scholarly journals Four Weeks Exercise in Vary Intensities Reduce More Inguinal Fat Than Perigonadal Fat in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Ahmad Rukhani Lutfi ◽  
Paulus Liben ◽  
Lilik Herawati
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin ◽  
Blood Specimens

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common pathogen in humans that causes various infections. A variety of infections due to S. aureus are related to virulence factors, one of which is Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) as the main cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). This study aimed to explore the genetic pattern of the tsst-1 genes among MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates of patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya-Indonesia. This study performed a PCR test on 106 clinical samples of S. aureus isolated to determine the presence of the tsst-1 genes; subsequently, this study also performed phylogenetic analysis. The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 3 (5.7%) MSSA isolates and 2 (3.8%) MRSA isolates from 106 samples that were divided into 53 MSSA isolated and 53 MRSA isolates. There was no significant difference between the tsst-1 genes on both the MSSA and MRSA bacteria (p = 0.648). The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 1 (4.5%) of pus specimens and 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MSSA isolates. However, the positive tsst-1 genes were found in neither sputum nor urine specimens. The genes were found in 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MRSA isolates. Based on the phylogenetic tree, Indonesian tsst-1 isolated belonged to the same clade as Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt, and the United Kingdom. The prevalence of tsst-1 genes of both MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya was 5.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The tsst-1 genes of Surabaya-Indonesia, Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt, and the United Kingdom belonged to the same clade.

scholarly journals Molecular Genotyping of Tsst-1 Gene Staphylococcus Aureus from Clinical Specimen

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Marinda Dwi Puspitarini ◽  
Kuntaman Kuntaman ◽  
Eddy Bagus Wasito ◽  
Wahyu Setyarini
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Specimens

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common pathogen in humans that causes various infections. Variations in infections due to S. aureus are related to the presence of virulence factors, one of which is Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) which is the main cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). This study aimed to explore the genetic pattern of the tsst-1 genes among MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates of patients at Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya-Indonesia. PCR examination was performed on 106 clinical samples of S. aureus isolates to determine the presence of the tsst-1 genes; subsequently, phylogenetic analysis was performed. The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 3 (5.7%) MSSA isolates and 2 (3.8%) MRSA isolates from 106 samples, of which were divided into 53 MSSA isolates and 53 MRSA isolates. No significant difference was noticed between the tsst-1 genes on both the MSSA and MRSA bacteria (p = 0.648). The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 1 (4.5%) of pus specimens and 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MSSA isolates. However, the positive tsst-1 genes were found in neither sputum nor urine specimens. The genes were found in 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MRSA isolates. Based on the phylogenetic tree, Indonesian tsst-1 isolates belonged to the same clade as Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom isolates. The prevalence of tsst-1 genes of both MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates in Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital Surabaya are 5.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The tsst-1 genes of Surabaya-Indonesia, Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom belonged to the same clade.

scholarly journals Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hema Sharma ◽  
Debra Smith ◽  
Claire E. Turner ◽  
Laurence Game ◽  
Bruno Pichon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

scholarly journals Staphylococcal Enterotoxins and Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 and Their Association among Bacteremic and Infective Endocarditis Patients in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Heba M. Elsherif ◽  
Zeinab H. Helal ◽  
Mona R. El-Ansary ◽  
Zeinab A. Fahmy ◽  
Wafaa N. Eltayeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxins ◽  
Duke Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin

Purpose. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a major complication in patients with bacteremia of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus infection. Our aim was to determine the association of the major Staphylococcal superantigens (SAgs), including Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), among hospitalized patients diagnosed with bacteremia and those with IE. Methods. This study was conducted on 88 patients; of these, 84 (95.5%) had two positive blood cultures. Eighteen out of the 84 patients (21.4%) were diagnosed based on the modified Duke criteria by a cardiologist to have IE. The recovered isolates were screened phenotypically using ELISA followed by molecular analysis of sea, seb, sec, sed, see, and tsst-1, the major SAg coding genes, and the obtained findings were statistically analyzed. Results. Phenotypic screening for SE production of 26 selected Staphylococci (15 isolated from the IE patients (10 S. aureus and 5 coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS)) and 11 from bacteremic patients (10 S. aureus and 1 CoNS)) using ELISA revealed that 12/26 (46%) isolates were SE producers. PCR analysis showed that 19 (73%) isolates were PCR positive for SAg genes with the highest prevalence of the sea gene (79%), followed by seb (63%) and tsst-1 (21%). The least frequent gene was sed (5.3%). Statistical correlations between bacteremic and IE isolates with respect to prevalence of SAgs showed no significant difference ( P value = 0.139, effect size = 0.572 ) indicating no specific association between any of the detected SAgs and IE. Conclusion. There is high prevalence of SEs among clinical isolates of Staphylococci recovered from patients suffering bacteremia and those with IE. No significant difference was found among Staphylococcal isolates recovered from patients with bacteremia or IE regarding both phenotypic and genotypic detection of the tested SAgs.

scholarly journals Influence of the Vaginal Microbiota on Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 Production by Staphylococcus aureus

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1835-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick A. MacPhee ◽  
Wayne L. Miller ◽  
Gregory B. Gloor ◽  
John K. McCormick ◽  
Jo-Anne Hammond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin

ABSTRACTMenstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a serious illness that afflicts women of premenopausal age worldwide and arises from vaginal infection byStaphylococcus aureusand concurrent production of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). Studies have illustrated the capacity of lactobacilli to reduceS. aureusvirulence, including the capacity to suppress TSST-1. We hypothesized that an aberrant microbiota characteristic of pathogenic bacteria would induce the increased production of TSST-1 and that this might represent a risk factor for the development of TSS. AS. aureusTSST-1 reporter strain was grown in the presence of vaginal swab contents collected from women with a clinically healthy vaginal status, women with an intermediate status, and those diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis (BV). Bacterial supernatant challenge assays were also performed to test the effects of aerobic vaginitis (AV)-associated pathogens toward TSST-1 production. While clinical samples from healthy and BV women suppressed toxin production,in vitrostudies demonstrated thatStreptococcus agalactiaeandEnterococcusspp. significantly induced TSST-1 production, while someLactobacillusspp. suppressed it. The findings suggest that women colonized byS. aureusand with AV, but not BV, may be more susceptible to menstrual TSS and would most benefit from prophylactic treatment.

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