KONSEP TEORI ETNOMETHODOLOGI DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: SEJARAH MUNCULNYA TEORI ETNOMETHODOLOG, KONSEP DASAR, TOKOH-TOKOH DAN IMPLEMENTASI TEORI DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Ethnomethodology is the study of everyday practices carried out by members of society in everyday life. Actors are seen to do their everyday life through various kinds of ingenious practices. Ethnomethodology develops in various ways. The two main types are institutional studies and conversational analysis. Ethnomethodology has a different perspective from structural and interactionist theories in viewing social reality. As explained above, structural theory sees the most significant picture of human social life in the external forces that compel the individual. Therefore, to understand social behavior, an understanding of structural determination in human life must be developed. Meanwhile, for interactionists, actors (individuals) are viewed as priority objects. So, this theory builds a comprehension by first understanding individual social actions.

Persebaran Penyakit di Kawasan Laut Jawa Abad XIX - XX

This article discussed about the process of diseases spreading along the Java Sea area during the 19th and the early 20th century. This study utilized historical method with an aim to reconstruct past events, especially on the outbreaks happened in the Java Sea area and how the colonial governmnet dealt with the occurrence. The article applied Braudel’s structural theory (1988) to analyze the existence of structures, which were taking a role in the process of diseases spreading. This analysis was supported by the concept of ‘silent barter’, developed by Knapen (1995) as a benchmark to determine factors that caused the spread. The results allowed us to discover that the dynamics of shipping and trading in the Java Sea at that time were part of the whole pandemic situation. There were at least two diseases discussed as the main focus of this article, smallpox and cholera, as these two severely affected the trading and shipping activity. These diseases were carried by the crews of ships escaping the quarantine doctors who carried out medical examination at various ports. Several ports in Java, such as Batavia, Semarang, Cirebon, and Surabaya, had become the epicenters of the outbreak. The government applied a regulation to attached a yellow flag to the ship contaminated by the plague before they entered the port area. The yellow flag functioned as an identifying marker. The regulation was supposed to limit the spread of diseases from the coastal area of Java to the mainland, as well as to gain more attention from other ships and doctors resided near the ports. The yellow flag system made it easier for the government and doctors to handle smallpox and cholera outbreaks, even though there had been some aberrations in economic activities in this area.

Product Space Singular Integrals with Mild Kernel Regularity

We develop product space theory of singular integrals with mild kernel regularity. We study these kernel regularity questions specifically in situations that are very tied to the T1 type arguments and the corresponding structural theory. In addition, our results are multilinear.

Proposal of a Model from the Perspective of Parsons Functional-Structural Theory

Taking into consideration the use of the systemic models in interdisciplinary research and education, we analyze the perception of the musical act developed by Talcott Parsons in 1959, based on his Structural-Functional Theory for the social analysis of 1951. In this article, the creative act of the develops considering the demands of his role as a composer and performer, and the conditions the society at large imposed. This relationship also involves the interpretation of the inherited musical culture and is related to the composing skills of the author, the instrumental technique of the performer, and musical intelligence. As a case study, we take the emergence of the Mexican bolero to illustrate it. From this sociological approach, we can understand the identity of the Mexican bolero as a product of an era, in which both the composition and the musical performance are adapted to their cultural environment and are part of the society and its structure. Based on Parsons' proposal, we created a conceptual systemic model through four modules: Personal, Behavioral, Social, and Cultural. This model also represents the internalization, learning and socializations processes, which were the interrelationships between the systems for Parsons. Later we began to develop it in a computational systemic model, in which it is intended to measure the different variables of the musical act system, considering different contexts and temporal spaces.

The degree of Arabic language teachers' practice of constructivist teaching methods in Jeddah: درجة ممارسة معلمات اللغة العربية لأساليب التدريس البنائي بمدينة جدة

The aim of the study is to know the degree of practice of Arabic teachers in Jeddah for structural teaching methods at various educational stages, and the researcher followed the descriptive curriculum survey in this study, and to achieve the goal of the study the researcher built (questionnaire) By referring to previous studies and theoretical literature, the questionnaire in its final form was made up of two parts: the first contains the basic information of the study sample of 46 teachers The second consists of (27) irrigated practices of structural teaching methods, and the results have resulted in the fact that the degree of practice of Arabic teachers of structural teaching methods was 3.26 in a very high category; this indicates a high degree of study sample practice of structural theory methods. The study recommended several recommendations, including: encouraging teachers to practice structural teaching methods while teaching them.

