Magnitude, bacterial etiology profile and associated factors of surgical site infection in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) affects up to one third of patients who have undergone a surgical procedure. It is a significant cause of surgical patient morbidity, mortality and human and financial costs threat. The national prevalence of surgical site infection among mothers who undergo for cesarean section and its risk factors are not well investigated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection and associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia.Methods Original articles were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases), and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist that developed according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s tests were used to check for publication bias. A fixed effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was also used to determine the association of identified variables with surgical site infection. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA software.Result From initial 179 identified articles, 11 were eligible for inclusion in the final meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was 9.72% (95%CI: 8.38, 11.05). PROM >12hrs (OR=5.02, 95%CI: 2.65, 9.51), duration of labor>24hrs (OR=3.69, 95%CI: 2.41, 5.65), chorioamnionitis (OR=9.11, 95%CI: 5.21, 15.93), anemia (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 2.42, 9.33) and having vertical skin incision (OR=4.17, 95%CI: 2.90, 6.02) were factors significantly associated with surgical site infection after cesarean section.Conclusion The prevalence of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was high. Therefore, Minister of Health with its stake holders should emphasis on community and institution based programs in manner to prevent those factors listed above that have significant effect on surgical site infection.

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Prevalence of surgical site infection and associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.14704/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Temesgen Getaneh ◽

Ayenew Negesse ◽

Getenet Dessie

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Surgical Patient ◽

Site Infection ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) affects up to one third of patients who have undergone a surgical procedure. It is a significant cause of surgical patient morbidity, mortality and human and financial costs threat. The national prevalence of surgical site infection among mothers who undergo for cesarean section and its risk factors are not well investigated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection and associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia.Methods Original articles were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases), and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist that developed according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s tests were used to check for publication bias. A fixed effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was also used to determine the association of identified variables with surgical site infection. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA software.Result From initial 179 identified articles, 11 were eligible for inclusion in the final meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was 9.72% (95%CI: 8.38, 11.05). PROM >12hrs (OR=5.02, 95%CI: 2.65, 9.51), duration of labor>24hrs (OR=3.69, 95%CI: 2.41, 5.65), chorioamnionitis (OR=9.11, 95%CI: 5.21, 15.93), anemia (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 2.42, 9.33) and having vertical skin incision (OR=4.17, 95%CI: 2.90, 6.02) were factors significantly associated with surgical site infection after cesarean section.Conclusion The prevalence of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was high. Therefore, Minister of Health with its stake holders should emphasis on community and institution based programs in manner to prevent those factors listed above that have significant effect on surgical site infection.

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Neonatal sepsis and its associated factors in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2019

10.21203/rs.2.13740/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Biruk Beletew ◽

Ayelign Kassie ◽

Mesfin Wudu kassaw ◽

Mikias Amare Getu

Keyword(s):

East Africa ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Home Delivery ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inverse Variance ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

National Prevalence

Abstract Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the most leading causes of inflated death and illness of neonates. Different primary studies in Eastern Africa showed the burden of neonatal sepsis. However, inconsistency among those studies was seen and no review has been conducted to report the amalgamated magnitude and associated factors. Therefore, this review aimed to estimate the national prevalence and associated factors of neonatal sepsis in Eastern Africa. Methods: Using PRISMA guideline, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that examined the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal sepsis from PubMed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity across the studies was evaluated using the Q and the I2 test. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to estimate the national prevalence and the effect size of associated factors. The subgroup analysis was conducted by country, study design, and year of publication. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to see publication bias. Result: A total of 26 studies with 11239 participants were used for analysis. The pooled prevalence of neonatal sepsis in East Africa was 29.65% (95% CI; 23.36–35.94).Home delivery(AOR =2.67; 95% CI: 1.15-4.00; I2= 0.0%; P=0.996), maternal history of UTI (AOR=2.083; 95% CI :0.24-3.93; I2= 69.1%; P=0.001),gestational age (preterm) (AOR=1.56; 95% CI: 1.04-2.08; I2= 27.8%;P=0.000) ,prolonged labor (AOR=3.23 ;95% CI: -0.04-6.51; I2= 62.7%; P=0.020) and PROM (AOR= 1.95; 95% CI: 0.53-3.37; I2= 43.2%; P=0.062) were identified factors of neonatal sepsis. Conclusions: The prevalence of neonatal sepsis in Eastern Africa remains high. This review may help policy-makers and program officers to design neonatal sepsis preventive interventions. Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, Eastern Africa

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Prevalence of surgical site infection and associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.14704/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Temesgen Getaneh ◽

