scholarly journals Rural-Urban Inequalities in Poor Self-Rated Health, Self-reported Functional Disabilities and Depression Among Chinese Older Adults: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 and 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiting Jiang ◽  
Bo Burström ◽  
Jiaying Chen ◽  
Kristina Burström
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Household Registration ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Functional Disabilities

Abstract BackgroundRural-urban inequalities in health among older adults in China have not been extensively studied from the national perspective. In particular, studies have not taken into account combinations of Hukou (household registration system in China) and actual residence, which may be important so as not to underestimate rural-urban differences. This study investigates rural-urban inequalities in prevalence of poor self-rated health, self-reported functional disabilities and depression among Chinese older adults in 2011 and 2015, and analyses sociodemographic determinants of rural-urban inequalities in self-reported health outcomes. MethodsData from the nationwide China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), on older adults aged 60 years and above in CHARLS 2011 and CHARLS 2015 were used. Only rural residents with rural Hukou and urban residents with urban Hukou were included. Sociodemographic factors, including age, sex, marital status, living arrangement, living near children, educational level and income were studied. Self-Rated Health (SRH) was assessed with a single question. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) were used to measure self-reported functional abilities. The 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to measure self-reported depression. ResultsRural respondents had poorer socioeconomic status and higher prevalence of poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression than urban respondents. The levels of functional disabilities, both BADLs and IADLs, were similar in 2011 and 2015, while the prevalence of poor SRH and self-reported depression was lower in 2015, both among rural and urban respondents. Impairments increased with age and appeared at younger age among rural respondents compared to urban respondents. Being female, unmarried, with low educational level and low income increased the odds ratios of reporting poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression. Sensitivity analyses using only Hukou registration resulted in underestimation of rural-urban differences. ConclusionsThere were large rural-urban inequalities in poor SRH, self-reported functional disabilities and depression that were closely related to rural-urban differences in educational level and income. Key words : China; depression; functional ability; health inequalities; household registration system; older adults; rural-urban; self-rated health; social determinants of health

scholarly journals Rural-urban inequalities in poor self-rated health, functional disabilities and depression among Chinese older adults: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 and 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiting Jiang ◽  
Bo Burström ◽  
Jiaying Chen ◽  
Kristina Burström
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Functional Disabilities

Abstract Background: The demand for healthcare and social services increases with the aging of the population and functional disabilities among older adults. Rural-urban inequalities in health have not been extensively studied previously from the national perspective, especially after classifying the effects of Hukou (household registration system in China) and residence. This study investigates rural-urban inequalities in prevalence of poor self-rated health, functional disabilities and self-reported depression among Chinese older adults and analyses determinants of rural-urban inequalities in self-reported health outcomes. Methods: The data originate from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which started in 2011 and collects data every two years, a representative sample in 28 provinces in China. Older adults aged 60 years and above in CHARLS 2011 and CHARLS 2015 were studied. Sociodemographic factors were studied, including age, sex, marital status, living arrangement, living near children, educational level and income. Self-Rated Health (SRH) was assessed with a single question. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) were used to measure self-reported functional abilities. The 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to measure self-reported depression. Results: Rural respondents had poor socioeconomic status and higher prevalence of poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression than urban respondents. The levels of functional disabilities, both BADLs and IADLs, were similar in 2011 and 2015, while the prevalence of poor SRH and self-reported depression were lower in 2015, both among rural and urban respondents. Impairments increased with age, and appeared at younger age among rural respondents compared to urban respondents. Being female, unmarried, with low educational level and low income increased the odds ratios of reporting poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression. Living arrangement and living near children did not have significant impacts on health outcomes. Conclusions: Rural-urban inequalities in poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression were mainly related to educational level and income.

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Inequalities in Poor Self-Rated Health, Self-Reported Functional Disabilities, and Depression among Chinese Older Adults: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 and 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6557
Author(s):  
Haiting Jiang ◽  
Bo Burström ◽  
Jiaying Chen ◽  
Kristina Burström
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Functional Disabilities

The household registration system (Hukou) in China classifies persons into rural or urban citizens and determines eligibility for state-provided services and welfare. Not taking actual residence into account may underestimate rural–urban differences. This study investigates rural–urban inequalities in self-reported health outcomes among older adults aged 60+, taking into account both Hukou and actual residence, adjusting for sociodemographic determinants, based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011 and 2015. Self-Rated Health (SRH) was assessed with a single question, functional abilities were assessed with the Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) scales, and depression was assessed with the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Rural respondents had poorer socioeconomic status and higher prevalence of poor SRH, functional disabilities, and depression than urban respondents in both years, which were closely related to rural–urban differences in educational level and income. Impairments appeared at a younger age among rural respondents. Analyses using only Hukou registration and not actual residence resulted in underestimation of rural–urban differences. This study may serve as a basis for interventions to address rural–urban differences in health and social services and reduce health inequalities among Chinese older adults.

Dynamics of activities of daily living performance in institutionalized older adults: A two-year longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Jerez-Roig ◽  
Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo Ferreira ◽  
José Rodolfo Torres de Araújo ◽  
Kenio Costa Lima
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living

scholarly journals Racial/ethnic differences in activities of daily living disability in older adults with arthritis: A longitudinal study

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1058-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Song ◽  
Huan J. Chang ◽  
Manasi Tirodkar ◽  
Rowland W. Chang ◽  
Larry M. Manheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Association between cognitive declines and disability in activities of daily living in older adults with COPD: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e040098
Author(s):  
Bingyan Gong ◽  
Shaomei Shang ◽  
Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adl Disability

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between disability and domain-specific cognitive function in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).DesignCross-sectional analyses combined with retrospective longitudinal analyses.SettingWe included 450 communities in China.ParticipantsIn this study, 1022 (mean age: 68.6±6.3; 612 males) and 152 (mean age: 67.0±5.2; 83 males) older adults with COPD from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included in a cross-sectional multivariate linear regression analysis and a longitudinal logistic regression analysis, respectively.Outcome measuresDisability was determined by the difficulty or inability to complete 1 of the 12 activity items in basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL. The cognitive dimensions of episodic memory, attention/numerical ability, orientation to time, and visuospatial ability were assessed via the immediate/delayed recall task, serial sevens task, naming the current date and pentagon-figure-drawing tasks, respectively.ResultsOf 1022 older respondents with COPD at wave-4, 48.5% had ADL disability. Declines in the global cognitive function (β (95% CI)=−0.627 (−1.214 to –0.040)), orientation to time (β (95% CI)=−0.207 (−0.364 to –0.050)) and visuospatial ability (β (95% CI)=−0.068 (−0.127 to –0.009)) were significantly associated with the presence of ADL disability, when demographic and health-related variables were adjusted. Of 152 older participants with COPD and without ADL disability in wave-2, 61 (40.1 %) developed disability over a 2-year follow-up. Relative to the participants without a decline in orientation to tine, those with the condition had greater odds of incidence of ADL disability increased by a factor of about 1.46 over a 2-year follow-up.ConclusionsIn older adults with COPD, orientation to time and visuospatial inability are vulnerable to the presence of a disability. Prevention of a decline in orientation to time might help prevent disability in older people with COPD.

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