter input of trees was estimated from stem volume maps provided by the National Forest Inventory, while understorey vegetation was estimated using new biomass models. The litter production rates of trees were based on earlier research, while for understorey biomass they were estimated from measured data. We applied Yasso07 and ROMULv models across Finland and ran those models into steady state; thereafter, measured soil carbon stocks were compared with model estimates. We found that the role of understorey litter input was underestimated when the Yasso07 model was parameterised, especially in northern Finland. We also found that the inclusion of soil water holding capacity in the ROMULv model improved predictions, especially in southern Finland. Our simulations and measurements show that models using only litter quality, litter quantity and weather data underestimate soil carbon stock in southern Finland, and this underestimation is due to omission of the impact of droughts to the decomposition of organic layers. Our results also imply that the ecosystem modelling community and greenhouse gas inventories should improve understorey litter estimation in the northern latitudes.

scholarly journals The potential of Asystasia intrusa weed of Acanthaceae family as a cover crop in oil palm plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halus Satriawan ◽  
ZAHRUL FUADY ◽  
ERNAWITA ERNAWITA
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

Abstract. Satriawan H, Fuady Z, Ernawita. 2020. The potential of Asystasia intrusa weed as a cover crop in oil palm plantations. Biodiversitas 21: 5711-5718. Weeds generally found in oil palm plantations, one of which is dominant is Asystasia intrusa. This weed has begun to be used as a cover crop on oil palm land because it is assumed to have a beneficial effect. The purpose of this research is to explore the potential of Asystasia intrusa in growing as a cover crop on oil palm plantations. The experimental arrangement used was split-plot design. Oil palm plan’s ages were used as the main plot, while the spacing plant (Asystasia intrusa) as the subplots. Experiments were done in triplicate. The results showed that Asystasia intrusa has the potential to be used as a cover crop in oil palm plantations, since it meets several requirements, such as quickly covering the land (12 WAP), fast decomposing (30-60 days), tolerance to shade. This was indicated by the growth percentage of 97.56%, containing nutrients N (1.65-1.77%), P (0.29%), and K (4.6-4.97%), as biomass (0.9 t C/ha/year) and soil carbon stocks (39.52-41.16 t/ha/year). The studied weed also has the ability to increase soil carbon stock up to 119%.

scholarly journals An introduction to the distribution of carbon stocks in temperate broadleaf forests of northern Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Mohadeseh Ghanbari Motlagh ◽  
Sasan Babaie Kafaky ◽  
Asadollah Mataji ◽  
Reza Akhavan ◽  
Behzad Amraei
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Organic Carbon Stock ◽  
Non Destructive

Northern forests of Iran are among the most important plant communities in Iran due to their dynamic and diverse vegetation composition and fertile soils. There is little information about carbon stocks of these forests. In the present study, above- and belowground carbon stocks of trees, litter, herbs and soil organic carbon stock at three selected sites of these forests were calculated using random plots and non-destructive sampling. The FAO method was used for carbon estimation of trees and Walkley-Black method was used for soil carbon stock and carbon coefficient was estimated directly. The results showed that both the tree carbon stocks and soil carbon stocks increased from east to west with increasing altitude, showing significant differences. The results also indicate that these forests have a high carbon sequestration potential as a green belt across the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains, when the contribution of the aboveground section was greater than that  of the belowground section (soil and roots) at all sites.

scholarly journals Changes in soil carbon stocks in Brazil due to land use: paired site comparisons and a regional pasture soil survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5499-5533 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Assad ◽  
H. S. Pinto ◽  
S. C. Martins ◽  
J. D. Groppo ◽  
P. R. Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Losses