Ayenew Negesse ◽

Getenet Dessie

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Surgical Patient ◽

Site Infection ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) affects up to one third of patients who have undergone a surgical procedure. It is a significant cause of surgical patient morbidity, mortality and human and financial costs threat. The national prevalence of surgical site infection among mothers who undergo for cesarean section and its risk factors are not well investigated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection and associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia.Methods Original articles were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases), and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist that developed according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s tests were used to check for publication bias. A fixed effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was also used to determine the association of identified variables with surgical site infection. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA software.Result From initial 179 identified articles, 11 were eligible for inclusion in the final meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was 9.72% (95%CI: 8.38, 11.05). PROM >12hrs (OR=5.02, 95%CI: 2.65, 9.51), duration of labor>24hrs (OR=3.69, 95%CI: 2.41, 5.65), chorioamnionitis (OR=9.11, 95%CI: 5.21, 15.93), anemia (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 2.42, 9.33) and having vertical skin incision (OR=4.17, 95%CI: 2.90, 6.02) were factors significantly associated with surgical site infection after cesarean section.Conclusion The prevalence of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was high. Therefore, Minister of Health with its stake holders should emphasis on community and institution based programs in manner to prevent those factors listed above that have significant effect on surgical site infection.

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Prevalence of surgical site infection and its associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.14704/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Temesgen Getaneh ◽

Ayenew Negesse ◽

Getenet Dessie

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Surgical Patient ◽

Site Infection ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) affects up to one third of patients who have undergone a surgical procedure. It is a significant cause of surgical patient morbidity, mortality and human and financial costs threat. The national prevalence of SSI among mothers who undergo for cesarean section and its risk factors are not well investigated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection and its associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia.Methods Original articles were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases), and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist that developed according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s tests were used to check for publication bias. A fixed effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was also used to determine the association of identified variables with surgical site infection. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA software.Result From initial 179 identified articles, 11 were eligible for inclusion in the final meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was 9.72% (95%CI: 8.38, 11.05). PROM >12hrs (OR=5.02, 95%CI: 2.65, 9.51), duration of labor>24hrs (OR=3.69, 95%CI: 2.41, 5.65), chorioamnionitis (OR=9.11, 95%CI: 5.21, 15.93), anemia (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 2.42, 9.33) and having vertical skin incision (OR=4.17, 95%CI: 2.90, 6.02) were factors significantly associated with surgical site infection after cesarean section.Conclusion The prevalence of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was high. Therefore, Minister of Health with its stake holders should emphasis on community and institution based programs in manner to prevent those factors listed above that have significant effect on surgical site infection.

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Prevalence of surgical site infection and its associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.14704/v5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Temesgen Getaneh ◽

Ayenew Negesse ◽

Getenet Dessie

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Surgical Patient ◽

Site Infection ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) affects up to one third of patients who have undergone a surgical procedure. It is a significant cause of surgical patient morbidity, mortality and human and financial costs threat. The national prevalence of SSI among mothers who undergo for cesarean section and its risk factors are not well investigated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection and its associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia.Methods Original articles were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases), and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist that developed according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s tests were used to check for publication bias. A fixed effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was also used to determine the association of identified variables with surgical site infection. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA software.Result From initial 179 identified articles, 11 were eligible for inclusion in the final meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was 9.72% (95%CI: 8.38, 11.05). PROM >12hrs (OR=5.02, 95%CI: 2.65, 9.51), duration of labor>24hrs (OR=3.69, 95%CI: 2.41, 5.65), chorioamnionitis (OR=9.11, 95%CI: 5.21, 15.93), anemia (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 2.42, 9.33) and having vertical skin incision (OR=4.17, 95%CI: 2.90, 6.02) were factors significantly associated with surgical site infection after cesarean section.Conclusion The prevalence of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was high. Therefore, Minister of Health with its stake holders should emphasis on community and institution based programs in manner to prevent those factors listed above that have significant effect on surgical site infection.

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Neonatal sepsis and its associated factors in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2019

10.21203/rs.2.13554/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Biruk Beletew Abate ◽

Ayelign Mengesha Kasie ◽

Mesfin Kassaw ◽

Mikiyas Amare Getu

Keyword(s):

East Africa ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Home Delivery ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inverse Variance ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

History Of

Abstract Background : Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of inflated death and illness of neonates. Different primary studies in Eastern Africa showed the burden of neonatal sepsis. However, inconsistency among those studies was seen and no review has been conducted to report the amalgamated magnitude and associated factors. Therefore, this review intended to estimate the national prevalence and associated factors of neonatal sepsis in Eastern Africa. Methods : Using PRISMA guideline, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that assessed the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal sepsis from PubMed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity across the studies was evaluated using the Q and the I 2 test. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to determine the prevalence and the effect size of associated factors. The subgroup analysis was done by country, study design, and year of publication. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to see publication bias. Result : A total of 26 studies with 11239 participants were used for analysis. The pooled prevalence of neonatal sepsis in East Africa was 29.65% (95% CI; 23.36–35.94).Home delivery(AOR =2.67; 95% CI: 1.15-4.00; I 2 = 0.0%; P=0.996), maternal history of UTI (AOR=2.083; 95% CI :0.24-3.93; I 2 = 69.1%; P=0.001),gestational age (preterm) (AOR=1.56; 95% CI: 1.04-2.08; I 2 = 27.8%;P=0.000) ,prolonged labor (AOR=3.23 ;95% CI: -0.04-6.51; I 2 = 62.7%; P=0.020) and PROM (AOR= 1.95; 95% CI: 0.53-3.37; I 2 = 43.2%; P=0.062) were identified factors of neonatal sepsis. Conclusions : The prevalence of neonatal sepsis in Eastern Africa remains high. This review may help policy-makers and program officers to design neonatal sepsis preventive interventions.

