scholarly journals Strawberry Species of Iturup and Sakhalin Islands

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1623-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim E. Hummer ◽  
Andrey Sabitov
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Southern Sakhalin ◽  
Recent Monograph ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S

A plant-collecting expedition to Iturup and Sakhalin Islands, Sakhalin Territory, Russian Federation, occurred between 21 July and 12 Sept. 2003. Strawberries, Fragaria L., were observed and collected. Japanese and Russian flora describe two diploid (2n = 2x = 14) species, F. iinumae Makino and the Yezoensis strawberry, F. nipponica Makino [syn. = Fragaria nipponica var. yezoensis (H. Hara) Kitam.], as native to those islands. In addition, a recent monograph described a new octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) strawberry species, F. iturupensis Staudt, from a Japanese herbarium specimen collected on Atsunupuri volcano near Lesozovodoskyi, Iturup, in 1929. The objectives of the 2003 collecting trip were to obtain wild strawberries from these islands and determine if a population of F. iturupensis still existed on the volcano. The native F. iinumae Makino was obtained from the Ogonki Village, Anivskyi Region, Southern Sakhalin Island, but was not observed on Iturup. The Yezoensis strawberry was observed at Cape Otlivnoy, Iturup. Two small colonies of the native octoploid F. iturupensis Staudt were collected from mid-elevations on the east-facing slope of Atsunupuri volcano. The native distribution of F. iturupensis was limited to this volcanic montane habitat and was not found in the foggy, sandy locations of coastal elevations on Iturup. The leaf morphology and growth habit of F. iturupensis plants were similar to that of F. virginiana subsp. glauca (S. Watson) Staudt of North America, but the fruit was different, more like F. vesca L. Probable cultivated escapes were observed at two sites on the east coast of Iturup and at one site in southern Sakhalin. The 2003 expedition confirmed the existence of F. iturupensis, the only known native Asian octoploid strawberry on Atsunupuri. Limited quantities of germplasm are available for research from the curator, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR, the U.S. national strawberry gene bank.

scholarly journals History of Bermudagrass Turfgrass Breeding Research in Tifton, GA

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1560-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa L. Baxter ◽  
Brian M. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
University Of Georgia ◽  
Breeding Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S

Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is the foundation of the turfgrass industry in most tropical and warm-temperate regions. Development of bermudagrass as a turfgrass began in the early 1900s. Many of the cultivars commercially available today have been cooperatively released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and the University of Georgia at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA.

scholarly journals Self-fertility Evaluations of Northern-adapted Rabbiteye Blueberry Hybrids

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1837-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
Matthew Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Pollen Mixture ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Service

Rabbiteye blueberry hybrids that the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) program has bred for northern adaptation are combinations of 6x V. ashei Reade, 6x V. constablaei Gray, 4x V. corymbosum L., and 2x V. darrowii Camp germplasm at the hexaploid level and are generally composed of 50% or greater V. ashei (rabbiteye) germplasm. Four northern-adapted rabbiteye (NRE) selections (US 1043, US 1045, US 1056, US 1057), four rabbiteye standards (‘Brightwell’, ‘Climax’, ‘Tifblue’, ‘Woodard’), two rabbiteye × V. constablaei derivatives (‘Little Giant’, ‘Snowflake’), and two highbush standards (‘Duke’, ‘Bluecrop’) were pollinated under greenhouse conditions with either self-pollen or a multicultivar, bulk-pollen mixture (appropriate to ploidy level and species) to determine the relative requirements for cross-pollination among NRE selections. Fruit set, berry weight, and seed set were subsequently evaluated. The results suggest that NRE selections, in general, exhibit cross-pollination needs intermediate to the parent types such that: rabbiteye > northern rabbiteye > highbush (i.e., rabbiteye has the lowest self-fertility and the greatest need for cross-pollination). Considerable variation existed among the NRE selections tested, which suggests that it might be possible to select clones with good levels of self-fertility, potentially equivalent to that of highbush blueberry.

scholarly journals 'Hannah's Choice' Highbush Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1558-1560
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
Allan W. Stretch ◽  
Nicholi Vorsa ◽  
Arlen D. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S

'Hannah's Choice' is an early-ripening, tetraploid, highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) that was developed by the cooperative breeding program of the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES). It was named because it represents an improvement in sweetness, firmness, and flavor over currently grown early cultivars.

scholarly journals Peach Fruit Set and Buttoning after Spring Frost

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 816-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxian Chen ◽  
William R. Okie ◽  
Thomas G. Beckman
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Range Distribution ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Agricultural Research Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Research Service

Peach fruit set is affected by cumulative chill and spring frost. A spring frost occurred on 29 Mar. 2015 at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Byron station after 3 weeks of bloom, reducing fruit set and resulting in many buttons (abnormally small fruit with dead embryos). Fruit set was rated in 2014, 2015, and 2016 and button set rated in 2015 using the same scale (0 = no fruit/button to 9 = 1–2 fruit/button at every node). The overall fruit set rating was substantially different in the 3 years, averaging 5.61 in 2014, 2.61 in 2015, and 6.04 in 2016. Buttons and skin-damaged fruit in 2015 varied among peach genotypes. Comparison of fruit and button set ratings showed that there was no difference between cultivars and selections, but some significant differences in fruit set for four ripening months, among the 3 years, and among the nine chilling classes, respectively. Among the cultivars, the most common button set rating was 0–3. For example, ‘Sunprince’, ‘Loring’, and ‘Carored’ trees had a high button set rating, whereas ‘Flameprince’, ‘Julyprince’, and ‘Contender’ trees were low. As for peach selections, BY04P1690n was among those with the highest button set rating. In the population derived from a cross of button-prone BY04P1690n and button-free BY99P3866w, fruit and button counts from 10 long fruiting shoots ranged from 4 to 53 fruit (21.63 on average) and 2 to 27 buttons (10.39 on average). The peach button rate ranged from 5.36% to 87.10% (30.70% on average). The range, distribution, and percentage of the button counts suggested that, if buttoning was genetically controlled, it appeared quantitative. Further assessment is needed.

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