scholarly journals Chronic Pain Alters Somatosensory Evoked Potentials and Paired-pulse Inhibition in Athlete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koya Yamashiro ◽  
Kanako Siiya ◽  
Koyuki Ikarashi ◽  
Yasuhiro Baba ◽  
Tomomi Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
Electrical Stimulator ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulse Stimulation

Abstract Injuries are inevitable for athletes, and when injuries end up causing chronic pain, they usually force athletes to withdraw from training. Chronic pain is known to be caused by plastic changes in the brain; thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and the paired-pulse inhibition (PPI) in athletes suffering from chronic pain as compared to pain-free athletes. Twenty track and field (T&F) athletes, that were also undergraduate students, were recruited for this study. These athletes (12 men; 8 women) were divided into two groups of 10 based on their self-reporting of actively experiencing chronic pain (defined as pain that persisted for more than 3 months) or not. Both SEP and PPI in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) were elicited by constant current square-wave pulses (of 0.2 ms duration) that were delivered to the right median nerve by an electrical stimulator through a surface bar electrode with a cathode proximal. Paired-pulse stimulation was set at interstimulus intervals of 30 and 100 ms. Subjects were randomly presented with 1,500 single- and paired-pulse stimuli at 2 Hz. Our measurements demonstrated a trend toward a lower N20 and P25 amplitude as well as a disinhibition of the PPI_30 ms in the athletes suffering from chronic pain. These findings suggest that chronic pain may modulate excitatory and inhibitory function of the SI in athletes as well as in patients suffering from complex regional pain syndrome or fibromyalgia.

scholarly journals Psychological aspects in the rehabilitation of patients with chronic back pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
A. A. Voropaev ◽  
M. Yu. Gerasimenko ◽  
G. E. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Structural Theory ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Neural Network Modeling ◽  
Neurophysiological Study ◽  
Neurophysiological Studies ◽  
The Right

Background. The relevance of the work is associated with the high prevalence and socio-economic significance of chronic pain. The number of analgesics consumed in the world is estimated in the tens of tonns. Hardware effects, including neurosurgical interventions, are not always effective and are associated with many side effects of complications. Existing therapeutic and surgical approaches to the treatment of chronic pain require additions. In this regard, the information and structural theory of pain was developed, revealing the information processes occurring in the Central nervous system against the background of chronic pain, as well as the theory of psychological types and information metabolism. In this case, it is easier not to look for the right solution, but to create a mechanism that will come up with a method for finding the right solution. A neural network is one of the ways to implement artificial intelligence (AI). It studies methods for building algorithms that can learn independently. This is necessary if there is no clear solution to any problem. Aims: based on the comparison of data from neuropsychological, clinical and neurophysiological studies, as well as mathematical (neural network) modeling of chronic pain, to identify information and structural justification and practical application of psychoalgology. Methods. A total of A total of 105 patients diagnosed with Dorsopathy (M54.4; M51.1, M54.1) were studied. 50 men and 55 women, men: average age 49 0.5 years; women: average age 52 1.6 years. Assessment of the level of reactive and personal anxiety using the adapted SpielbergerHanin questionnaire, the SAN test, and the assessment of vegetative status using the vegetative questionnaire by A.M. Wein. Neuroimaging research: CT, MRI of the brain and spine for diagnostic purposes. The neurophysiological study consisted of EEG, TCD, duplex scanning of the craniocervical junction vessels. For a more detailed assessment, a neural network analyzer of lumbar pain was used, which allows predicting its course. Results. A clinical and neurophysiological study of patients with back pain revealed that, along with other disorders of cerebral neurodynamics, a large role is played by lateralization of cerebral neurodynamics (asymmetry), which is manifested by more pronounced changes in the EEG in the contralateral hemisphere. When studying the subjective state of patients, two main types of disorders were distinguished: the type of associated and the type of non-associated mental disorders. As a result of the analysis of mathematical (neural network) algorithms of pain syndromes, clinical and neurophysiological studies, new principles of chronization of the pathological process with the transformation of the pain syndrome into an independent psychological disease were formulated. ALGIC DISEASE is characterized by a pronounced clinical polymorphism due to complex information-structural interactions of dominant and subdominant zones and characterized by: 1) heterogeneity and chaotic spatial parameters of pain in relation to the zones of innervation of nociogenic structures; 2) non-topological time parameters of peripheral and Central sensitization with increased pain from instant to prolonged; 3) mutual suppression, displacement, migration of pain centers; 4) changing the monocausal dependence of the polycausal pain syndrome with the possibility of a reverse process in the process of regional integrative measures with a multidisciplinary approach; 5) the relationship of chronic pain with pronounced cognitive, emotional and vegetative reactions. Conclusions. Based on the information and structural theory of pain, the results of research and the proposed psychoalgological approach, the principles of building a rehabilitation program for patients with chronic pain are formulated, which consists in a complex effect on nociogenic structures of types 1, 2 and 3 in combination with the modification of patient behavior through individually selected psychotherapeutic techniques.