Abstract. In this paper we calculated soil carbon stocks in Brazil using 17 paired sites where soil stocks were determined in native vegetation, pastures and crop-livestock systems (CPS), and in other regional samplings encompassing more than 100 pasture soils, from 6.58° S to 31.53° S, involving three major Brazilian biomes: Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, and the Pampa. The average native vegetation soil carbon stocks at 10 and 30 cm soil depth were equal to approximately 33 and 65 Mg ha−1, respectively. In the paired sites, carbon losses of 7.5 Mg ha−1 and 11.9 Mg ha−1 in CPS systems were observed at 10 cm and 30 cm soil depth averages, respectively. In pasture soils, carbon losses were similar and equal to 8.3 Mg ha−1 and 12.2 Mg ha−1 at 10 cm and 30 cm soil depths, respectively. The average soil δ13C under native vegetation at 10 and 30 cm depth were equal to −25.4‰ and −24.0‰, increasing to −19.6 ‰ and −17.7‰ in CPS, and to −18.9‰, and −18.3‰ in pasture soils, respectively; indicating an increasing contribution of C4 carbon in these agrosystems. In the regional survey of pasture soils, the soil carbon stock at 30 cm was equal to approximately 51 Mg ha−1, with an average δ13C value of −19.6‰. Key controllers of soil carbon stock at pasture sites were sand content and mean annual temperature. Collectively, both could explain approximately half of the variance of soil carbon stocks. When pasture soil carbon stocks were compared with the average soil carbon stocks of native vegetation estimated for Brazilian biomes and soil types by Bernoux et al. (2002) there was a carbon gain of 6.7 Mg ha−1, which is equivalent to a carbon gain of 15% compared to the carbon soil stock of the native vegetation. The findings of this study are consistent with differences found between regional comparisons like our pasture sites and local paired study sites in estimating soil carbon stocks changes due to land use changes.

scholarly journals Linking Forest Vegetation and Soil Carbon Stock in Northwestern Russia

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 979
Author(s):  
Natalia Lukina ◽  
Anastasia Kuznetsova ◽  
Elena Tikhonova ◽  
Vadim Smirnov ◽  
Maria Danilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Northwestern Russia ◽  
Birch Forests

Research Highlights: It was found that both tree species and ground vegetation affected soil carbon stock in boreal forests. Carbon stocks in the mineral layers were related negatively to the C/N ratio in the organic horizon and pine proportion in the growing stock volume, and positively to the share of herbaceous plants and the proportion of spruce. Background and Objectives: Existing research showed the effects of tree species on soil carbon stocks in organic horizons, but these effects were less clear in mineral horizons. Little is known about the effects of ground vegetation on soil carbon stock. This study aims to identify associations between the forest vegetation composition and soil carbon stocks in northwestern Russia. Materials and Methods: Research data from 109 pine, spruce and birch forests of different Cajander’s and Sukachev’s types with different functional compositions of ground vegetation at autonomous positions are discussed in this paper. The V-test was used to assess the impact of vegetation on soil carbon stocks. Results: Variations in Carbon stocks in the mineral layers were associated with the soil types and vegetation composition. Carbic Albic Podzols accumulated the least amount of carbon in the mineral profile. Carbon stock in the mineral layers in pine forests was considerably lower than in spruce and birch forests. Spruce forests with the highest share of herbaceous plants were characterised by the highest carbon stocks in the mineral layers, while pine forests with dwarf shrubs and green mosses accumulated more carbon in the organic layers, but carbon stocks in the mineral layers here were the lowest. Conclusions: Differences in soil carbon stocks between and within northern and middle taiga in northwestern Russia were associated not only with soil types but also with the proportions of forest types dominated by different tree species and ground vegetation functional groups.

