Some Mechanical Tests on the Lumbosacral Spine with Particular Reference to the Intervertebral Discs

1957 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1135-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
THORNTON BROWN ◽  
ROBERT J. HANSEN ◽  
ALVIN J. YORRA
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine

scholarly journals Mammalian spinal biomechanics. I. Static and dynamic mechanical properties of intact intervertebral joints.

1993 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Gál
Keyword(s):  
Meles Meles ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Scaling Effects ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Angular Change ◽  
Pure Extension

Four-point bending was used to apply pure extension and flexion moments to the ligamentous lumbosacral spine and pelvic girdle of monkey (Macaca fascicularis), rabbit (domestic and wild, Oryctolagus cuniculus), badger (Meles meles), wallaby (Wallabia rufogrisea frutica), sheep (Ovis aries), seal (Phoca vitulina) and tiger (Panthera tigris). The absolute ranges of angular change in lumbar-lumbar joints (from X-radiographs) were considerable and similar in monkey and wallaby (greater in flexion) and in rabbit and badger (symmetrical in extension and flexion). Mass-specific bending comparisons showed that monkey and seal joints were the most and least resistant, respectively, to these moments. The patterns of mobility showed no clear scaling effects. Subsequently, additional ligamentous joint complexes (three vertebrae and two intervertebral discs) of monkey, wallaby, tiger, jaguar (Panthera onca) and seal (Halichoerus grypus) were subjected to cyclic extension and flexion moments. Changes in intervertebral angle (y, from X-radiographs) were modelled as functions of applied specific bending moments (x):y=A(1-e-Bx). A and B values represented bending capacities and joint compliances respectively. Homologous monkey and wallaby joints had considerable flexion capacities, with low compliances. Homologous jaguar and tiger joints had limited flexion capacities, but greater compliances. The data suggest that flexion resistance may be controlled by different mechanisms in different species.

The Distribution of Calcific Deposits in Intervertebral Discs of the Lumbosacral Spine

1990 ◽  
Vol &NA; (254) ◽  
pp. 303???310 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH FEINBERG ◽  
OHENEBA BOACHIE-ADJEI ◽  
PETER G. BULLOUGH ◽  
ADELE L. BOSKEY
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Calcific Deposits

scholarly journals Penetrating Annulus Fibrosus Injuries Affect Dynamic Compressive Behaviors of the Intervertebral Disc Via Altered Fluid Flow: An Analytical Interpretation

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Michalek ◽  
James C. Iatridis
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Annulus Fibrosus ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Loading Frequency ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Transport Pathway

Extensive experimental work on the effects of penetrating annular injuries indicated that large injuries impact axial compressive properties of small animal intervertebral discs, yet there is some disagreement regarding the sensitivity of mechanical tests to small injury sizes. In order to understand the mechanism of injury size sensitivity, this study proposed a simple one dimensional model coupling elastic deformations in the annulus with fluid flow into and out of the nucleus through both porous boundaries and through a penetrating annular injury. The model was evaluated numerically in dynamic compression with parameters obtained by fitting the solution to experimental stress-relaxation data. The model predicted low sensitivity of mechanical changes to injury diameter at both small and large sizes (as measured by low and high ratios of injury diameter to annulus thickness), with a narrow range of high sensitivity in between. The size at which axial mechanics were most sensitive to injury size (i.e., critical injury size) increased with loading frequency. This study provides a quantitative hypothetical model of how penetrating annulus fibrosus injuries in discs with a gelatinous nucleus pulposus may alter disc mechanics by changing nucleus pulposus fluid pressurization through introduction of a new fluid transport pathway though the annulus. This model also explains how puncture-induced biomechanical changes depend on both injury size and test protocol.