scholarly journals Disruption of Inhibition in Area CA1 of the Hippocampus in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 2231-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Denslow ◽  
Tore Eid ◽  
Fu Du ◽  
Robert Schwarcz ◽  
Eric W. Lothman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Inhibitory Interneurons ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
Electrolytic Lesions ◽  
Pulse Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Previous studies have revealed a loss of neurons in layer III of the entorhinal cortex (EC) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. These neurons project to the hippocampus and may activate inhibitory interneurons, so that their loss could disrupt inhibitory function in the hippocampus. The present study evaluates this hypothesis in a rat model in which layer III neurons were selectively destroyed by focal injections of the indirect excitotoxin, aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA). Inhibitory function in the hippocampus was assessed by evaluating the discharge of CA1 neurons in response to stimulation of afferent pathways in vivo. In control animals, stimulation of the temporo-ammonic pathway leads to heterosynaptic inhibition of population spikes generated by subsequent stimulation of the commissural projection to CA1. This heterosynaptic inhibition was substantially reduced in animals that had received AOAA injections 1 mo previously. Stimulation of the commissural projection also elicited multiple population spikes in CA1 in AOAA-injected animals, and homosynaptic inhibition in response to paired-pulse stimulation of the commissural projection was dramatically diminished. These results suggest a disruption of inhibitory function in CA1 in AOAA-injected animals. To determine whether the disruption of inhibition occurred selectively in CA1, we assessed paired-pulse inhibition in the dentate gyrus. Both homosynaptic inhibition generated by paired-pulse stimulation of the perforant path, and heterosynaptic inhibition produced by activation of the commissural projection to the dentate gyrus appeared largely comparable in AOAA-injected and control animals; thus abnormalities in inhibitory function following AOAA injections occurred relatively selectively in CA1. Electrolytic lesions of the EC did not cause the same loss of inhibition as seen in animals with AOAA injections, indicating that the loss of inhibition in CA1 is not due to the loss of excitatory driving of inhibitory interneurons. Also, electrolytic lesions of the EC in animals that had been injected previously with AOAA had little effect on the abnormal physiological responses in CA1, suggesting that most alterations in inhibition in CA1 are not due to circuit abnormalities within the EC. Comparisons of control and AOAA-injected animals in a hippocampal kindling paradigm revealed that the duration of afterdischarges elicited by high-frequency stimulation of CA3, and the number of stimulations required to elicit kindled seizures were comparable. Taken together, our results reveal that the selective loss of layer III neurons induced by AOAA disrupts inhibitory function in CA1, but this does not create a circuit that is more prone to at least one form of kindling.

CHRONIC PAIN SYNDROME IN PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGICAL PALLIATIVE PATIENTS IN RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
A.V. Pshonkin ◽  
◽  
I.V. Serkova ◽  
N.V. Myakova ◽  
N.N. Kotskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Pain Syndrome ◽  
Palliative Patients

scholarly journals Prospects for the Personalized Multimodal Therapy Approach to Pain Management via Action on NO and NOS

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2431
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Shnayder ◽  
Marina M. Petrova ◽  
Tatiana E. Popova ◽  
Tatiana K. Davidova ◽  
Olga P. Bobrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
Nos Inhibitors ◽  
Peripheral Pain