Antologi Puisi Membaca Lambang Analisis Citra Wilayah Pesisir

This article discusses images of coastal areas from the poetry anthology Membaca Lambang by Acep Zamzam Noor. The focus of this research is two things, namely to reveal the structure and to reveal the image of the coastal area in the poetry anthology Membaca Lambang. The analysis technique used in this research is purposive sampling technique. The method used to collect data is the literature study method. Description method is used to analyze data. The analysis of the twelve poems which cover the use of structural theory (five strata of norms) from Roman Ingarden and literary ecology by Suwardi Endraswara. Based on the analysis, it was found that the anthology structure of Membaca Lambang poetry was formed into five norms, namely the first layer (sound), the second layer (meaning), the third layer (background, actors, and the world of the author), the fourth layer (world), and the fifth layer metaphysical. Furthermore, the image of the coastal area is clearly depicted in each poem. One of the reasons for this is through the use of diction such as bays, docks, ports, and beaches. The coastal areas that appear include, ecological images, elegance-humanity, and religiosity.

Tafsir Tari Zapin Arab dan Melayu dalam Masyarakat Melayu

This article aims to describe and interpret the Zapin Arab and Zapin Malay dances. Zapin dance comes from Arabic and developed within the scope of the Malay community. At first the Zapin dance culture was brought by merchants from Gujarat to various regions in the archipelago in the XV century. Zapin dance has a heroic background, because the movement was originally a sense of uplifting the spirit of the companions of the prophet for war. The development of Zapin Arabic and Malay dances are both expressed in the form of performing arts. The problem in this research is focused on the structure of the Malay zapin dance. In order to approach this problem, the structuralism theory reference from Levi Strauss' model is used. Structural theory is applied to describe Malay society. The data were collected through statements and experiences of sources, observation, and document review, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Data analysis uses textual and contestual interpretations, namely interpreting denotative and connotative structures. This study concludes that, (1) the Arabic Zapin dance has Arabic cultural content, and (2) the Malay Zapin dance is an Islamic expression of Malay culture.

PERUBAHAN FONOLOGI DALAM BAHASA DUANO DAN BAHASA MELAYU

The Orang Asli, who are considered minorities in Malaysia, is divided into three groups – the Negrito, Senoi and Proto-Malays. Each group has its language used during oral communication. The Duano language is one of the indigenous languages under the Proto-Malay group. The language is classified under the Austronesian family of languages, similar to the Malay language. The Duano language is the language of the indigenous people who dwell in the state of Johor. Based on the scale presented by EGIDS in “Ethnologue” (2021), the Duano language is at risk of becoming moribund. Researchers also found that deep comparative studies of the phonological systems to be limited. Hence, this paper aims to examine the process of phonological changes in the Duano language by comparing it with the Standard Malay Language (BMS). This study utilises the upstream fieldwork approach, supported by conducting interviews, observations, recordings and note-taking. The structural theory was applied during analysis, whereby the Duano and BMS cognates were transcribed phonemically and classified under specific sub-systems. They were then analysed using a qualitative comparative perspective to examine the phonological differences that had occurred. Results showed that the Duano language had undergone phonological changes, such as phoneme alignment, glottalisation, monophthongisation and delineation. In conclusion, the phonological changes indicated an independent evolutionary process for both languages in a particular environment, eventually forming a distinct phonological innovation.

Study on the formalized development of the street-stall economy - based on domestic and international experiences and perspectives

The ground-floor economy has a long history as a significant part of the informal economy. Due to the dependence on its own social status and relationship to the government's political and economic objectives, it has developed precariously in recent years. In the face of post-epidemic problems, a shortcut is to learn from international experience. This paper used the structural theory and drew from the secondary data, demonstrating the background of informal economy and exploring the rational ways to maintain and develop street vending. Spatialization, legalization and network digitization are proven international approaches, which display the empirical and theoretical implications to urban practice and studies.