Effects of Selected Fungicides on Pollen Germination, Tube Growth, and Distribution of the Cytoskeleton in Tradescantia virginiana

Fungicides have been shown to negatively affect pollen germination, tube growth, and fruit set in important crops. However, little is known regarding possible modes of action in higher plant cells. To address this, the effects of propiconazole or benomyl on pollen germination and tube growth were evaluated in Tradescantia virginiana using light microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Concentrations were selected at levels that had inhibitory effects, but did not totally arrest germination and tube elongation, i.e., propiconazole and benomyl were added at 0, 102, 136, or 170 μl·liter–1, and 0, 480, 600, or 720 mg·liter–1, respectively. Both fungicides inhibited germination, cytoplasmic streaming, tube elongation, and induced abnormal tube morphology and cytoskeletal distribution. Propiconazole-treated tubes had weaker microfilament signals, with amorphous staining. Microtubule (Mt) distribution was severely affected. In benomyl-treated tubes, Mts were fewer in number, fragmented, sinuous, and increasingly disorganized. Possible mechanism(s) will be discussed.

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Radiation-induced pollen germination, tube growth, its localized cytochemical constituents, fruit set and fruit size in alkaloid yielding species Solanum torvum L.

CYTOLOGIA ◽

10.1508/cytologia.55.535 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 535-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Y. S. Chauhan ◽

S. R. Katiyar

Keyword(s):

Pollen Germination ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Solanum Torvum ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Germination Tube

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The effects of a triazole fungicide, propiconazole, on pollen germination, tube growth and cytoskeletal distribution in Tradescantia virginiana

Sexual Plant Reproduction ◽

10.1007/bf00228939 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yi He ◽

HazelY. Wetzstein ◽

BarryA. Palevitz

Keyword(s):

Pollen Germination ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Tradescantia Virginiana ◽

Triazole Fungicide ◽

Germination Tube

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Male–Female Crosstalk during Pollen Germination, Tube Growth and Guidance, and Double Fertilization

Molecular Plant ◽

10.1093/mp/sst061 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 1018-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 179

Author(s):

Thomas Dresselhaus ◽

Noni Franklin-Tong

Keyword(s):

Pollen Germination ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Double Fertilization ◽

Germination Tube

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GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN CARDINAL TEMPERATURES FOR IN VITRO POLLEN GERMINATION AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OF COCONUT HYBRIDS

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479717000357 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 731-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C. S. RANASINGHE ◽

M. D. P. KUMARATHUNGE ◽

K. G. S. KIRIWANDENIYA

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Germination ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Tube Length ◽

Cardinal Temperatures ◽

Pollen Tube Length

SUMMARYSuccessful fruit set in coconut depends on several reproductive processes including pollen germination and pollen tube growth. High temperature (˃33 °C) during flowering reduces fruit set in coconut. Therefore, identification and development of coconut varieties or hybrids with high reproductive heat tolerance will benefit the coconut industry in view of the climate changes. This experiment was conducted to quantify the response of pollen germination and pollen tube growth of seven coconut hybrids to increasing temperature from 16 to 38 °C. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out to classify coconut hybrids on the basis of their temperature tolerances to pollen germination. Pollen germination and pollen tube length of the hybrids ranged from 56 to 78% and 242 to 772 µm, respectively. A modified bilinear model best described the response to temperature of pollen germination and pollen tube length. Cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) of pollen germination and pollen tube length varied among the seven hybrids. PCA identified Tmax for pollen germination and Topt for pollen tube length as the most important parameters in describing varietal tolerance to high temperature. PCA also identified SLGD × Sri Lanka Tall and Sri Lanka Brown Dwarf × Sri Lanka Tall as the most tolerant hybrids to high temperature stress and Sri Lanka Tall × Sri Lanka Tall and Sri Lanka Green Dwarf × San Ramon as less tolerant ones based on cardinal temperatures for pollen germination and pollen tube length. Tmax for pollen germination of the most tolerant and less tolerant hybrids were 41.9 and 39.5 °C, respectively. Topt for pollen tube length in the most tolerant and less tolerant hybrids were 29.5 and 26.0 °C, respectively.