Chronic pain syndromes are an important medical problem generated by various molecular, genetic, and pathophysiologic mechanisms. Back pain, neuropathic pain, and posttraumatic pain are the most important pathological processes associated with chronic pain in adults. Standard approaches to the treatment of them do not solve the problem of pain chronicity. This is the reason for the search for new personalized strategies for the prevention and treatment of chronic pain. The nitric oxide (NO) system can play one of the key roles in the development of peripheral pain and its chronicity. The purpose of the study is to review publications devoted to changes in the NO system in patients with peripheral chronical pain syndromes. We have carried out a search for the articles published in e-Library, PubMed, Oxford Press, Clinical Case, Springer, Elsevier, and Google Scholar databases. The search was carried out using keywords and their combinations. The role of NO and NO synthases (NOS) isoforms in peripheral pain development and chronicity was demonstrated primarily from animal models to humans. The most studied is the neuronal NOS (nNOS). The role of inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS) is still under investigation. Associative genetic studies have shown that single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 genes encoding nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS may be associated with acute and chronic peripheral pain. Prospects for the use of NOS inhibitors to modulate the effect of drugs used to treat peripheral pain syndrome are discussed. Associative genetic studies of SNVs NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 genes are important for understanding genetic predictors of peripheral pain chronicity and development of new personalized pharmacotherapy strategies.

scholarly journals Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome: a proposal for Failed Back Surgery Syndrome and ICD-11

Pain Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Christelis ◽  
Brian Simpson ◽  
Marc Russo ◽  
Michael Stanton-Hicks ◽  
Giancarlo Barolat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Failed Back Surgery ◽  
Back Surgery ◽  
Spinal Pain Syndrome

Abstract Objective For many medical professionals dealing with patients with persistent pain following spine surgery, the term failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) as a diagnostic label is inadequate, misleading and potentially troublesome. It misrepresents causation. Alternative terms have been suggested but none has replaced FBSS. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) published a revised classification of chronic pain, as part of the new International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), which has been accepted by the World Health Organization (WHO). This includes the term Chronic pain after spinal surgery (CPSS), which is suggested as a replacement for FBSS. Methods This article provides arguments and rationale for a replacement definition. In order to propose a broadly applicable yet more precise and clinically informative term, an international group of experts was established. Results 14 candidate replacement terms were considered and ranked. The application of agreed criteria reduced this to a shortlist of four. A preferred option – Persistent spinal pain syndrome – was selected by a structured workshop and Delphi process. We provide rationale for using Persistent spinal pain syndrome and a schema for its incorporation into ICD-11. We propose the adoption of this term would strengthen the new ICD-11 classification. Conclusions This project is important to those in the fields of pain management, spine surgery and neuromodulation, as well as patients labelled with FBSS. Through a shift in perspective it could facilitate the application of the new ICD-11 classification and allow clearer discussion amongst medical professionals, industry, funding organisations, academia, and the legal profession.

scholarly journals Venipuncture Induced Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Presenting as Inflammatory Arthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Punit Pruthi ◽  
Pramod Arora ◽  
Manoj Mittal ◽  
Anugrah Nair ◽  
Waqia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography ◽  
The Right

Venipuncture is one of the most commonly done medical procedures. We report a unique case of a 23-year-old young male who presented with features suggestive of inflammatory arthritis. The symptoms, which initially started on the right side, also involved the other side after a few weeks. Although the patient’s symptoms and signs were simulating inflammatory arthritis, he had atypical features like poor response to anti-inflammatory medicines and normal laboratory parameters. His musculoskeletal ultrasonography was also not suggestive of arthritis. His history was reviewed and on direct questioning he revealed a history of venipuncture for blood sample withdrawal, done from right antecubital region for routine health check on the day prior to the onset of symptoms. Complex regional pain syndrome was suspected and triple-phase radioisotope bone scan was done which was highly suggestive of this diagnosis. The patient was managed with multidimensional approach and responded very well to the treatment. Complex regional pain syndrome is usually not thought of in the initial differential diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis. In this report we highlight the need to elicit the often overlooked history of trivial trauma like venipuncture, especially in atypical cases of arthritis. Also the role of newer diagnostic modalities in such cases is emphasized.

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