Evaluation of dynamic MRI data in patients with herniated intervertebral discs after the complex treatment including osteopathic correction

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
S. M. Adrianova ◽  
B. H. Akhmetov
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Mri ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Therapy Effect ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Hernia Size

Introduction. Pain in the lumbosacral region is one of the most common causes of disability and medical attention acquiring. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine in these patients quite often demonstrates multiple hernias. Despite the success of modern, including complex, methods of treating patients with herniated discs of lumbosacral spine, the problem of objective revealing of the applied therapy effect with modern instrumental examination methods is actual.The goal of research — study was to study the changes in the MRI picture in patients with herniated intervertebral discs during treatment with inclusion of osteopathic correction.Materials and methods. The study involved 15 patients with herniated intervertebral discs of lumbosacral spine. The patients received outpatient conservative treatment with inclusion of osteopathic correction. Participants underwent MRI of the lumbar spine at the beginning of the study and 3 months after treatment. The obtained data were processed by methods of nonparametric statistics.Results. After the complex treatment, such indicators of MRI as the hernia size, the lateral pocket width and the pelvis configuration significantly improved. These parameters are important indicators of pathomorphological changes in the spinal motion segment, affecting the discoradicular conflict. At the same time, there were no obtained convincing data about the therapy effect on the L5 vertebra rotation, on the presence of sequestration and changes in the Tchaikovsky index. Perhaps this is due to the small sample and short follow-up period for patients.Conclusion. After the course of treatment with inclusion of osteopathic correction, the statistically significant changes in MRI images were revealed in patients with herniated intervertebral discs, indicating a positive dynamics in the parameters of the hernia size, the width of the lateral pocket and the configuration of the pelvis.

Postoperative applications of the fast track technology in patients with herniated intervertebral discs of the lumbosacral spine

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Nazarenko ◽  
N. A. Konovalov ◽  
A. V. Krut’ko ◽  
T. N. Zamiro ◽  
I. B. Geroeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Track ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine

Balneotherapy and Physiotherapy in Chronic Pain Syndrome of the Lumbosacral Spine. Review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Anna Zduńska ◽  
Sebastian Zduński ◽  
Katarzyna Nowicka ◽  
Agnieszka Rudnicka
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Health Resort ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Pain Disability ◽  
Pain Syndromes

Back pain is a common disease and although it can be located in any of its cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral sections, however the vast majority of patients complain of lumbosacral pain. Back pain syndromes has become a challenge for modern rehabilitation, both in the issue of the prevention as well as therapy. A major problem for people with back pain is progressive disability, and thus a deterioration in the quality of life. Despite many treatment methods and health care resources devoted to back pain, disability and burden are increasing. An important place in the therapy of back pain syndromes is occupied by physical methods and health resort treatment. The work presents the use of balneotherapy and physiotherapy in the most common back pain syndromes, i.e. in chronic diseases of the intervertebral discs and degenerative changes of the lumbosacral spine.

Stepwise Validated Finite Element Model of the Human Lumbar Spine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Coombs ◽  
Michael Bushelow ◽  
Peter Laz ◽  
Milind Rao ◽  
Paul Rullkoetter
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Human Lumbar Spine ◽  
Spine Mechanics ◽  
Structural Configurations ◽  
The Individual

Understanding the kinematics of the lumbosacral spine and the individual functional spinal units (FSU) is essential in assessing spine mechanics and implant performance. The lumbosacral spine and the FSU are comprised of bones and complex soft tissues such as intervertebral discs (IVD) and ligaments. Prior studies have focused on the behavior of isolated structures, but the contribution of each structure to the overall kinematics of the spine needs to be further understood. In this study, the behavior of various structural conditions was determined by experimentally dissecting each ligament in a stepwise fasion until only the IVD remained, and applying loading conditions to the FSU. The FE model was validated through optimization to match the in vitro load-deflection characteristics and contact mechanics for the various structural configurations.

scholarly journals REHABILITATION OF THE PATIENTS AFTER THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF HERNIATED INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
D. D Voronina ◽  
A. G Kulikov ◽  
I. V Luppova ◽  
O. V Yarustovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Intervention Region ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Magnetic Therapy

