scholarly journals Evaluation of Plasma Nucleosome Concentrations In Healthy Dogs And Dogs With A Variety of Common Cancers.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Wilson-Robles ◽  
Thomas Bygott ◽  
Theresa Kathleen Kelly ◽  
Tasha Miller ◽  
Pamela Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Tumor Biomarkers ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Apoptosis And Necrosis ◽  
Histone Core

Abstract Background: Cell free DNA, in the form of nucleosomes, is released into circulation during apoptosis and necrosis in a variety of diseases. They are small fragments of chromosomes that are composed of DNA wrapped around a histone core made of four duplicate histone proteins forming an octamer. The nucleosome compartment is a relatively uninvestigated area of circulating tumor biomarkers in dogs. The objectives of this study were to quantify and better characterize nucleosomes in 528 dogs with various common malignancies and 134 healthy dogs. Results: The sensitivity of elevated circulating nucleosome concentrations for the detection of cancer in all dogs was 49.8% with a specificity of 97% with an area under the curve of 68.74%. The top 4 malignancies detected by the test included lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma and malignant melanoma. The malignancies least likely to be detected were soft tissue sarcomas and mast cell tumors. Conclusions: A variety of tumor types may cause elevated nucleosome concentations in dogs. Tumors of hematopoietic origin are most likely to cause elevations and local tumors such as soft tissue sarcomas are least likely to cause elevations in plasma nucleosome concentrations.

scholarly journals Cutaneous Tumors in Swiss Dogs: Retrospective Data From the Swiss Canine Cancer Registry, 2008–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 809-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Graf ◽  
Andreas Pospischil ◽  
Franco Guscetti ◽  
Daniela Meier ◽  
Monika Welle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Melanocytic Tumors ◽  
Canine Cancer ◽  
Tumor Types

Data collected in animal cancer registries comprise extensive and valuable information, even more so when evaluated in context with precise population data. The authors evaluated 11 740 canine skin tumors collected in the Swiss Canine Cancer Registry from 2008–2013, considering data on breed, sex, age, and anatomic locations. Their incidence rate (IR) per 100 000 dogs/year in the Swiss dog population was calculated based on data from the official and mandatory Swiss dog registration database ANIS. The most common tumor types were mast cell tumors (16.35%; IR, 60.3), lipomas (12.47%; IR, 46.0), hair follicle tumors (12.34%; IR, 45.5), histiocytomas (12.10%; IR, 44.6), soft tissue sarcomas (10.86%; IR, 40.1), and melanocytic tumors (8.63%; IR, 31.8) with >1000 tumors per type. The average IR of all tumor types across the 227 registered breeds was 372.2. The highest tumor incidence was found in the Giant Schnauzer (IR, 1616.3), the Standard Schnauzer (IR, 1545.4), the Magyar Vizsla (IR, 1534.6), the Rhodesian Ridgeback (IR, 1445.0), the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever (IR, 1351.7), and the Boxer (IR, 1350.0). Mixed-breed dogs (IR, 979.4) had an increased IR compared to the average of all breeds. Previously reported breed predispositions for most tumor types were confirmed. Nevertheless, the data also showed an increased IR for mast cell tumors and melanocytic tumors in the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever and for histiocytomas in the Flat Coated Retriever. The results from this study can be taken into consideration when selecting purebred dogs for breeding to improve a breed’s health.

Shaved margin histopathology and imprint cytology for assessment of excision in canine mast cell tumors and soft tissue sarcomas

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Milovancev ◽  
Kaitlin L. Townsend ◽  
Elena Gorman ◽  
Shay Bracha ◽  
Katie Curran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Imprint Cytology ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors

scholarly journals Endosialin and Associated Protein Expression in Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Potential Target for Anti-Endosialin Therapeutic Strategies

Sarcoma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. O’Shannessy ◽  
Hongyue Dai ◽  
Melissa Mitchell ◽  
Shane Huntsman ◽  
Stephen Brantley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Undifferentiated Sarcoma ◽  
Tumor Types

