The Necropolitical Functions of Biocitizenship

2018 ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Karma R. Chávez
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Citizenship Status ◽  
International Aids ◽  
National Borders ◽  
Hiv Aids

This chapter explores how biocitizenship works to maintain national borders and relegate certain populations—in this case, immigrants with HIV/AIDS—to death. Although immigrants are not citizens, they and their biological conditions are placed under perhaps more scrutiny than those with citizenship status, making the framework of biocitizenship an appropriate one for understanding how decisions regarding how immigrants with HIV/AIDS should be treated were made and also how people responded to aspects of those decisions. To provide this exploration, this chapter examines the controversy, protests and boycott surrounding the 6th International AIDS Conference (IAC) held in San Francisco in 1990 to demonstrate an often uncommented upon aspect of biocitizenship: its necropolitical functions.

Gender differences in causes of death among persons with HIV/AIDS in San Francisco, California, 1996–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A Hessol ◽  
Sandra K Schwarcz ◽  
Ling Chin Hsu ◽  
Martha Shumway ◽  
Edward L Machtinger
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratios ◽  
Hiv Aids

The objective was to examine gender differences in causes of death using the San Francisco HIV/AIDS and death registries. Data from San Francisco residents diagnosed with HIV/AIDS who died from 1996 to 2013 were analyzed. Age, race/ethnicity, year, and gender-adjusted standardized mortality ratios and Poisson 95% confidence intervals were calculated for underlying causes of death. Among the 6268 deaths, deaths attributed to drug use, mental disorders due to substance use, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, renal disease, and septicemia were more likely among women than among men. Compared to the California population, women had elevated standardized mortality ratios for drug overdose (25.37), mental disorders due to substance abuse (27.21), cerebrovascular disease (2.83), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (7.37), heart disease (2.37), and liver disease (5.54), and these were higher than the standardized mortality ratios for the men in our study. Men, but not women, had elevated standardized mortality ratios for suicide (2.70), undetermined intent (3.88), renal disease (2.29), and non-AIDS cancer (1.68) compared to population rates. Continued efforts to reduce HIV-related illnesses and an increased emphasis on diagnosing and treating preventable causes of death, including substance use, heart disease, and mental health disorders, are needed as part of comprehensive HIV care.

HIV/AIDS management in Africa—new directions from the San Francisco Conference

AIDS Care ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
I. D. Campbell ◽  
C. Chela
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Hiv Aids
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