Comparison of traditional orthodontic polishing systems with novel non-orthodontic methods for residual adhesive removal

Background and Objective: Endoglin (Eng) deficiency causes hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) and impairs myocardial repair. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in HHT patients are associated with a high incidence of paradoxical embolism in the cerebral circulation and ischemic brain injury. We hypothesized that Eng deficiency exacerbates ischemic brain injury. Methods: Eng heterozygous ( Eng +/- ) mice and wild type (WT) mice underwent permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Infarct volume and CD68 + cells were quantified 3 days and vascular density was determined 60 days after pMCAO. Behavior was assessed by corner test and adhesive removal test at 3, 15, 30 and 60 days after pMCAO. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (Mmp9) and Notch1 expression in bone marrow (BM)-derived macrophages from Eng +/- and WT were analyzed using real-time RT-PCR. Results: Eng +/- mice had a larger Infarct volume than WT mice (22±6% of the affected hemisphere vs. 16±6%, p=0.04). Eng +/- mice had longer adhesive-removal time (p<0.05) and more frequent turning to the lesion side than WT mice at 15, 30 and 60 days (p<0.05) after pMCAO. Both groups had similar numbers of CD68 + cells in the peri-infarct area at 3 days after pMCAO (370±80 vs 338±44 cells/mm 2 , p=0.37), but Eng +/- mice had lower peri-infarct vessel density (417±69 vs 490±52 vessels/mm 2 , p=0.05) at 60 days after pMCAO. Up-regulation of Mmp9 and Notch1 expression in response to VEGF was attenuated in Eng +/- BM-derived macrophages. Conclusions: Endoglin deficiency exacerbated brain injury and behavior dysfunction in mice after pMCAO and was associated with reduced angiogenesis. Although macrophage homing was not affected, reduced expression of two angiogenic-related genes, Mmp9 and Notch1 , by Eng +/- BM-derived macrophages suggests a potential role of these cells in recovery from an ischemic injury.

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Er,Cr:YSGG Laser as a Means of Orthodontic Adhesive Removal: Myth or Reality?

Photobiomodulation Photomedicine and Laser Surgery ◽

10.1089/photob.2020.4983 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 558-565

Author(s):

Hooman Zarif Najafi ◽

Taraneh Estedlal ◽

Maryam Saki ◽

Amir Azmi ◽

Fatemeh Mohamadian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adhesive Removal

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Enzymes Used for Adhesive Removal in Paper Conservation: A literature review

Journal of the Society of Archivists ◽

10.1080/003379810220000006372 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 187-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sandrine Decoux

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Paper Conservation ◽

Adhesive Removal

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Evaluation of enamel surface after bracket debonding and adhesive removal with six different methods

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh190305008a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 148 (7-8) ◽

pp. 404-409

Author(s):

Adriana Arbutina ◽

Marijana Arapovic-Savic ◽

Mirjana Umicevic-Davidovic ◽

Irena Kuzmanovic-Radman ◽

Nenad Nedeljkovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tungsten Carbide ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Enamel Surface ◽

Tooth Surface ◽

Control Group ◽

Common Cause ◽

Ultrasonic Scaler ◽

Adhesive Removal ◽

Microscopy Images

Introduction/Objective. After an orthodontic brackets debonding procedure it is necessary to remove any residual adhesive from the tooth surface, as this is a common cause of enamel damage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the enamel surface after the application of six different methods of adhesive removal following brackets debonding, as well as to compare the duration of these procedures. Methods. For the purpose of this study, 245 human premolars were extracted as part of the orthodontic treatment. Metal brackets were bonded to 210 human premolars with the Aspire adhesive system. After the debonding of brackets, the samples were divided into six groups according to the adhesive removal method applied: tapered fissure tungsten carbide bur, round tungsten carbide bur, composite bur, abrasive disc, adhesive removing pliers, and ultrasonic scaler. Out of 245 premolars, 35 served as a control group. The duration of adhesive removal was recorded. Enamel damages were estimated according to the enamel surface index on the scanning electron microscopy images. Results. Maximum preservation of the enamel surface was accomplished by using a composite bur (1.08). The application of abrasive disc was significantly less time-consuming in comparison to the application of a composite bur (p < 0.01) and an ultrasonic scaler (p < 0.01). Conclusion. The most harmful for the enamel surface was the use of an ultrasonic scaler as well as a round tungsten carbide bur. Adhesive removal done by an abrasive disc thus proved one of the least damaging and the least time-consuming methods.