Endosialin (CD248, TEM-1) is expressed in pericytes, tumor vasculature, tumor fibroblasts, and some tumor cells, including sarcomas, with limited normal tissue expression, and appears to play a key role in tumor-stromal interactions, including angiogenesis. Monoclonal antibodies targeting endosialin have entered clinical trials, including soft tissue sarcomas. We evaluated a cohort of 94 soft tissue sarcoma samples to assess the correlation between gene expression and protein expression by immunohistochemistry for endosialin and PDGFR-β, a reported interacting protein, across available diagnoses. Correlations between the expression of endosialin and 13 other genes of interest were also examined. Within cohorts of soft tissue diagnoses assembled by tissue type (liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, and other), endosialin expression was significantly correlated with a better outcome. Endosialin expression was highest in liposarcomas and lowest in leiomyosarcomas. A robust correlation between protein and gene expression data for both endosialin and PDGFR-βwas observed. Endosialin expression positively correlated with PDGFR-βand heparin sulphate proteoglycan 2 and negatively correlated with carbonic anhydrase IX. Endosialin likely interacts with a network of extracellular and hypoxia activated proteins in sarcomas and other tumor types. Since expression does vary across histologic groups, endosialin may represent a selective target in soft tissue sarcomas.

scholarly journals Immune-Based Therapies for Sarcoma

Sarcoma ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth M. Pollack ◽  
Elizabeth T. Loggers ◽  
Eve T. Rodler ◽  
Cassian Yee ◽  
Robin L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Cancer Testis Antigens ◽  
Standard Clinical Practice ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Cancer Testis

Immunotherapy has shown promise in a number of tumor types, but its exact role in sarcoma remains to be defined. Advanced bone and soft tissue sarcomas are challenging diseases to treat with an unmet need for effective systemic therapy. Previous reports have suggested that immune-based treatments may be effective in sarcoma, but such approaches have not yet become part of standard clinical practice. A number of sarcoma subtypes express targets known as cancer testis antigens and hence may be excellent targets for immunotherapy. This paper will focus on the recent advances and understanding of cancer testis antigens in sarcoma and also clinical data of immunotherapeutic approaches in these diseases.

Reductions in margin length after excision of grade II mast cell tumors and grade I and II soft tissue sarcomas in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Milovancev ◽  
Katy L. Townsend ◽  
Shay Bracha ◽  
Elena Gorman ◽  
Kaitlin Curran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Grade Ii

Long‐term outcomes of dogs undergoing surgical resection of mast cell tumors and soft tissue sarcomas: A prospective 2‐year‐long study

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Milovancev ◽  
Katy L. Townsend ◽  
Joanne L. Tuohy ◽  
Elena Gorman ◽  
Shay Bracha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors

scholarly journals A Novel Imaging System Distinguishes Neoplastic from Normal Tissue During Resection of Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Mast Cell Tumors in Dogs

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Bartholf DeWitt ◽  
William C. Eward ◽  
Cindy A. Eward ◽  
Alexander L. Lazarides ◽  
Melodi Javid Whitley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors

scholarly journals Bovine Papillomavirus DNA and S100 Profiles in Sarcoids and Other Cutaneous Spindle Cell Tumors in Horses

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Epperson ◽  
W. L. Castleman
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Bovine Papillomavirus ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Spindle Cell Tumors ◽  
Tumor Types

Histopathologic differentiation between deep dermal or subcuticular equine sarcoids (ie, nodular sarcoids) and other spindle cell tumors in the dermis and subcutis such as peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) can be challenging based on morphologic criteria alone. It has been proposed that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for bovine papillomavirus (BPV) DNA and S100 immunohistochemistry be used as diagnostic tests to separate equine sarcoids from PNSTs. We reviewed 197 skin-associated spindle cell tumors (ie, soft tissue sarcomas), including PNSTs and sarcoids, received at the University of Florida between 1995 and 2013 and performed BPV PCR and S100 immunohistochemistry on archived paraffin-embedded tissues. We found that BPV DNA was demonstrable in 70% of the sarcoids, 59% of the PNSTs, 37% of the fibrosarcomas, and 22% of other tumors (myxosarcomas, fibromas, and other sarcomas) diagnosed on histomorphologic characteristics. Positive S100 staining was only seen in 12 tumors in the study (5 fibrosarcomas, 3 sarcoids, 2 PNSTs, and 2 other sarcomas). The results demonstrate that BPV is associated with many skin-associated spindle cell soft tissue tumors in horses in addition to sarcoids. S100 was rarely expressed in equine soft tissue sarcomas in the skin but was expressed in many tumor types, including PNSTs and sarcoids. Because 41% of the PNSTs classified by histomorphology in this study were BPV negative and 94% were S100 negative, it is reasonable to classify these as soft tissue sarcomas with nerve sheath tumor histomorphology rather than as either PNSTs or sarcoids.

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