Thanks to the Reichswehr's secret planning and preparation, a thoroughly well-prepared training and education system for the Luftwaffe was already functioning when Hitler came to power in 1933. During the next two years, through the visionary leadership of Walter Wever and the brilliant work of Hans-Jürgen Stumpf in recruiting the initial cadre of the Luftwaffe, the Luftwaffe created a cadre air force with good officer leadership. By 1935 the Luftwaffe, now an open force, was ready for a systematic and well-organized expansion program, and its officer education program quickly reached maturity with a range of basic courses for every officer, an intermediate officer course, and two complementary general staff courses. While the Luftwaffe had many serious weaknesses the interwar officer education system was not one of them.