Bio-efficacy of Plants based Formulations for the Management of Cowpea Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Polygonum Hydropiper ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Powder Formulation ◽  
Cowpea Aphid ◽  
Wettable Powder

Background: The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is damaged by various insect pests of which cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora) causes heavy damage to the tender leaves of the plant and reduces its yield. Two plant based formulation (prepared in the Chemistry Laboratory) viz. Polygonum hydropiper floral parts and Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaf, were used for safe management. Methods: The studies were done during 2019-2020 in BCKV, Kalyani, West Bengal, India for controlling of cowpea aphid by using plant based formulation. For preparing wettable powder formulation from Polygonum hydropiper floral parts and tobacco leaf the different ingredients are required viz. china clay, silica gel, wetting agent, dispersing agent etc. Physico-chemical analysis was done for preparation of accurate Wettable Powder formulation. Result: Cowpea aphid causes damage the tender leaves of the plant. It was revealed that imidacloprid (Confidor 17.8 SL) @ 1.0 ml/3L was found the most effective treatment against aphids giving more than 80% control followed by tobacco leaf (50 WP) @ 8 g/L of water (more than 70% control), fipronil (Regent 5% SC) @ 2.5 ml/L of water and Polygonum floral parts (50 WP) @ 8 g/L of water (more than 65% control both). The quality parameters of WP (50%) formulation was satisfactory as per the FAO specifications in terms of wet sieved test, wettability, foaming and suspensibility performed on the 0-day and also after 15th day at room temperature, at 65°C and at freezing temperature conditions.

scholarly journals IN VIVO MULTISTEP MUTAGENESIS INDUCTION USING COLCHICINE ON COWPEA MUTANT 1 (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
I Gede Ketut Susrama ◽  
I Gede Putu Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Cowpea Aphid

In the previous research, we obtained three catagories of M1 mutant cowpea namely 1) purple pod mutant cowpea, 2) green pod mutant cowpea which has three pods in a stalk, and 3) green pod mutant cowpea which has two pods in a stalk. All those three catagories of M1 mutant cowpeas were treated again with colchicine in a multistep mutagenesis proses in vivo. Then, we found changes in number of leaflet in a petiole to 4 leaflets (quadrifoliate) and to five leaflets in a petiole (pentafoliate). These changes are indications that beside as a chromosome multipying alkaloid, colchicine causes other genetic changes as well. Through this mutagenesis research, we created gigas mutant cowpea that having longer leaves, longer pods and heavier seeds. The accurrence of two kinds of insect pests attack were found namely cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora and pod sucking bug Riptortus linearis.

scholarly journals Resistance in advanced cowpea lines to Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Leandro Carvalho Da Silva ◽  
Daniel Rodrigues Nere ◽  
Antônia Débora Camila de Lima Ferreira ◽  
Ervino Bleicher
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Total Fecundity ◽  
Cowpea Aphid ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
New Cultivars

The Brazilian cowpea crop has been increasing in recent years due to the launch of new cultivars. However these are, in some cases, susceptible to cowpea aphid. In view of this, studies of the biology of, one of the main insect pests on advanced cowpea lines, is essential, since they form the next new cultivars to be the released. Accordingly, the objective of the evaluate the main advanced cowpea lines that confer resistance over the biological aspects of Aphis craccivora Koch. Eight advanced cowpea lines were studied, plus cultivar VITA 7 to provide a standard for aphid susceptibility. Number of living individuals, the longevity of insects and number of descendants produced were recorded daily. Highest nymph mortality rates, longest inter-generation intervals and the lowest reproductive duration, occurred when the aphids had lines MNCO4-762F-03 and MNCO4-762F-09 as host plants. Daily fecundity values (3.0 to 8.0 nymphs per day) varied according to lineage. Lowest total fecundity values were recorded when aphids fed on MNCO4-762F-03, MNCO4-762F-09 and MNCO4-792F-123 lines. MNCO4-762F-03 and MNCO4-762F-09 lines negatively impacted A. craccivora biology, and were the least suitable as hosts.

