scholarly journals A Gland of Many Uses: A Diversity of Compounds In The Labial Glands of The Bumble Bee Bombus Impatiens Suggests Multiple Signaling Functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Orlova ◽  
Gabriel Villar ◽  
Abraham Hefetz ◽  
Jocelyn G. Millar ◽  
Etya Amsalem
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Labial Gland ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ovarian Activation ◽  
Social Signaling ◽  
Multiple Signaling

Abstract Communication in social insect colonies depends on signals accurately reflecting the identity and physiological state of the individuals. Such information is coded by the products of multiple exocrine glands, and the resulting blends reflect the species, sex, caste, age, task, reproductive status, and health of an individual, and may also contain caste-specific pheromones regulating the behavior and physiology of other individuals. Here we examined the composition of labial gland secretions in females of the bumble bee Bombus impatiens, of different castes, social condition, age, mating status, and ovarian activation. We show that active queens, gynes, and workers each produce caste-specific compounds that may serve different communicative functions. The composition and amounts of wax esters, mostly octyl esters produced by active queens, differed significantly between castes, mating, and social conditions, suggesting a social signaling role. Farnesyl esters were predominant in gynes and peaked at optimal mating age (6-10 days), suggesting their possible roles as sex pheromone components. Reproductive status of females and age across castes was reflected by the ratio between short- and long-chain hydrocarbons, suggesting that these compounds may serve as fertility signals. Our findings overall suggest that the labial gland composition in B. impatiens reflects different facets of female bee physiology. While further bioassays are required to determine the function of these compounds, they are likely to have an important role in the communication between individuals and to the cohesion of the social structure.

scholarly journals Metabolic rate predicts the lifespan of workers in the bumble bee Bombus impatiens

Apidologie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan P. Kelemen ◽  
Nhi Cao ◽  
Tuan Cao ◽  
Goggy Davidowitz ◽  
Anna Dornhaus
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Bumble Bee

scholarly journals Seven Computations of the Social Brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanaz Molapour ◽  
Cindy C Hagan ◽  
Brian Silston ◽  
Haiyan Wu ◽  
Maxwell Ramstead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social World ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Verbal Cues ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
Social Signaling ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT The social environment presents the human brain with the most complex of information processing demands. The computations that the brain must perform occur in parallel, combine social and nonsocial cues, produce verbal and non-verbal signals, and involve multiple cognitive systems; including memory, attention, emotion, learning. This occurs dynamically and at timescales ranging from milliseconds to years. Here, we propose that during social interactions, seven core operations interact to underwrite coherent social functioning; these operations accumulate evidence efficiently – from multiple modalities – when inferring what to do next. We deconstruct the social brain and outline the key components entailed for successful human social interaction. These include (1) social perception; (2) social inferences, such as mentalizing; (3) social learning; (4) social signaling through verbal and non-verbal cues; (5) social drives (e.g., how to increase one’s status); (6) determining the social identity of agents, including oneself; and (7) minimizing uncertainty within the current social context by integrating sensory signals and inferences. We argue that while it is important to examine these distinct aspects of social inference, to understand the true nature of the human social brain, we must also explain how the brain integrates information from the social world.

scholarly journals Percent lipid is associated with body size but not task in the bumble bee Bombus impatiens

2011 ◽  
Vol 197 (11) ◽  
pp. 1097-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Couvillon ◽  
Jennifer M. Jandt ◽  
Jennifer Bonds ◽  
Bryan R. Helm ◽  
Anna Dornhaus
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Bumble Bee

Do Bumble Bee, Bombus impatiens, Queens Signal their Reproductive and Mating Status to their Workers?

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etya Amsalem ◽  
Mario Padilla ◽  
Paul M. Schreiber ◽  
Naomi S. Altman ◽  
Abraham Hefetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Mating Status

scholarly journals Consistent pollen nutritional intake drives bumble bee (Bombus impatiens) colony growth and reproduction across different habitats

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5765-5776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Vaudo ◽  
Liam M. Farrell ◽  
Harland M. Patch ◽  
Christina M. Grozinger ◽  
John F. Tooker
Keyword(s):  
Colony Growth ◽  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Relationship between Social Media and Political Parties

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Demirhan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication

This chapter analyzes the capacity of social media usage and the social media strategies of political parties that became the members of Turkish Parliament after 2011 election. The social media usage increases in parallel to the improvements in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and it becomes an important tool with its communicative functions to realize activities in social, political, and economic fields. In the globalization process, developments in ICTs and changes in the meaning of democracy have been realized parallel to each other. Politics has become more open to interaction and the participation of different actors. ICTs have created new opportunities to interaction and participation of social actors. These improvements require transformations in the role and functions of political parties. They have to arrange their programs and structures according to participative understanding of democracy and new technologies. Social media usage is seen as a requirement for political parties and party leaders for adaptation to these developments, and it is also seen as a device with its potential for realizing participation, communication, and interaction to adapt to the changes in the understanding of politics.

Relationship between Social Media and Political Parties

2015 ◽  
pp. 1196-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Demirhan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication

This chapter analyzes the capacity of social media usage and the social media strategies of political parties that became the members of Turkish Parliament after 2011 election. The social media usage increases in parallel to the improvements in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and it becomes an important tool with its communicative functions to realize activities in social, political, and economic fields. In the globalization process, developments in ICTs and changes in the meaning of democracy have been realized parallel to each other. Politics has become more open to interaction and the participation of different actors. ICTs have created new opportunities to interaction and participation of social actors. These improvements require transformations in the role and functions of political parties. They have to arrange their programs and structures according to participative understanding of democracy and new technologies. Social media usage is seen as a requirement for political parties and party leaders for adaptation to these developments, and it is also seen as a device with its potential for realizing participation, communication, and interaction to adapt to the changes in the understanding of politics.

A comparison of prairie vole audible and ultrasonic pup calls and attraction to them by adults of each sex

Behaviour ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 148 (11-13) ◽  
pp. 1275-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Terleph
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Prairie Vole ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Microtus Ochrogaster ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
Pup Development

AbstractRodent pups of many species emit both ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) and calls spanning into a lower frequency range, audible to humans (AUDs), yet there has been little systematic comparison of these different call types, or analyses of how they might differ in signal function. Here the spectral and temporal characteristics of USV and AUD pup calls are described for the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), a model used in studies of monogamous mating and biparental care, and a species with an unusually large functional and anatomical representation of auditory cortex. Findings provide a detailed description of each call type, including changes to a number of USV characteristics over pup development. Adult attraction to the playback of these two call types was tested in groups that differed in regards to sex and reproductive status. Separate groups included virgins as well as paired animals of each sex, tested at time points either prior to the birth of pups (associated with either mid or late gestation), or at postpartum time points (parents of 2–3 day olds and parents of 8–9 day olds). Adults were attracted to both USVs and AUDs, but group differences were found only in the attraction to USVs. Males were more attracted to USVs than females, and there were interactions of sex and reproductive status. Results suggest that pup vocal communication is quite sophisticated, and that USVs and AUDs may have different communicative functions.

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