Measuring Independent and Controlled Effects of Age at First Marriage and Age at First Birth on Completed Family Size among women aged 45-49 in Zambia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkuye Moyo ◽  
Tina Nanyangwe-Moyo ◽  
Xiaochun Qiao ◽  
Jilei Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Completed Family Size

Abstract Background The link between age at marriage and first birth in explaining completed family size is not always direct, due to heterogeneity in circumstances, that compel individual women to marry or initiate childbearing at a particular age. We analyzed data for 1020 women aged 45–49 in 2014 of the 1965–1969 birth cohort from the 2013-14 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS). Methods We fitted a bivariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression to establish the relationship between a mother’s age at first marriage and at first birth on completed family size (CFS). Chi-square test of proportions measuring differences in proportions and relative risk ratios (RRR) with confidence intervals at 95% are reported. Results Our results show that the average CFS was 6.7 (95% CI: 6.5–6.9) among women completing their reproductive span in 2014 with mean age at first marriage and birth being 18.3 years (95% CI: 18.0–18.5) and 18.9 years (95% CI: 18.7–19.1) respectively. Women marrying at younger ages and having their first birth at younger ages were more likely (RRR: 1.187; 95% CI: 1.138–1.239 and RRR: 0.195; 95% CI: 0.074–0.511 respectively) to have higher CFS than their compatriots that initiated both marriage and childbearing at or after age 22 controlling for covariates as presented in the controlled model. The independent effects model shows that the risk of having 1–3 children compared to 6 or more children was lower (RRR: 0.073; 95% CI: 0.009–0.611; RRR: 0.136; 95% CI: 0,046-0.402 and RRR: 0.421; 05% CI: 0.135–1.312) for women whose ages at first marriage were < 15, 15–18 and 19–21 respectively relative to 22+. Women with 1–3 children were 2.5 times more likely to use contraception than women with 6 or more children. Conclusion Having no education, being a rural resident and having a medium household wealth all increase the risk of having higher CFS. Women that marry before age 19 have a higher likelihood of having 6 or more children by the end of their reproductive period. The study concludes that apart from a woman’s age at first marriage and first birth, a complex network of factors interact to determined CFS.

scholarly journals Demystifying the Effects of Age at Marriage and Age at First Birth on Completed Family Size in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkuye Moyo ◽  
Tina Nanyangwe-Moyo ◽  
Xiaochun Qiao ◽  
Jilei Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Completed Family Size

The link between age at marriage and first birth in explaining completed family size is not always direct, due to heterogeneity in circumstances, that compel individual women to marry or initiate childbearing at a particular age. We analyzed data for 1020 women aged 45-49 in 2014 of the 1965-1969 birth cohort from the 2013-14 ZDHS. We fitted a bivariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression to establish the effect of mother&rsquo;s age at first marriage and at first birth on completed family size (CFS). Chi-square test of proportions measuring differences in proportions and relative risk ratios (RRR) with confident intervals at 95% are reported. Our results show that the average CFS was 6.7 (95% CI: 6.5 &ndash; 6.9) among women completing their reproductive span in 2014 with mean age at first marriage and birth being 18.3 years (95% CI: 18.0 &ndash; 18.5) and 18.9 years (95% CI: 18.7 &ndash; 19.1) respectively. Women marrying at younger ages and having their first birth at younger ages were more likely (RRR: 0.262; 95% CI:0.126-0.547 and RRR: 0.176; 95% CI:0.068-0.497 respectively) to have higher CFS than their compatriots that initiated both marriage and childbearing at or after age 22. Having no education, being a rural resident and having a medium household wealth all increased the risk of having higher CFS. Women that marry before age 19 have a higher likelihood of having 6 or more children by the end of their reproductive period. The study concludes that apart from a woman&rsquo;s age at first marriage and first birth, a complex network of factors interact to determined CFS.

scholarly journals Measuring Independent and Controlled Effects of Age at Marriage and Age at First Birth on Completed Family Size among women aged 45-59 in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkuye Moyo ◽  
Tina Nanyangwe-Moyo ◽  
Xiaochun Qiao ◽  
Jilei Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Completed Family Size

Background The link between age at marriage and first birth in explaining completed family size is not always direct, due to heterogeneity in circumstances, that compel individual women to marry or initiate childbearing at a particular age. We analyzed data for 1020 women aged 45-49 in 2014 of the 1965-1969 birth cohort from the 2013-14 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS). Methods We fitted a bivariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression to establish the relationship between a mother&rsquo;s age at first marriage and at first birth on completed family size (CFS). Chi-square test of proportions measuring differences in proportions and relative risk ratios (RRR) with confidence intervals at 95% are reported. Results Our results show that the average CFS was 6.7 (95% CI: 6.5 &ndash; 6.9) among women completing their reproductive span in 2014 with mean age at first marriage and birth being 18.3 years (95% CI: 18.0 &ndash; 18.5) and 18.9 years (95% CI: 18.7 &ndash; 19.1) respectively. Women marrying at younger ages and having their first birth at younger ages were more likely (RRR: 1.187; 95% CI: 1.138-1.239 and RRR: 0.195; 95% CI: 0.074-0.511 respectively) to have higher CFS than their compatriots that initiated both marriage and childbearing at or after age 22 controlling for covariates as presented in the controlled model. The independent effects model shows that the risk of having 1-3 children compared to 6 or more children was lower (RRR: 0.073; 95% CI: 0.009-0.611; RRR: 0.136; 95% CI: 0,046-0.402 and RRR: 0.421; 05% CI: 0.135-1.312) for women whose ages at first marriage were &lt;15, 15-18 and 19-21 respectively relative to 22+. Women with 1-3 children were 2.5 times more likely to use contraception than women with 6 or more children. Conclusion Having no education, being a rural resident and having a medium household wealth all increase the risk of having higher CFS. Women that marry before age 19 have a higher likelihood of having 6 or more children by the end of their reproductive period. The study concludes that apart from a woman&rsquo;s age at first marriage and first birth, a complex network of factors interact to determined CFS.

