Improving Properties of Tool Steels by Method of Dynamic Alloying

The influence of high-speed particle fluxes on changes in the structure and properties of materials has been widely studied currently. The effect exerted by particles moving at very high speeds can have both negative (in spacecrafts) and positive character (dynamic processing of tool steels). Therefore a task for studying an effect of high-speed particle flows on structure change in tool steels and improving their performance properties has been set in the paper. The study has used an explosive method for creation of a high-speed flow of SiC + Ni and Al2O3 particles. Samples after dynamic alloying have been subjected to diffusion nitriding. Microstructure of specimens made of X12M, R18, R6M5K5steel has been studied using optical and electron metallography. Wear resistance of the samples has been also tested on a friction machine. Theoretical and experimental results on a complex effect of high-speed microparticle flows and nitriding on a structure and properties of tool steels have been obtained during the research. It has been established that dynamic alloying by particles leads to formation of a specific structure in a composite material reinforced with channels. Central fiber (channel) zone with powder particles residues is surrounded by areas of amorphous state which is succeeded by a zone with a nanocrystalline fragmented cellular structure. Then we observe a zone with a microcrystalline structure that transits to a zone with crystalline structure which is characteristic for a matrix material of structural steel. The obtained data can expand and complement some ideas about mechanisms for dynamic loading of solids and condensed matter, plastic deformation, physical mechanics of structurally inhomogeneous media at different levels, a number of effects arising from collision and ultra-deep penetration of microparticles into metals. It has been shown that wear resistance of high-speed steel subjected to dynamic alloying in the quenched state is increased by 1.2 times in comparison with wear resistance of steel alloyed in the annealing state.

Download Full-text

Structure and Properties of a Local Diffusion Discrete Coating Applied to High Speed Steel

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1037.435 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1037 ◽

pp. 435-441

Author(s):

Elena A. Chekalova ◽

A.V. Zhuravlev

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

High Speed ◽

Cutting Tool ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Oxide Coating ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Plasma Technology ◽

Ion Plasma ◽

Local Diffusion

Investigations of metallographic and mechanical properties of local diffusion discrete oxide coating on high-speed steel Р6М5 have been carried out. It was found that the technology of discrete oxidation makes it possible to increase the hardness by 31% in relation to the uncoated material, and the wear resistance of the cutting tool with oxidation is 1.5-3 times higher than that of the tool hardened by the standard ion-plasma technology.

Download Full-text

CIRCLE M

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0010 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 2 (9) ◽

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Physical Properties ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

High Production ◽

Red Hardness

Abstract CIRCLE M is a molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steel containing 9.0% cobalt. It is adapted to high production applications where increased speeds and heavy cuts necessitate unusual red-hardness and wear resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and compressive strength. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-10. Producer or source: Firth Sterling Corporation.

Download Full-text

AISI TYPE M2

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0240 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Physical Properties ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

General Purpose ◽

Steel Mills ◽

Aisi Type

Abstract AISI TYPE M2 is a molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steel with a balanced analysis which produces properties applicable to all general-purpose high-speed uses. It has an excellent balance between toughness and wear resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and compressive strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-240. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

Download Full-text

FAGERSTA WKE-45

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0317 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Red Hardness

Abstract FAGERSTA WKE-45 is a tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steel containing 11% cobalt. It has greater red hardness and more wear resistance than almost any other high-speed steel and has adequate (medium) toughness. It is used mainly for lathe tools (for example, tool bits) where maximum wear resistance and red hardness are required. It is particularly suitable for working very hard and wear-inducing materials, including stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition and hardness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-317. Producer or source: Fagersta Steels Inc..

Download Full-text

CRUCIBLE CPM REX 121

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0591 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 50 (10) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

High Temperature ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Maximum Hardness ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

Red Hardness ◽

Cutting Speeds

Abstract CPM Rex 121 is a super high-speed steel with significantly higher wear resistance and red hardness than other high-speed steels. It is best suited for applications requiring high cutting speeds. It may provide an alternative to carbide where carbide cutting edges are too fragile. The annealed hardness is approximately 350-400 HB, and maximum hardness is approximately 72 HRC. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and wear resistance as well as heat treating and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-591. Producer or source: Crucible.

Download Full-text

TATMO

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0633 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 55 (9) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Physical Properties ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

General Purpose ◽

Twist Drills

Abstract Tatmo is a general-purpose high-speed steel often used in twist drills and taps. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-633. Producer or source: Timken Latrobe Steel.

Download Full-text

LATROBE M2 EUR

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0691 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 59 (9) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Physical Properties ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

General Purpose ◽

Steel Company ◽

M2 High Speed Steel ◽

Specialty Steel

Abstract M2 EUR is the European version of the general purpose ASTM M2 high speed steel. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as heat treating and machining. Filing Code: TS-691. Producer or source: Latrobe Specialty Steel Company.

Download Full-text

CM-50

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0641 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Physical Properties ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating

Abstract CM-50 is an intermediate high-speed steel used in woodworking. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as heat treating and machining. Filing Code: TS-641. Producer or source: Timken Latrobe Steel.

Download Full-text

VANADIS 23

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0561 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 47 (10) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Powder Metallurgy ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Tool Steel ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating

Abstract Vanadis 23 is a Cr-Mo-W-Va alloyed high-speed steel made by powder metallurgy. The tool steel offers an excellent combination of wear resistance and toughness. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-561. Producer or source: Uddeholm Corporation. See also Alloy Digest TS-552, March 1997.

Download Full-text