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The effect of three plant bioregulators on pollen germination, pollen tube growth and fruit set in almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] cvs. Non Pareil and Carmel

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.07.004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 381-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Segundo Maita ◽

Carlos Sotomayor

Keyword(s):

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Germination ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Prunus Dulcis ◽

Tube Growth

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Effects of Temperature and the Combination of Liquid Lime Sulfur and Fish Oil on Pollen Germination, Pollen Tube Growth, and Fruit Set in Apples

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.44.5.1277 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 1277-1283 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Keith Yoder ◽

Rongcai Yuan ◽

Leon Combs ◽

Ross Byers ◽

Jim McFerson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Germination ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Pollen Tubes ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Tube Growth Rate ◽

Golden Delicious ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Increasing Temperature

Effects of temperature and the combination of liquid lime sulfur (LLS) and fish oil (FO) applied during bloom on pollen germination and pollen tube growth in flowers and fruit set were examined in apples (Malus ×domestica Borkh.). Percent germination of pollen of ‘Manchurian’ crabapples and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple flowers on the stigmatic surface of ‘Golden Delicious’ pistils increased with increasing temperature from 13 to 29 °C in the first 24 and 48 h after pollination, respectively, but not thereafter. Pollen tube growth rate in the style increased quadratically with increasing temperature from 13 to 29 °C. ‘Manchurian’ was a more effective pollenizer of ‘Golden Delicious’ than was ‘Golden Delicious’ pollen. For example, at 24 or 29 °C, some ‘Manchurian’ pollen tubes grew to the base of ‘Golden Delicious’ styles by 24 h after pollination. On the other hand, no ‘Golden Delicious’ pollen tube grew to the base of a ‘Golden Delicious’ style regardless of temperature and time. Pollen tube growth rate in the style increased with increasing day/night temperature from 7/0 to 24/7 °C. The time required for pollen tubes to grow to the base of styles decreased with increasing day/night temperature from 13/2 to 24/7 °C. Only ≈36 h was required for pollen tubes to grow to the base of style at 24/7 °C, whereas pollen tubes grew very slowly and no pollen tubes grew to the base of style at 7/0 °C regardless of pollen source. LLS + FO, applied 4 or 24 h after pollination, inhibited pollen germination, pollen tube growth in the style, fertilization, and fruit set, but it had no effect when applied 48 h after pollination. These results suggest that LLS + FO applied at this bloom stage causes flower or fruit abscission most likely by inhibiting pollen germination, pollen tube growth in the style, and fertilization.

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Pollen Tube Growth and Fruit Set in Apple

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci11511-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (8) ◽

pp. 1054-1059 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Khalil R. Jahed ◽

Peter M. Hirst

Keyword(s):

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Germination ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Pollen Tubes ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Physiological Basis ◽

Golden Delicious ◽

Malus Floribunda ◽

Seed Crops

Pollination is an essential prerequisite for the production of many fruit and seed crops, including apple. In apple, successful fertilization requires pollen transfer to the stigma, pollen germination, and successful pollen tube growth resulting in fruit set. Precise selection of the most effective pollinizers for commercial orchards is not possible however, until these processes are more fully understood. The present study was undertaken to compare pollinizers in terms of pollen tube growth and fruit set. On trees of ‘Honeycrisp’, ‘Fuji’, and ‘Gala’ from which bees were excluded, flowers were hand-pollinated using pollen collected from crabapple (‘Ralph Shay’ or Malus floribunda), ‘Delicious’ and ‘Golden Delicious’. Flowers were harvested at one, two, three, and four days after pollination (DAP). Pollen source had a significant influence on pollen germination on the stigmatic surface, number of pollen tubes penetrating the stigma, distance of pollen tube growth down the style, and pollen tubes reaching the base of the style. In ‘Honeycrisp’ and ‘Gala’, ‘Golden Delicious’ pollen grew the fastest, followed by ‘Delicious’ and crabapple. Neither ‘Ralph Shay’ nor Malus floribunda were effective pollinizers for ‘Honeycrisp’ and resulted in low fruit set suggesting incompatibility may be involved. However, both these crabapples were effective pollinizers for ‘Fuji’ and ‘Gala’. These results indicate that pollen source can have a tremendous impact on pollen tube growth and fruit set. The physiological basis for these effects is not clear, but implications for pollinizer selection are obvious.

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