The Effect of Phenyl Acetic Acid (PPA) On Micropropagation of Date Palm Followed By Genetic Stability Assessment
Abstract Date palm is propagated by the offshoots, the number of which is limited. Therefore, adult date palms produce shoot tips and axillary buds meristems through the use of tissue culture. The micropropagation of the date palm also still faces many obstacles. Here, we established an efficient plant-regeneration system for (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Ashgar by tissue culture. Murashige and Skoog medium containing 6-benzyladenine (BA) (2.0 and 5.0 mg L− 1) and a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or phenylacetic acid (PAA) (0.05–2.00 mg L− 1) was used to initiate shoot formation from callus tissues. The maximum number of shoots per jar was produced on a medium containing 5.0 mgL− 1 BA and 0.5 mg L− 1 PAA. The medium supplemented with 2.0 mgL− 1 BA in combination with 0.05 m L− 1 PAA gave the highest callus induction (+++). A decrease in browning percentage was observed in the tissue cultured in the media supplied with BA in combination with NAA or PAA compared to the media provided with BA alone. In comparison with other treatments, the total amount of phenolic compounds was significantly reduced to 0.45 mg g− 1 in buds cultured in the media supplemented with 5.0 mg L− 1 BA and 0.5 mg L− 1 PAA. The RAPD DNA-based fingerprinting technique confirmed the genomic stability of this protocol. RAPD binding patterns showed no difference between the tissue culture-derived plants tested. The in vitro micropropagation protocol reported here can be presented to produce genetically stable date palm plants.