Retrospective Analysis of Criminal Procedure Powers of Investigation Bodies of the Penal Enforcement System

The paper considers the statutory concept of the civil contract as a form of evidence used by the ancient Tajiks in Avestan court proceedings, particularly with regard to findings, typology and responsibility for violation of the contract in part of Vendidad. The history of contracts as a form of evidence in Avestan court proceedings is the key component of political and legal institutes within the historical development of Tajikistan, which was characterized by worldview, political and cultural values of the society in a certain era of its development. Therefore, the study of this main institute of criminal proceedings always remains relevant. The study provides the retrospective analysis of the contract as a form of evidence in Avestan court proceedings during the period of the Zoroastrian civilization. The study results in basic principles and ways of implementing the contract as a form of evidence in Avestan court proceedings.

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RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RULES FOR GENERAL CONDITIONS OF PROVING IN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Problems of modern science and education ◽

10.20861/2304-2338-2019-137-001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 137 ◽

Author(s):

Bakhtiyor Rаjabov ◽

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Criminal Procedure ◽

General Conditions

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A retrospective analysis of the humanization of criminal procedure and practice of the death penalty in the context of the teachings of Cesare Beccaria

Legal Science and Practice: Journal of Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia ◽

10.36511/2078-5356-2020-3-166-170 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 166-170

Author(s):

Konstantin Vasilkov ◽

Victor Udovichenko

Keyword(s):

Criminal Justice ◽

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Criminal Procedure ◽

Cesare Beccaria ◽

Severe Punishment ◽

Criminal Legislation

The authors analyze two fundamental directions of the teaching of the great italian lawyer C. Beccaria in the context of humanizing the process of proving the guilt of a criminal in relation to the use of unacceptable methods of criminal justice. At the same time, an assessment of the practice and necessity of applying the death penalty as the most severe punishment is given in a similar way. It is concluded that these areas of teaching of C. Beccaria formed the foundation of the classical school of criminal law and are represented in modern criminal legislation.

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Sound Production Treatment for Acquired Apraxia of Speech: An Examination of Dosage in Relation to Probe Performance

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00110 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Julie L. Wambaugh ◽

Lydia Kallhoff ◽

Christina Nessler

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Sound Production ◽

Apraxia Of Speech ◽

Practice Schedule ◽

Practice Schedules ◽

Baseline Performance ◽

The Mean ◽

Number Of Treatment ◽

The Impact

Purpose This study was designed to examine the association of dosage and effects of Sound Production Treatment (SPT) for acquired apraxia of speech. Method Treatment logs and probe data from 20 speakers with apraxia of speech and aphasia were submitted to a retrospective analysis. The number of treatment sessions and teaching episodes was examined relative to (a) change in articulation accuracy above baseline performance, (b) mastery of production, and (c) maintenance. The impact of practice schedule (SPT-Blocked vs. SPT-Random) was also examined. Results The average number of treatment sessions conducted prior to change was 5.4 for SPT-Blocked and 3.9 for SPT-Random. The mean number of teaching episodes preceding change was 334 for SPT-Blocked and 179 for SPT-Random. Mastery occurred within an average of 13.7 sessions (1,252 teaching episodes) and 12.4 sessions (1,082 teaching episodes) for SPT-Blocked and SPT-Random, respectively. Comparisons of dosage metric values across practice schedules did not reveal substantial differences. Significant negative correlations were found between follow-up probe performance and the dosage metrics. Conclusions Only a few treatment sessions were needed to achieve initial positive changes in articulation, with mastery occurring within 12–14 sessions for the majority of participants. Earlier occurrence of change or mastery was associated with better follow-up performance. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12592190

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