scholarly journals SURVIVAL ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE AGE TO GIVE FIRST BIRTH IN WOMEN IN EAST JAVA USING EXTENDED COX REGRESSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Santi Wulan Purnami ◽  
Fitria Nur Aida ◽  
Sutikno Sutikno ◽  
Diyah Herowati ◽  
Achmad Sjafii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
First Child ◽  
First Time

The age of a woman when giving birth to her first child needs to be a concern because it is related to the safety of the mother and baby. A woman being too young or too old increases the risk of death for both the mother and baby. Every woman giving birth for the first time is likely to experience psychological disorders such as anxiety and excessive fear during labor, and even postpartum depression. Given the importance and possible extent of the consequences of women giving birth for the first time, this study intended to assess the factors that influence the age at first birth, especially amongst women of childbearing age in East Java. These factors include the age at first marriage, education, and region. The method used was the extended Cox regression model. The analysis shows that the age at first marriage and education are factors that significantly influence the age at first birth. The more mature the age at first marriage, the more mature the age at first birth. Likewise, the higher the educational status, the higher the potential for giving birth to a first child over the age of 23, especially amongst women who graduated high school and university.

scholarly journals Homogamy in U.S. Marriages, 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Completed Family Size

Trends and differentials in the age at first birth are well-documented (FP-20-06). Given shifts and variation in completed family size (FP-20-04), it is also important to look at the age of last birth – that is, when do women stop having children – which has received very little attention. This profile investigates the median age at last birth among women at the end of their childbearing years, at 45-49 years old. Using the 2015-2019 cycles of the National Survey of Growth, this profile investigates the median age at last birth for mothers aged 45-49 by race/ethnicity, completed education, parity, and age at first birth.

scholarly journals Median Age at Last Birth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Carlson ◽  
Karen Guzzo
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Completed Family Size

Trends and differentials in the age at first birth are well-documented (FP-20-06). Given shifts and variation in completed family size (FP-20-04), it is also important to look at the age of last birth – that is, when do women stop having children – which has received very little attention. This profile investigates the median age at last birth among women at the end of their childbearing years, at 45-49 years old. Using the 2015-2019 cycles of the National Survey of Growth, this profile investigates the median age at last birth for mothers aged 45-49 by race/ethnicity, completed education, parity, and age at first birth.

Analysis of the Determinants of Marriage to First Birth Interval in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 208-219
Author(s):  
Md Mukhlesur Rahman ◽  
Mohitul Ameen Ahmed Mustafi ◽  
Mir Mohammad Azad
Keyword(s):  
Birth Interval ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Education Access ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Age At First Marriage

In this study an attempt has been made to examine the marriage to first birth interval and also to identify the socio-economic, demographic and cultural factors influencing the first birth interval among married women in Bangladesh. For this purpose the present study utilized the Bangladesh Demographic and health survey (Bdhs, 2004). Birth interval is major determinant of the rates of fertility. The average marriage to first birth interval of the respondent’s is observed to be 33.49 months. Independents test of chi-square and proportional hazards model are used to study the effect of selected background characteristics on first birth interval in Bangladesh. Accepted religion of respondent’s all of the independent variable has strong association with first birth interval. Result from proportional hazards model reveal that respondent’s education, access to mass media, age at first marriage, and use of contraception has highly significant impact on first interval excluding Rajshahi and Khulna division. Husband’s education is partially significant over first birth interval and childhood place of residence has little bit connotation on first birth interval.

Crossover in the Median Age at First Marriage and First Birth: Thirty-Five Years of Change

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey J. Eickmeyer ◽  
Krista K. Payne ◽  
Susan L. Brown ◽  
Wendy D. Manning
Keyword(s):  
First Birth ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage

THE IMPACT OF EDUCATION ON WOMEN'S PREFERENCES FOR GENDER EQUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM SIERRA LEONE

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Cannonier ◽  
Naci Mocan
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
The Impact

Abstract:We use data from Sierra Leone where a substantial education program provided increased access to education for primary-school age children but did not benefit children who were older. We exploit the variation in access to the program generated by date of birth and the variation in resources between various districts of the country. We find that an increase in schooling, triggered by the program, has an impact on women's attitudes toward matters that impact women's health and on attitudes regarding violence against women. An increase in education reduces the number of desired children by women and increases their propensity to use modern contraception and to be tested for AIDS. While education makes women more intolerant of practices that conflict with their well-being, increased education has no impact on men's attitudes toward women's well-being. Thus, it is unclear whether the change in attitudes would translate into behavioral changes. Consistent with this finding, education (on this margin) has no impact on women's propensity to get married, their age at first marriage or age at first birth.

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