scholarly journals Estimation of cancer incidence in the male population of the Altai Krai affected by the Semipalatinsk nuclear test

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
A. O. Kovrigin ◽  
V. A. Lubennikov ◽  
I. B. Kolyado ◽  
I. V. Vikhlyanov ◽  
A. F. Lazarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Control Cohort ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site

The purpose of the study was to analyze the cancer incidence in the males born from 1932 to 1949 and living in rural settlements of the municipal districts of the altai Krai affected by the traces from semipalatinsk first nuclear test on august 29, 1949. Material and methods. an epidemiological retrospective cohort study was based on the analysis of anonymized data on newly diagnosed and morphologically verified cases of cancer in a male cohort for the period from 2007 to 2016. the study included a cohort fixed by the date of the first nuclear test with a total of 6383 males. in total, 633 cases were identified in the cohort with newly diagnosed and morphologically verified cancer. at the beginning of the study, all males were alive and had no previous diagnosis of cancer. For a comparative analysis of the cancer incidence, the main (exposed) cohort comprised 2 291 men, and the control cohort included 4 092 men, who lived in rural settlements of municipal districts of the region and were not tracked during the first nuclear test conducted at the semipalatinsk test site. the person-time incidence rate (ptR), standard error (mptR) and confidence intervals (95 % ci) were calculated. the incidence and the relative risk of developing cancer were assessed. statistical analysis was carried out using microsoft office 2016. Results. the number of person-years in the main cohort was 1 6731 person-years, and in the control was 30 747. The incidence rate of person-time (ptR) in the main cohort was 2 032.22 × 105 person-years, with mptR equal to 110.21 and confidence intervals (95 % ci) – (1 811.80–2 252.64). in the control cohort, the corresponding values were: ptR – 952.94 × 105 person-years with mptR – 55,67 and 95 % ci (841.60–1 064.28). the most common cancer localizations in men of the main cohort were: digestive organs (c15-c26), respiratory and chest organs (c30-c39), skin (c43-c44), male genitals (c60-c63). in the control group, the most common localizations were respiratory and chest organs (c30-c39), digestive organs (c15-c26), male genital organs (c60-c63) and skin (c43-c44). Conclusion. an increased relative risk of developing malignant neoplasms in men born and living in the altai territory during the first nuclear test conducted at the semipalatinsk test site was revealed (RR=2.133; 95 % ci 1.824–2.493) with standard error of relative risk (s) equal to 0.0797. there were differences in cancer localization between the main and the control cohorts.

scholarly journals Results of EPR Dosimetry for Population in the Vicinity of the Most Contaminating Radioactive Fallout Trace After the First Nuclear Test in the Semipalatinsk Test Site

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (SupplementA) ◽  
pp. A39-A46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander IVANNIKOV ◽  
Kassym ZHUMADILOV ◽  
Eldana TIELIEWUHAN ◽  
Ling JIAO ◽  
Dinara ZHARLYGANOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Radioactive Fallout ◽  
Epr Dosimetry ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site

scholarly journals Hydrological Behaviour of Tritium on the Former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (Kazakhstan) Determined using Stable Isotope Measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pourcelot ◽  
L. León Vintró ◽  
P.I. Mitchell ◽  
M. Burkitbayev ◽  
B. Uralbekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Tritium Activity ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Lake Waters

<p>Tritium and stable isotope (deuterium <sup>2</sup>H and <sup>18</sup>O) concentrations have been determined in natural waters collected from shallow lakes, wells, streams and rivers inside and in the vicinity of the former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (NE Kazakhstan). The Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS) was one of the main proving grounds for the testing of nuclear weapons by the former Soviet Union. Tritium activity concentrations have been determined by liquid scintillation counting, while hydrogen isotopic composition have been determined using a GV-Isoprime mass spectrometer coupled to an elemental analyzer. Tritium activity concentrations recorded in lake waters (in most cases &gt;10 Bq L<sup>-1</sup>) were significantly higher than those in well, stream and the Irtysh River waters. In lake waters, enrichments in deuterium and <sup>18</sup>O (δD and δ<sup>18</sup>O varying between –5 and –64 ‰ V-SMOW and –8.4 and +5.5 ‰ V-SMOW, respectively), and high salt concentrations, strongly suggest that significant evaporation has occurred. In contrast, deuterium and tritium signatures of common’ surface and underground waters at the STS were mostly typical of present-day isotope backgrounds of natural waters in NE Kazakhstan. In STS, come salt lakes like Bajansor and Tumatsor with elevated tritium activity from 12 to 15 Bq L<sup>-1</sup> lie close to the Global Meteoric Water Line. The potential tritium source for these lakes is residual concentration of tritium after former nuclear test in STS. The study provides evidence to show that export of tritium from underground nuclear test areas and tritium enrichment produced by evaporation are both important determinants of tritium concentrations in standing waters on the Semipalatinsk test site.</p>

scholarly journals Scientometric Visualisation of the Documentary Array on Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
Valentina V Rykova ◽  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Busygina
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site ◽  
Scientific Meetings ◽  
Analytical Services

The article presents the analysis of a documentary array on Semipalatinsk nuclear test site using analytical services of the Web of Science database. It identifies the authors, organisations, countries, leading in the publications number at the research field. Shows the journals in which articles on the studied problem are published most frequently. Enumerates scientific meetings where the problems of Semipalatinsk test site were discussed and identifies the most cited publications. Using CiteSpace software, the paper reveals and visualises research fronts and its intellectual bases by means clustering and cluster automated labelling of Semipalatinsk test site papers co-citation network. Document co-citation network and research clusters are revealed using CiteSpace software. It shows, that studies are related to research of medical and biological (genetic changes, diseases as a result of ionizing radiation) effects of nuclear tests and its effects on the environmental situation (degree of contamination of the territory); the effectiveness of various dosimetry methods to determine the degree of radiation exposure on living organisms and objects of inanimate nature. The work represents scientometric visualisation of the documentary array showing research trends on Semipalatinsk nuclear test site.

Questions to the Article of the Infection Rate of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a Combined Analysis of Population Samples (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIEN WEI
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Heterogeneity Test

UNSTRUCTURED The recent article published on July 22 in 2020 remains several questionable issues that are required to clarifications further, particularly for readers who hope to replicate Figure 1 from the data in Table 1. Although I reproduced a similar forest plot based on the effect ratios and their 95% confidence intervals(Cis) similar to Figure 1 in that article, no detailed information about the source of standard error(SE) for each country was seen and addressed. Others like the positive 95% Cis reflecting the negative Z values in the forest plot and the Q statistics used for examining the heterogeneity test are requied to interpretations and classifications. Most importantly, authors did not explain how to estimate the number of infected people in Wuhan, China, to be 143,000 ,significantly higher than the number of confirmed cases(=75,815 in Wuhan, China) that is required to provide the equations or methodologies in an article.

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