Low red/far-red ratio as a signal promotes carbon assimilation of soybean seedlings by increasing the photosynthetic capacity

Abstract Background: Shading includes low light intensity and varying quality. However, a low red/far-red (R/Fr) ratio of light is a signal that affects plant growth in intercropping and close- planting systems. Thus, the low R/Fr ratio uncoupling from shading conditions was assessed to identify the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation. Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber with natural solar radiation under four treatments, that is, normal (N, sunlight), N+Fr, Low (L) +Fr, and L light. Results: Results showed that low R/Fr ratio significantly increased the total biomass, leaf area, starch and sucrose contents, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II compared with normal R/Fr ratio under the same light intensity condition (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis of soybean leaves under different treatments was performed to quantify the changes in photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation in the chloroplast. Among the 7834 proteins quantified, 12 showed a > 1.3-fold change in abundance, of which 1 was related to porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, 2 were involved in photosystem I (PS I), 4 were associated with PS II, 3 proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport, and 2 were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. The dynamic change in these proteins indicates that photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation were maintained in the L treatment by up-regulating the component protein levels compared with those in N treatment. Although low R/Fr ratio increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation parameters, the differences in most protein expression levels in N+Fr and L+Fr treatments compared with those in N treatment were insignificant. Similar trends were found in gene expression through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction excluding the gene expression of sucrose synthase possible because light environment is one of the factors affecting carbon assimilation. Conclusions: These results implied that low R/Fr ratio (high Fr light) increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in the same light intensity by improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosystems.

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Low red/far-red ratio as a signal promotes carbon assimilation of soybean seedlings by increasing the photosynthetic capacity

10.21203/rs.2.12323/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Yang ◽

Qinlin Liu ◽

Yajiao Cheng ◽

Lingyang Feng ◽

Xiaoling Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Dynamic Change ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽

N Treatment ◽

Photosynthetic Co2 Assimilation

Abstract Background Shading includes low light intensity and varying quality. However, a low red/far-red (R/Fr) ratio of light is a signal that affects plant growth in intercropping and close- planting systems. Thus, the low R/Fr ratio uncoupling from shading conditions was assessed to identify the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation. Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber with natural solar radiation under four treatments, that is, normal (N, sunlight), N+Fr, Low (L) +Fr, and L light. Results Results showed that low R/Fr ratio significantly increased the total biomass, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of all starch to that of chloroplasts, starch and sucrose contents, net photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll content compared with normal R/Fr ratio under the same light intensity condition (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis of soybean leaves under different treatments was performed to quantify the changes in photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation in the chloroplast. Among the 7834 proteins quantified, 12 showed a > 1.5-fold change in abundance, of which 1 was related to porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, 2 were involved in photosystem I (PS I), 4 were associated with PS II, 3 proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport, and 2 were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. The dynamic change in these proteins indicates that photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation were maintained in the L treatment by up-regulating the component protein levels compared with those in N treatment. Although low R/Fr ratio increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation parameters, the differences in most protein expression levels in N+Fr and L+Fr treatments compared with those in N treatment were insignificant. Similar trends were found in gene expression through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction excluding the gene expression of sucrose synthase possible because light environment is one of the factors affecting carbon assimilation. Conclusions These results implied that low R/Fr ratio (high Fr light) increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in the same light intensity by improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosystems.

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Low red/far-red ratio as a signal promotes carbon assimilation of soybean seedlings by increasing the photosynthetic capacity

10.21203/rs.2.16107/v4 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Yang ◽

Qinlin Liu ◽

Yajiao Cheng ◽

Lingyang Feng ◽

Xiaoling Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Dynamic Change ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽

N Treatment ◽

Photosynthetic Co2 Assimilation

Abstract Background: Shading includes low light intensity and varying quality. However, a low red/far-red (R/Fr) ratio of light is a signal that affects plant growth in intercropping and close- planting systems. Thus, the low R/Fr ratio uncoupling from shading conditions was assessed to identify the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation. Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber with natural solar radiation under four treatments, that is, normal (N, sunlight), N+Fr, Low (L) +Fr, and L light. Results: Low R/Fr ratio significantly increased the total biomass, leaf area, starch and sucrose contents, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II compared with normal R/Fr ratio under the same light level (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis of soybean leaves under different treatments was performed to quantify the changes in photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation in the chloroplast. Among the 7834 proteins quantified, 12 showed a > 1.3-fold change in abundance, of which 1 was related to porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, 2 were involved in photosystem I (PS I), 4 were associated with PS II, 3 proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport, and 2 were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. The dynamic change in these proteins indicates that photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation were maintained in the L treatment by up-regulating the component protein levels compared with those in N treatment. Although low R/Fr ratio increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation parameters, the differences in most protein expression levels in N+Fr and L+Fr treatments compared with those in N treatment were insignificant. Similar trends were found in gene expression through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction excluding the gene expression of sucrose synthase possible because light environment is one of the factors affecting carbon assimilation. Conclusions: Low R/Fr ratio (high Fr light) can increase the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in the same light intensity by improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosystems.

