scholarly journals Distinctive Alteration of Neuropeptide Y Expression Responsible for Neuro-Proliferation Following Zebrafish Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Cui ◽  
Lin-Fang Wang ◽  
Shu-Bing Huang ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Yong-Quan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Locomotor Recovery ◽  
Human Spinal Cord ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Islet 1

Abstract In strong contrast to the limited repair within the mammalian central nervous system, the spinal cord of adult zebrafish is capable of regeneration following injury. Understanding the mechanism underlying neural regeneration and functional recovery in spinal cord-injured zebrafish may lead to effective therapies for human spinal cord injury (SCI). Since neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a protective role in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases, in the present study, the effects of NPY on neuronal repair and subsequent recovery of motor function in adult zebrafish post-SCI were evaluated. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunostaining of NPY revealed decreased NPY expression at 12 hours (h), 6 days (d) and 21 d after SCI. Double-immunostaining for NPY and Islet-1, a motoneuron marker, showed that NPY was expressed in spinal cord motoneurons. NPY morpholino (MO) treatment resulted in suppressed locomotor recovery and axon regrowth. PCNA and Islet-1 double-staining showed suppressed motoneuron proliferation in NPY-MO zebrafish. Similar to NYP, the mRNA level for NPY1R was also expressed within motoneurons and downregulated at 12 h and 21 d after SCI. Collectively, these data suggest that NPY expression in motoneurons promotes locomotor recovery and axon regrowth in adult zebrafish, possibly by regulating motoneuron proliferation through the activation of NPY1R.

Major vault protein promotes locomotor recovery and regeneration after spinal cord injury in adult zebrafish

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Chao Pan ◽  
Jin-Fei Lin ◽  
Li-Ping Ma ◽  
Yan-Qin Shen ◽  
Melitta Schachner
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Major Vault Protein ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Locomotor Recovery ◽  
Cord Injury

The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C promotes locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury in adult zebrafish

Neuroscience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 238-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-M. Yu ◽  
M. Cristofanilli ◽  
A. Valiveti ◽  
L. Ma ◽  
M. Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Locomotor Recovery ◽  
Tenascin C ◽  
Cord Injury

Augmented Locomotor Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in the Athymic Nude Rat

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Potas ◽  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Charbel Moussa ◽  
Melinda Venn ◽  
Catherine A. Gorrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Locomotor Recovery ◽  
Nude Rat ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Impaired Organization of Paired-Pulse TMS-Induced I-Waves After Human Spinal Cord Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 2167-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cirillo ◽  
Finnegan J. Calabro ◽  
Monica A. Perez
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Human Spinal Cord ◽  
Cord Injury

The effects of methylprednisolone and the ganglioside GM1 on acute spinal cord injury in rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomo Constantini ◽  
Wise Young
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Ganglioside Gm1 ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Spinal Cord ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Recent clinical trials have reported that methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) or the monosialic ganglioside GM1 improves neurological recovery in human spinal cord injury. Because GM1 may have additive or synergistic effects when used with MP, the authors compared MP, GM1, and MP+GM1 treatments in a graded rat spinal cord contusion model. Spinal cord injury was caused by dropping a rod weighing 10 gm from a height of 1.25, 2.5, or 5.0 cm onto the rat spinal cord at T-10, which had been exposed via laminectomy. The lesion volumes were quantified from spinal cord Na and K shifts at 24 hours after injury and the results were verified histologically in separate experiments. A single dose of MP (30 mg/kg), given 5 minutes after injury, reduced 24-hour spinal cord lesion volumes by 56% (p = 0.0052), 28% (p = 0.0065), and 13% (p > 0.05) in the three injury-severity groups, respectively, compared to similarly injured control groups treated with vehicle only. Methylprednisolone also prevented injury-induced hyponatremia and increased body weight loss in the spine-injured rats. When used alone, GM1 (10 to 30 mg/kg) had little or no effect on any measured variable compared to vehicle controls; when given concomitantly with MP, GM1 blocked the neuroprotective effects of MP. At a dose of 3 mg/kg, GM1 partially prevented MP-induced reductions in lesion volumes, while 10 to 30 mg/kg of GM1 completely blocked these effects of MP. The effects of MP on injury-induced hyponatremia and body weight loss were also blocked by GM1. Thus, GM1 antagonized both central and peripheral effects of MP in spine-injured rats. Until this interaction is clarified, the authors recommend that MP and GM1 not be used concomitantly to treat acute human spinal cord injury. Because GM1 modulates protein kinase activity, protein kinases inhibit lipocortins, and lipocortins mediate anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids, it is proposed that the neuroprotective effects of MP are partially due to anti-inflammatory effects and that GM1 antagonizes the effects of MP by inhibiting lipocortin. Possible beneficial effects of GM1 reported in central nervous system injury may be related to the effects on neural recovery rather than acute injury processes.

Adequate expression of neuropeptide Y is essential for the recovery of zebrafish motor function following spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 113831
Author(s):  
Chun Cui ◽  
Lin-Fang Wang ◽  
Shu-Bing Huang ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Yong-Quan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Cord Injury

Epidural electrical stimulation to facilitate locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannie Audet ◽  
Charly G. Lecomte
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Lumbosacral Region ◽  
Locomotor Recovery ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Stimulation Of

Tonic or phasic electrical epidural stimulation of the lumbosacral region of the spinal cord facilitates locomotion and standing in a variety of preclinical models with severe spinal cord injury. However, the mechanisms of epidural electrical stimulation that facilitate sensorimotor functions remain largely unknown. This review aims to address how epidural electrical stimulation interacts with spinal sensorimotor circuits and discusses the limitations that currently restrict the clinical implementation of this promising therapeutic approach.

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