scholarly journals On Tribonacci Functions and Gaussian Tribonacci Functions

Author(s):  
Yüksel Soykan ◽  
Melih Göcen ◽  
İnci Okumuş

In this work, Gaussian Tribonacci functions are defined and investigated on the set of real numbers $\mathbb{R},$ \textit{i.e}., functions $f_{G}$ $:$ $\mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ such that for all $% x\in \mathbb{R},$ $n\in \mathbb{Z},$ $f_{G}(x+n)=f(x+n)+if(x+n-1)$ where $f$ $:$ $\mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a Tribonacci function which is given as $f(x+3)=f(x+2)+f(x+1)+f(x)$ for all $x\in \mathbb{R}$. Then the concept of Gaussian Tribonacci functions by using the concept of $f$-even and $f$-odd functions is developed. Also, we present linear sum formulas of Gaussian Tribonacci functions. Moreover, it is showed that if $f_{G}$ is a Gaussian Tribonacci function with Tribonacci function $f$, then $% \lim\limits_{x\rightarrow \infty }\frac{f_{G}(x+1)}{f_{G}(x)}=\alpha \ $and\ $\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow \infty }\frac{f_{G}(x)}{f(x)}=\alpha +i,$ where $% \alpha $ is the positive real root of equation $x^{3}-x^{2}-x-1=0$ for which $\alpha >1$. Finally, matrix formulations of Tribonacci functions and Gaussian Tribonacci functions are given. In the literature, there are several studies on the functions of linear recurrent sequences such as Fibonacci functions and Tribonacci functions. However, there are no study on Gaussian functions of linear recurrent sequences such as Gaussian Tribonacci and Gaussian Tetranacci functions and they are waiting for the investigating. We also present linear sum formulas and matrix formulations of Tribonacci functions which have not been studied in the literature.

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1363-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. KAPOOR ◽  
M. GURU PREM PRASAD

We describe the dynamical behaviour of the entire transcendental non-critically finite function $f_\lambda (z) = \lambda(e^z - 1)/z$, $\lambda > 0$. Our main result is to obtain a computationally useful characterization of the Julia set of $f_\lambda (z)$ as the closure of the set of points with orbits escaping to infinity under iteration, which in turn is applied to the generation of the pictures of the Julia set of $f_\lambda (z)$. Such a characterization was hitherto known only for critically finite entire transcendental functions [11]. We find that bifurcation in the dynamics of $f_\lambda (z)$ occurs at $\lambda = \lambda^{*}$ ($\approx 0.64761$) where $\lambda^\ast = {(x^{*})}^{2} /({e}^{x^{*}} -1)$ and $x^{*}$ is the unique positive real root of the equation $e^{x}(2 -x ) -2 = 0$.


2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADAM CLAY ◽  
DALE ROLFSEN

AbstractWe establish a necessary condition that an automorphism of a nontrivial finitely generated bi-orderable group can preserve a bi-ordering: at least one of its eigenvalues, suitably defined, must be real and positive. Applications are given to knot theory, spaces which fibre over the circle and to the Heegaard–Floer homology of surgery manifolds. In particular, we show that if a nontrivial fibred knot has bi-orderable knot group, then its Alexander polynomial has a positive real root. This implies that many specific knot groups are not bi-orderable. We also show that if the group of a nontrivial knot is bi-orderable, surgery on the knot cannot produce an L-space, as defined by Ozsváth and Szabó.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Rajendra Prasad Regmi

There are various methods of finding the square roots of positive real number. This paper deals with finding the principle square root of positive real numbers by using Lagrange’s and Newton’s interpolation method. The interpolation method is the process of finding the values of unknown quantity (y) between two known quantities.


1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Howard Becker

For any A ⊂ R, the Banach game B(A) is the following infinite game on reals: Players I and II alternately play positive real numbers a1; a2, a3, a4,… such that for n > 1, an < an−1. Player I wins iff ai exists and is in A.This type of game was introduced by Banach in 1935 in the Scottish Book [15], Problem 43. The (rather vague) problem which Banach posed was to characterize those sets A for which I (II) has a winning strategy in B(A). (There are three parts to Problem 43. In the first, Mazur defined a game G**(A) for every set A ⊂ R and conjectured that II has a winning strategy in G**(A) iff A is meager and I has a winning strategy in G**(A) iff A is comeager in some neighborhood; this conjecture was proved by Banach. Presumably Banach had this result in mind when he asked the question about B(A), and hoped for a similar type of characterization.) Incidentally, Problem 43 of the Scottish Book appears to be the first time infinite games of any sort were studied by mathematicians.This paper will not provide the reader with any answer to Banach's question. I know of no nontrivial way to characterize when player I (or II) wins, and I suspect there is none. This paper is concerned with a different (also rather vague) question: For which sets A is the Banach game B(A) determined? To say that B(A) is determined means, of course, that one of the players has a winning strategy for B(A).


2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dağistan Simsek ◽  
Bilal Demir ◽  
Cengiz Cinar

We study the behavior of the solutions of the following system of difference equationsxn+1=max⁡{A/xn,yn/xn},yn+1=max⁡{A/yn,xn/yn}where the constantAand the initial conditions are positive real numbers.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emin Bešo ◽  
Senada Kalabušić ◽  
Naida Mujić ◽  
Esmir Pilav

AbstractWe consider the second-order rational difference equation $$ {x_{n+1}=\gamma +\delta \frac{x_{n}}{x^{2}_{n-1}}}, $$xn+1=γ+δxnxn−12, where γ, δ are positive real numbers and the initial conditions $x_{-1}$x−1 and $x_{0}$x0 are positive real numbers. Boundedness along with global attractivity and Neimark–Sacker bifurcation results are established. Furthermore, we give an asymptotic approximation of the invariant curve near the equilibrium point.


2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
S. S. Bhatia ◽  
Vijay Kumar

In this paper, we aim to generalize the notion of statistical convergence for double sequences on probabilistic normed spaces with the help of two nondecreasing sequences of positive real numbers $\lambda=(\lambda_{n})$ and $\mu = (\mu_{n})$  such that each tending to zero, also $\lambda_{n+1}\leq \lambda_{n}+1, \lambda_{1}=1,$ and $\mu_{n+1}\leq \mu_{n}+1, \mu_{1}=1.$ We also define generalized statistically Cauchy double sequences on PN space and establish the Cauchy convergence criteria in these spaces.


2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350010
Author(s):  
HORST ALZER

Let α and β be real numbers. We prove that the functional inequality [Formula: see text] holds for all positive real numbers x and y if and only if [Formula: see text] Here, γ denotes Euler's constant.


2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-567
Author(s):  
Megumi Kirihata ◽  
Makoto Yamashita

We prove a strengthened form of convexity for operator monotone decreasing positive functions defined on the positive real numbers. This extends Ando and Hiai's work to allow arbitrary positive maps instead of states (or the identity map), and functional calculus by operator monotone functions defined on the positive real numbers instead of the logarithmic function.


2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artion Kashuri ◽  
Rozana Liko

The authors discover a new identity concerning differentiable mappings defined on m-invex set via fractional integrals. By using the obtained identity as an auxiliary result, some fractional integral inequalities for generalized relative semi- m-(r;h1,h2)-preinvex mappings by involving generalized Mittag-Leffler function are presented. It is pointed out that some new special cases can be deduced from main results of the paper. Also these inequalities have some connections with known integral inequalities. At the end, some applications to special means for different positive real numbers are provided as well.


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