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Abstract W P98: Activation of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage and Improves Ischemic Stroke Recovery

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.wp98 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhenying Han ◽

Fanxia Shen ◽

Yue He ◽

Vincent Degos ◽

Marine Camus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acetylcholine Receptor ◽

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽

Stroke Recovery ◽

Behavioral Tests ◽

Α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽

Nicotinic Acetylcholine ◽

Α7 Nachr ◽

Adhesive Removal ◽

Inflammatory Macrophages

Background and Purpose: Inflammation influences stroke recovery. Activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAchR) attenuates inflammation. We hypothesize that α7 nAchR agonist treatment reduces pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) and improves ischemic stroke recovery. Methods: C57BL/6 mice underwent permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). They were randomly assigned to 7 groups: injected intraperitoneally with 0.4 or 0.8 mg/Kg PHA568487 (PHA, α7 nAchR agonist), 4 or 6 mg/Kg methyllycaconitine (MLA, α7 nAchR antagonist), or saline immediately after pMCAO, or with 0.8 mg/Kg PHA or 6 mg/kg MLA immediately and 24 hours after pMCAO. Behavior was assessed by corner and adhesive removal tests at 3, 7, and 14 days after pMCAO (n=12). Atrophic volume (n=7) and the percentage of total (CD68 + ) and M1 (CD11b + /Iba1 + ) macrophages (n=6) among total cells in the peri-infarct region were quantified 14 days after pMCAO. The expression of M1 (CD11b and iNOS) and M2 marker (CD206) were quantified using real-time RT-PCR (n=4). Results: Compared to the saline-treated mice, those treated with two doses of 0.8 mg/kg PHA performed better in both behavioral tests at 3 (adhesive: p=0.01, corner: p=0.02) and 7 (adhesive: p=0.005, corner: p=0.03) days, and in the adhesive removal test at 14 days (p=0.004) after pMCAO. They had smaller atrophic volume (16±7 mm 3 vs 26±5 mm 3 , p=0.008), and fewer total (9±2.5% vs 15.8±1.7%, p<0.001) and M1 (14±2.3% vs 20.6±4.2%, p=0.005) macrophages. Mice treated with two doses of 6 mg/kg MLA performed worse in the behavioral tests at all times (p<0.05), had larger atrophic volume (48±20 mm 3 , p=0.03), and more total (25±4.2%, p=0.0003) and M1 macrophages (28±4.5%, p=0.01). The expression of CD11b and iNOS decreased (p<0.05) in the PHA group, and increased (p=0.01) in the MLA group. CD206 expression increased (p=0.04) in the PHA group and did not change in the MLA group. One-dose treatment had no effect. Conclusions: Activation of α7 nAchR reduces pro-inflammatory macrophages in the peri-infarct region, which is associated with reduction of atrophic volume and improvement of behavioral recovery.

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A Master Key to Assess Stroke Consequences Across Species: The Adhesive Removal Test

Advances in the Preclinical Study of Ischemic Stroke ◽

10.5772/32327 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Valentine Bouet ◽

Thomas Freret

Keyword(s):

Adhesive Removal

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Enamel Roughness Changes after Removal of Orthodontic Adhesive

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj6030039 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Felipe Weidenbach Degrazia ◽

Bruna Genari ◽

Vilmar Antonio Ferrazzo ◽

Ary dos Santos-Pinto ◽

Renésio Armindo Grehs

Keyword(s):

Damage Index ◽

Enamel Surface ◽

Time Duration ◽

Sem Images ◽

Diamond Bur ◽

Enamel Roughness ◽

Adhesive Removal ◽

Micromorphological Analysis

The aim of this study was to evaluate enamel roughness, quality of the enamel surfaces and time duration comparing different orthodontic adhesive removal protocols. Premolars were used to test three adhesive removal methods (n = 20): five-blade carbide bur, 30-blade carbide bur, and ultrasonic diamond bur. Bracket was bonded using TransbondTM XT adhesive. Roughness with different parameters was measured before bracket bonding and after adhesive remnants removal. Micromorphological analysis of enamel surface (n = 5) was performed by SEM images and categorized in enamel damage index—“perfect”; “satisfying”; “imperfect”; and “unacceptable”. Time was measured in seconds. All removal methods caused increased roughness in relation to Ra, Rq, and Rz parameters (X axis) comparing to healthy enamel surface. Enamel surface resulted from removal using five-blade burs was scored as satisfactory. Carbide bur groups decreased the roughness values of Ra, Rq, and Rz parameters on the Y axis and enamel surface was considered unacceptable. The 30-blade group increased symmetry (Rsk) and flattening (Rku) parameters of roughness and surface was scored as unsatisfactory. Diamond bur removed adhesive in 54.8 s, faster than five-blade carbide bur. The five-blade bur group resulted in less enamel roughness than the 30-blade and diamond groups.

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