The objectives of the study was to enhance the effectiveness of the rehabilitation of the patients who have undergone the surgical intervention on the herniated intervertebral discs in the lumbosacral spine with the use of general magnetic therapy during their combined treatment. A total of 67 patients were available for the medical examination and treatment. The patients presenting with similar clinical symptoms were allocated to two groups matched for age and gender. All of them received initial therapy including medication, kinetic physical therapy, and hydrokinesitherapy. The patients of the main study group were additionally given magnetic therapy while those in the control group were treated without additional therapy. It has been shown that the introduction of general magnetic therapy into the program of the combined treatment exerts the beneficial influence on the main clinical symptoms of the disease, intensifies the regeneration processes, and improves blood circulation in the surgical intervention region; moreover, it improves the psychoemotional condition and the quality of life in this category of the patients.

scholarly journals Non-Coding RNA Extraction from Nucleus Pulposus of Intervertebral Discs with Subsequent Expression Profiling

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
I. F. Gareev ◽  
O. A. Beylerli ◽  
G. Yang ◽  
D. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Lncrna Expression ◽  
Non Coding Rna

Background. With numerous extraction protocols for total RNA and RNA fractions, like microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), available for various cell and tissue types, obtaining a high quantitative and qualitative yield from some special material, such as the nucleus pulposus, remains challenging. Nucleus pulposus is troublesome to manage in common RNA isolation protocols due to low cell content and high biopolymer concentrations, including proteoglycans and glycoproteins, which impair overall purity and yield. A major lack of reproducible methods for total and fraction RNA isolation directly from the nucleus pulposus impedes effective real-time PCR applications for downstream miRNA and lncRNA expression profiling in the course of intervertebral disc degeneration. In this study, we exploit the collagenase type II lytic properties to facilitate extraction of total and fraction RNA from the nucleus pulposus and compare results with the standard RNA isolation method.Materials and methods. Nucleus pulposus samples (n = 8) were obtained from September 2017 to December 2018 from patients with herniated discs in the lumbosacral spine diagnosed during surgery. Equal portions of samples were processed with the standard and original RNA isolation protocols.Results and discussion. Th e enzymatic lysis method for total and fraction RNA isolation from the nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs demonstrated excellent integrity and high purity. No protein, polysaccharide or collagen contamination was detected.Conclusion. Th e method reported allows an improved quantitative and qualitative total and fraction RNA yield from the nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs. Th e method can be used in future research on miRNA and lncRNA expression profiling with real-time PCR by improving the average cycle threshold value.

scholarly journals Leading role of the principles of interaction between the natural physical factors and integral organism in medicine of the future

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 085-105
Author(s):  
Vladimir Dodtievich Bitsoev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunnel Effect ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Josephson Effects

The paper discusses the search of evidences of advantage of the physiotherapy over the drug therapy by the parameters and treatment methods according to clinical stage of a disease development, based on the results of labor medical examination and improvement of the quality of life. The above indicators were confirmed with a high statistical accuracy by example of a new rehabilitation technology: "Underwater horizontal spine traction with underwater phototherapy to solve an essential medical and social problem: treatment of patients with degenerative and dystrophic lesions of the lumbosacral spine with herniated protrusions of intervertebral discs, being one of the most common neurological pathologies worldwide. Based on the achievements in physics, i.e. discovery of "evanescent waves", "scanning tunneling microscope"; "AC and DC Josephson effects", development of highly sensitive equipment and discovery by the author of the present article of a highly informative, non-invasive, simple, harmless method of studying the mechanism of action of physical factors on the integral organism from any part of the skin surface, i.e. "blood spectrum biopsy" displaying the complete information picture of an organism, it became possible to create a new theory of a mechanism of action of physical factors on the supramolecular level of the integral organism on the principle of "tunnel effect".

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