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Low red/far-red ratio as a signal promotes carbon assimilation of soybean seedlings by increasing the photosynthetic capacity

10.21203/rs.2.16107/v5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Yang ◽

Qinlin Liu ◽

Yajiao Cheng ◽

Lingyang Feng ◽

Xiaoling Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Dynamic Change ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽

N Treatment ◽

Photosynthetic Co2 Assimilation

Abstract Background: Shading includes low light intensity and varying quality. However, a low red/far-red (R/Fr) ratio of light is a signal that affects plant growth in intercropping and close- planting systems. Thus, the low R/Fr ratio uncoupling from shading conditions was assessed to identify the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation. Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber with natural solar radiation under four treatments, that is, normal (N, sunlight), N+Fr, Low (L) +Fr, and L light. Results: Low R/Fr ratio significantly increased the total biomass, leaf area, starch and sucrose contents, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II compared with normal R/Fr ratio under the same light level (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis of soybean leaves under different treatments was performed to quantify the changes in photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation in the chloroplast. Among the 7834 proteins quantified, 12 showed a > 1.3-fold change in abundance, of which 1 was related to porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, 2 were involved in photosystem I (PS I), 4 were associated with PS II, 3 proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport, and 2 were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. The dynamic change in these proteins indicates that photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation were maintained in the L treatment by up-regulating the component protein levels compared with those in N treatment. Although low R/Fr ratio increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation parameters, the differences in most protein expression levels in N+Fr and L+Fr treatments compared with those in N treatment were insignificant. Similar trends were found in gene expression through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction excluding the gene expression of sucrose synthase possible because light environment is one of the factors affecting carbon assimilation. Conclusions: Low R/Fr ratio (high Fr light) can increase the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in the same light intensity by improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosystems.

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Low red/far-red ratio as a signal promotes carbon assimilation of soybean seedlings by increasing the photosynthetic capacity

10.21203/rs.2.16107/v6 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Yang ◽

Qinlin Liu ◽

Yajiao Cheng ◽

Lingyang Feng ◽

Xiaoling Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Dynamic Change ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽

N Treatment ◽

Photosynthetic Co2 Assimilation

Abstract Background: Shading includes low light intensity and varying quality. However, a low red/far-red (R/Fr) ratio of light is a signal that affects plant growth in intercropping and close- planting systems. Thus, the low R/Fr ratio uncoupling from shading conditions was assessed to identify the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation. Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber with natural solar radiation under four treatments, that is, normal (N, sunlight), N+Fr, Low (L) +Fr, and L light. Results: Low R/Fr ratio significantly increased the total biomass, leaf area, starch and sucrose contents, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II compared with normal R/Fr ratio under the same light level (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis of soybean leaves under different treatments was performed to quantify the changes in photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation in the chloroplast. Among the 7834 proteins quantified, 12 showed a > 1.3-fold change in abundance, of which 1 was related to porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, 2 were involved in photosystem I (PS I), 4 were associated with PS II, 3 proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport, and 2 were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. The dynamic change in these proteins indicates that photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation were maintained in the L treatment by up-regulating the component protein levels compared with those in N treatment. Although low R/Fr ratio increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation parameters, the differences in most protein expression levels in N+Fr and L+Fr treatments compared with those in N treatment were insignificant. Similar trends were found in gene expression through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction excluding the gene expression of sucrose synthase possible because light environment is one of the factors affecting carbon assimilation. Conclusions: Low R/Fr ratio (high Fr light) can increase the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in the same light intensity by improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosystems.

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Low red/far-red ratio as a signal promotes carbon assimilation of soybean seedlings by increasing the photosynthetic capacity

10.21203/rs.2.16107/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Yang ◽

Qinlin Liu ◽

Yajiao Cheng ◽

Lingyang Feng ◽

Xiaoling Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Dynamic Change ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽

N Treatment ◽

Photosynthetic Co2 Assimilation

Abstract Background: Shading includes low light intensity and varying quality. However, a low red/far-red (R/Fr) ratio of light is a signal that affects plant growth in intercropping and close- planting systems. Thus, the low R/Fr ratio uncoupling from shading conditions was assessed to identify the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation. Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber with natural solar radiation under four treatments, that is, normal (N, sunlight), N+Fr, Low (L) +Fr, and L light. Results: Low R/Fr ratio significantly increased the total biomass, leaf area, starch and sucrose contents, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II compared with normal R/Fr ratio under the same light level (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis of soybean leaves under different treatments was performed to quantify the changes in photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation in the chloroplast. Among the 7834 proteins quantified, 12 showed a > 1.3-fold change in abundance, of which 1 was related to porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, 2 were involved in photosystem I (PS I), 4 were associated with PS II, 3 proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport, and 2 were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. The dynamic change in these proteins indicates that photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation were maintained in the L treatment by up-regulating the component protein levels compared with those in N treatment. Although low R/Fr ratio increased the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation parameters, the differences in most protein expression levels in N+Fr and L+Fr treatments compared with those in N treatment were insignificant. Similar trends were found in gene expression through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction excluding the gene expression of sucrose synthase possible because light environment is one of the factors affecting carbon assimilation. Conclusions: Low R/Fr ratio (high Fr light) can increase the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in the same light intensity by improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosystems.

