scholarly journals Bubble PIV technique to measure the velocity field of a free-swimming California sea lion

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Clare Leftwich ◽  
Gino Perrotta ◽  
Frank E Fish
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Global Illumination ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Piv Technique ◽  
Underwater Cameras ◽  
Entire Flow ◽  
First Time ◽  
Small Bubbles

Fish et al. (2014) adapted laboratory PIV for safe use on larger animals. As opposed to seeding the entire flow with reflective particles and illuminating a plane of the flow with a laser, they produced a sheet of small bubbles and used sunlight for global illumination. Underwater cameras imaged the flow in a method similar to traditional PIV. This technique was used to measure the flow around a swimming dolphin and estimate the thrust produced during a tail stand maneuver (Fish et al. (2014, 2018)). In the current work, we will extend the modification of PIV of Fish et al. to measure the flow produced by a swimming sea lion also using bubbles as seeding particles and sunlight as illumination. This is the first time that the flowfield of a swimming sea lion has been directly measured. We will present an extensive extension to the image processing required to measure flow under field conditions. Finally, we will present the flow generated by propulsive strokes of an adult female (Cali) sea lion freely swimming through a pool of stationary water.

scholarly journals New Records on Acanthocephalans from California Sea Lions Zalophus californianus (Pinnipedia, Otariidae) from California, USA

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Lisitsyna ◽  
O. Kudlai ◽  
T. R. Spraker ◽  
T. A. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

Abstract To increase the currently limited knowledge addressing acanthocephalans parasitizing California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), 33 animals including pups, juvenile and adult males and females from the Marine Mammal Center (TMMC), Sausalito, California, USA were examined. Totally, 2,268 specimens of acanthocephalans representing five species from the genera Andracantha (A. phalacrocoracis and Andracantha sp.), Corynosoma (C. strumosum and C. obtuscens) and Profilicollis (P. altmani) were found. Profilicollis altmani and A. phalacrocoracis, predominantly parasitize fish-eating birds; they were registered in Z. californianus for the first time. Prevalence and intensity of California sea lion infection and transmission of acanthocephalans in these hosts of different age groups were analyzed and discussed. We provide brief morphological descriptions of the five species of acanthocephalan found in California sea lions.

Visual Learning set in a California sea lion

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly McCormley ◽  
Peter Cook ◽  
Madison Miketa ◽  
Colleen Reichmuth
Keyword(s):  
Visual Learning ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Learning Set

Rehabilitation and Movement of a Blind California Sea Lion from the Southern Gulf of California to the Western Baja California Peninsula, Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Fernando R. Elorriaga-Verplancken ◽  
Patricia Meneses ◽  
Abraham Cárdenas-Llerenas ◽  
Wayne Phillips ◽  
Abel de la Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Baja California Peninsula ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion

Onset, growth, and recovery of in-air temporary threshold shift in a California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 2916 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kastak ◽  
Colleen Reichmuth ◽  
Marla M. Holt ◽  
Jason Mulsow ◽  
Brandon L. Southall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion

Dental Pathology of the California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.L. Sinai ◽  
R.H. Dadaian ◽  
P.H. Kass ◽  
F.J.M. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Dental Pathology

Quantifying errors associated with using fecal samples to determine the diet of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1080-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J Orr ◽  
James T Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Mesh Bag ◽  
Estimate Number ◽  
Fish Otoliths

The purpose of this study was to quantify the errors associated with using fecal samples to determine the diet of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). Fishes and squids of known size and number were fed to five sea lions held in enclosures with seawater-filled pools. Enclosures were washed and pools were drained periodically so that sea lion feces could be collected using a 0.5 mm mesh bag. Fish otoliths and squid beaks were collected from feces and used to estimate number and size of prey eaten. An average of 50.7% (SE = 6.4%) of 430 fishes and 73.5% (SE = 12.0%) of 49 cephalopods fed to sea lions were represented by otoliths and beaks in feces, respectively. Estimated lengths of fish from feces were less than lengths of fish fed to sea lions by an average of 30.1% (SE = 2.8%). Beaks were not digested significantly; estimated lengths of squid were underestimated by an average of only 3.3% (SE = 1.5%) relative to actual lengths. Passage rates of otoliths varied, but more than 70% were recovered within 48 h after the fish was consumed. Passage rates of beaks were generally less than those of otoliths; six beaks (11%) were collected in feces 4 days after the squid were eaten. Correction factors were created to more reliably estimate the number and size of fishes and cephalopods eaten by California sea lions.

Larval development of the epizoic barnacle Octolasmis unguisiformis Kobayashi & Kato, 2003 (Cirripedia, Pedunculata)

Crustaceana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wijayanti ◽  
Y. Yusa ◽  
R. Kado
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
First Time

Larvae of the androdioecious and endangered barnacle,Octolasmis unguisiformis, were cultured in the laboratory for the first time. The larvae passed through six free-swimming naupliar stages and a cyprid stage. The naupliar stages required a combined minimum of 44 days at 25°C, and the cyprid stage lasted up to 7 days. However, none of the cyprids settled, even if the host crab (Macrophthalmus milloti) was introduced. The morphological features of the naupliar stages are described and compared with otherOctolasmisspp.

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