scholarly journals Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2257
Author(s):  
Rajan Bhatt ◽  
Jagdish Singh ◽  
Alison M. Laing ◽  
Ram Swaroop Meena ◽  
Walaa F. Alsanie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Ratoon Sugarcane

Groundwater and soil potassium deficiencies are present in northern India. Sugarcane is a vital crop in the Indian Punjab; it is grown on approximately 91,000 hectares with an average yield of 80 tonnes ha−1 and a sugar recovery rate of 9.59%. The role of potassium (K) fertilizer under both sufficient and deficient irrigation in ratoon sugarcane crops is not well documented. We conducted a split-plot ratoon cane experiment during 2020–2021 at the Gurdaspur Regional Research Station of Punjab Agricultural University, India, on K-deficient soils. Main treatments were fully irrigated (I1) and water stressed (I0) conditions, with sub-treatments reflecting K fertilizer application rates of 0 (M1), 67 (M2), 133 (M3), and 200 (M4) kg K ha−1. The ratoon sugarcane performance was assessed in terms of growth, productivity, sugar quality and incidence of key insect pests. At harvest, trends in the growth and yield parameters in I1 were improved over the I0 treatment, with cane height (+12.2%), diameter (+3.3%), number of internodes (+5.4%), biomass yield (+7.6%) and cane yield (+5.9%) all higher, although little significant difference was observed between treatments. Ratoon cane yield under irrigation was 57.1 tonnes ha−1; in water-stressed conditions, it was 54.7 tonnes ha−1. In terms of sugarcane quality parameters, measured 12 months after harvesting the initial seed crop, values of Brix (+3.6%), pol (+3.9%), commercial cane sugar percentage (+4.0%) and extractable sugar percentage (+2.8%) were all higher in the irrigated treatments than the water-stressed plot. Irrigated treatments also had a significantly lower incidence of two key insect pests: top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis) was reduced by 18.5% and stalk borer (Chilo auricilius) by 21.7%. The M3 and M4 treatments resulted in the highest cane yield and lowest incidence of insect pests compared to other K-fertilizer treatments. Economic return on K-fertilizer application increased with increasing fertilizer dosage. Under the potassium-deficient water-stressed conditions of the region of north India, a fertilizer application rate of 133 kg K ha−1 is recommended to improve ratoon sugarcane growth, yield, and quality parameters and economic returns for sugarcane farmers.

Infrared Spectrophotometric Method for Analysis of Guthion Insecticide: Collaborative Study

1979 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220-1221
Author(s):  
Charles J Cohen ◽  
◽  
J B Audino ◽  
M Byrne ◽  
G S Grimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Absorbance Measurement ◽  
Powder Formulation ◽  
Azinphos Methyl ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Liquid Concentrate

Abstract A collaborative study on the assay of Guthion (azinphos methyl) has been conducted by 10 laboratories. Data were obtained on a 2 Ib/gal. liquid concentrate and a 50% wettable powder formulation. The procedure specifies extraction and/or dilution followed by infrared absorbance measurement at 654 cm-1. The method has been adopted as official first action.

Control of Aster (Aster subspicatus) and Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) in Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) with Napropamide

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-371
Author(s):  
Azmi Y. Shawa
Keyword(s):  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Powder Formulation ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Late Application ◽  
Earlier Application

Napropamide [2-(a-naphthoxy)N,N-diethylpropionamide] applied to cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarponAit.) as a granular or wettable powder formulation at 20 kg/ha in March 1978 controlled aster (Aster subspicatusNees) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.) without any phytotoxicity to ‘McFarlin’ cranberry vines. Earlier application in February was ineffective, and late application in April injured the vines. Napropamide 10% granular applied at 14 kg/ha in March 1979 controlled aster 90% and birdsfoot trefoil 70%, and the 50% wettable powder formulation controlled aster 90% and birdsfoot trefoil 80%. Applications of granular napropamide at 12 kg/ha in March of 1979 or 1980 controlled both weeds 70%.

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