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Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03908-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zelalem Animaw ◽

Addisu Melese ◽

Habtamu Demelash ◽

Girma Seyoum ◽

Abiy Abebe

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Stool Examination ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are public health problems widely distributed in the world and cause significant morbidity and mortality; many of which occur among women of reproductive age. IPIs caused by helminthes and protozoan parasites are common among pregnant women. Data on the national pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors during pregnancy is not documented well in Ethiopia. This review aims at summarizing evidences on the burden of IPIs and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Methods Published and unpublished studies were thoroughly searched at MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Cochrane library and Science Direct. In addition, repositories of Addis Ababa, Gondar and Jimma Universities were searched. Eligible studies were selected following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites and summary odds ratios (ORs) were determined with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Sub-groups analyses were done based on study region, types of parasites, methods of stool examination and study setting. The statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 14.0 software. Results Among 168 retrieved studies, 31 studies with a total population of 12,118 pregnant women were included. The estimated pooled prevalence of IPIs among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 27.32 % (95 % CI: 20.61, 33.87 %). In the subgroup analysis, Oromia and Amhara regions had the highest prevalence with a 29.78 % (95 % CI: 15.97, 43.60) and 29.63 % (95 % CI: 15.37, 43.89); respectively. In addition, studies conducted in the community showed higher prevalence than institution based studies (49.93 % Vs 24.84 %; respectively). The most prevalent type of intestinal parasite identified were Hookworm followed by Ascaris lumbricoides with a pooled prevalence of 11.2 and 10.34 %, respectively. In our analysis; residence, being bare footed, lack of hand washing habit and eating uncooked/raw vegetables were significantly associated with IPIs among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Conclusions Prevalence of IPIs during pregnancy is relatively high in Ethiopia. Poor hygienic practices were identified as risk factors. Based on our finding, targeted preventive measures shall be considered so as to prevent morbidity and mortality due to IPIs.

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Prevalence of pneumonia and its associated factors among under five children in East Africa. Meta-analysis and systemic review

10.21203/rs.2.23015/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Biruk Beletew Abate ◽

Melaku Getahun Bimrew ◽

Ayelign Mengesha Kasie ◽

Mesfin Kassaw Wudu ◽

Molla Azmeraw

Keyword(s):

East Africa ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

The Impact ◽

National Prevalence

Abstract Introduction Pneumonia is defined as an acute inflammation of the Lungs’ parenchymal structure. It is a major public health problem and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in under-five children especially in developing countries. In 2015, it was estimated that about 102 million cases of pneumonia occurred in under-five children, of which 0.7 million were end up with death. Different primary studies in Eastern Africa showed the burden of pneumonia. However, inconsistency among those studies was seen and no review has been conducted to report the amalgamated magnitude and associated factors. Therefore, this review aimed to estimate the national prevalence and associated factors of neonatal sepsis in Eastern Africa. Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the magnitude of pneumonia and its associated factors among under-five children in East Africa. Methods Using PRISMA guideline, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that examined the prevalence and associated factors of pneumonia from PubMed, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity across the studies was evaluated using the Q and the I 2 test. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to estimate the national prevalence and the effect size of associated factors. The subgroup analysis was conducted by country, study design, and year of publication. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to see publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was also done to identify the impact of studies. Result A total of 34 studies with 87, 984 participants were used for analysis. The pooled prevalence of hypothermia in East Africa was 34% (95%CI; 23.80–44.21). Use of wood as fuel source (AOR= 1.53; 95%CI:1.30-1.77; I 2 = 0.0% ;P=0.465), cook food in living room (AOR= 1.47;95%CI:1.16-1.79; I 2 = 0.0% ;P=0.58), caring of a child on mother during cooking (AOR= 3.26; 95%CI:1.80-4.72; I 2 = 22.5% ;P=0.26), Being unvaccinated (AOR= 2.41; 95%CI:2.00-2.81; I 2 = 51.4% ;P=0.055), Child history of ARTI(AOR= 2.62; 95%CI:1.68-3.56; I 2 = 11.7% ;P=0.337) were identified factors of pneumonia. Conclusions The prevalence of pneumonia in Eastern Africa remains high. This review will help policy-makers and program officers to design pneumonia preventive interventions.

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