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Low red/far-red ratio as a signal promotes carbon assimilation of soybean seedlings by increasing the photosynthetic capacity

10.21203/rs.2.16107/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Yang ◽

Qinlin Liu ◽

Yajiao Cheng ◽

Lingyang Feng ◽

Xiaoling Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Dynamic Change ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽

Soybean Seedlings ◽

N Treatment

Abstract Background: Shading includes low light intensity and varying quality. However, a low red/far-red (R/Fr) ratio of light is a signal that affects plant growth in intercropping and close- planting systems. Thus, the low R/Fr ratio uncoupling from shading conditions was assessed to identify the effect of light quality on photosynthesis and CO 2 assimilation. Soybean plants were grown in a growth chamber with natural solar radiation under four treatments, that is, normal (N, sunlight), N+Fr, Low (L) +Fr, and L light. Results: Results showed that low R/Fr ratio significantly increased the total biomass, leaf area, starch and sucrose contents, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II compared with normal R/Fr ratio under the same light intensity condition (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis of soybean leaves under different treatments was performed to quantify the changes in photosynthesis and CO 2 assimilation in the chloroplast. Among the 7834 proteins quantified, 12 showed a > 1.3-fold change in abundance, of which 1 was related to porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, 2 were involved in photosystem I (PS I), 4 were associated with PS II, 3 proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport, and 2 were involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. The dynamic change in these proteins indicates that photosynthesis and CO 2 assimilation were maintained in the L treatment by up-regulating the component protein levels compared with those in N treatment. Although low R/Fr ratio increased the photosynthetic CO 2 assimilation parameters, the differences in most protein expression levels in N+Fr and L+Fr treatments compared with those in N treatment were insignificant. Similar trends were found in gene expression through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction excluding the gene expression of sucrose synthase possible because light environment is one of the factors affecting carbon assimilation. Conclusions: These results implied that low R/Fr ratio (high Fr light) increased the photosynthetic CO 2 assimilation in the same light intensity by improving the photosynthetic efficiency of the photosystems.

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Adaptive changes in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic features to low light in Physocarpus amurensis Maxim and Physocarpus opulifolius “Diabolo”

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.2125 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. e2125 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Huihui Zhang ◽

Haixiu Zhong ◽

JIfeng Wang ◽

Xin Sui ◽

Nan Xu

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Low Light ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Low Light Intensity ◽

Photosynthetic Carbon ◽

Physocarpus Opulifolius ◽

Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation ◽

Assimilation Capacity

The present study aims to investigate the differences in leaf pigment content and the photosynthetic characteristics under natural and low light intensities between the Chinese nativePhysocarpus amurensis Maximand the importedPhysocarpus opulifolius“Diabolo” from North America. We aim to discuss the responses and the adaptive mechanism of these two cultivars ofPhysocarpusto a low light environment. The results show that the specific leaf area (SLA) and the chlorophyll content were significantly increased in the leaves of bothPhysocarpuscultivars in response to a low light intensity, and the SLA and chlorophyll content were higher in the leaves of low light-treatedP. opulifolius“Diabolo” compared with the leaves of low light-treatedP. amurensis Maxim. Moreover, the content of anthocyanin was markedly reduced in the leaves ofP. opulifolius“Diabolo” under low light intensity, which allowed for a greater capacity of photon capture under the low light condition. Under natural light, the photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity was greater in the leaves ofP. amurensis Maximcompared with the leaves ofP. opulifolius“Diabolo” that were rich with anthocyanin. However, in response to low light, AQY,Pmax, LCP and LSP decreased to a lesser extent in the leaves ofP. opulifolius“Diabolo” compared with the leaves ofP. amurensis Maxim. These results suggest thatP. opulifolius“Diabolo” exhibits a greater ability in adaption to low light, and it is probably related to the relatively higher chlorophyll content and the smaller SLA in the leaves ofP. opulifolius“Diabolo.” In addition, the low light intensity resulted in a reduced photochemical activity of photosystem (PS) II in the leaves of bothPhysocarpus, as evidenced by increased values of the relative variable fluorescence at point J and point I on the OJIP curve. This result suggests that the electron acceptor in PS II was the major responsive site to the low light stress in the leaves of bothPhysocarpuscultivars, and that the low light intensity significantly inhibited electron transfer on the acceptor side of PS II and reduced the activity of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in the leaves of bothPhysocarpuscultivars. The PS II function inP. opulifolius“Diabolo” was higher than that inP. amurensis Maximin response to low light. Under low light, the composition of photosynthetic pigments was altered in the leaves ofP. opulifolius“Diabolo” in order to maintain a relatively high activity of primary photochemical reactions, and this is the basis of the greater photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity and one of the main reasons for the better shade-tolerance inP. opulifolius“Diabolo.”

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