Soil carbon stock in balsa wood after fertilization strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Marcelo Caravina ◽  
Maurel Behling ◽  
Cornélio Alberto Zolin ◽  
Ciro Augusto de Souza Magalhães ◽  
Onã da Silva Freddi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Balsa Wood ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Biomass ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Fertilization Level

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate whether balsa wood plantation and its fertilization can improve soil carbon stocks. Total carbon stocks in the soil-biomass system, at 0.0-0.30 m soil depths, were evaluated under three fertilization strategies, after three and seven years, and compared with carbon stocks from native forest and degraded pasture. At the highest fertilization level, balsa wood showed a carbon stock similar to that of the native forest (65.38 Mg ha-1) and, after seven years, it increased carbon stock by 18% in the soil, and by 42% in the soil-biomass system.

scholarly journals Changes in soil carbon stocks in Brazil due to land use: paired site comparisons and a regional pasture soil survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 6141-6160 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Assad ◽  
H. S. Pinto ◽  
S. C. Martins ◽  
J. D. Groppo ◽  
P. R. Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Carbon Losses

Abstract. In this paper we calculated soil carbon stocks in Brazil studying 17 paired sites where soil stocks were determined in native vegetation, pastures and crop-livestock systems (CPS), and in other regional samplings encompassing more than 100 pasture soils, from 6.58 to 31.53° S, involving three major Brazilian biomes: Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, and the Pampa. The average native vegetation soil carbon stocks at 10, 30 and 60 cm soil depth were equal to approximately 29, 64, and 92 Mg ha−1, respectively. In the paired sites, carbon losses of 7.5 Mg ha−1 and 11.6 Mg ha−1 in CPS systems were observed at 10 cm and 30 cm soil depths, respectively. In pasture soils, carbon losses were similar and equal to 7.5 Mg ha−1 and 11.0 Mg ha−1 at 10 cm and 30 cm soil depths, respectively. Differences at 60 cm soil depth were not significantly different between land uses. The average soil δ13C under native vegetation at 10 and 30 cm depth were equal to −25.4‰ and −24.0‰, increasing to −19.6‰ and −17.7‰ in CPS, and to −18.9‰, and −18.3‰ in pasture soils, respectively; indicating an increasing contribution of C4 carbon in these agrosystems. In the regional survey of pasture soils, the soil carbon stock at 30 cm was equal to approximately 51 Mg ha−1, with an average δ13C value of −19.67‰. Key controllers of soil carbon stock in pasture sites were sand content and mean annual temperature. Collectively, both could explain approximately half of the variance of soil carbon stocks. When pasture soil carbon stocks were compared with the average soil carbon stocks of native vegetation estimated for Brazilian biomes and soil types by Bernoux et al. (2002) there was a carbon gain of 6.7 Mg ha−1, which is equivalent to a carbon gain of 15% compared to the carbon soil stock of the native vegetation. The findings of this study are consistent with differences found between regional comparisons like our pasture sites and plot-level paired study sites in estimating soil carbon stocks changes due to land use changes.

scholarly journals Soil carbon stock estimates in a nationwide inventory: evaluating performance of the ROMUL and Yasso07 models

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksi Lehtonen ◽  
Tapio Linkosalo ◽  
Mikko Peltoniemi ◽  
Risto Sievänen ◽  
Raisa Mäkipää ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Litter Input ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Litter Quantity

Abstract. We test whether litter quality, litter quantity and weather data are enough to estimate soil carbon stocks by models. We also test whether inclusion of soil water holding capacity improves soil carbon stock model estimates. Litter input was estimated from stem volume maps provided by the National Forest Inventory, while understorey vegetation was estimated using new biomass models. The litter production rates of trees were based on previous research, while for understorey biomass those were estimated from measured data. We applied Yasso07 and ROMUL models across Finland and ran those models into steady state; thereafter, measured soil carbon stocks were compared with model estimates. We found that the role of understorey litter input is underestimated when the Yasso07 model is parameterised, especially in northern Finland. We also found that the inclusion of soil water holding capacity in the ROMUL model improved predictions, especially in southern Finland. Our results imply that the ecosystem modelling community and greenhouse gas inventories should improve understorey litter estimation in the northern latitudes. Our simulations and measurements show that models using only litter quality, litter quantity and weather data underestimate soil carbon stock in southern Finland and this underestimation is due to omission of the impact of droughts to the decomposition of organic layers.

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