Using Bumblebees in Cages as Pollinators for Small Seed Plots

1950 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 523-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Pedersen ◽  
G. E. Bohart
Keyword(s):  
Small Seed

Seed size as a determinant of germination rate in Crepis tectorum (Asteraceae): evidence from a seed burial experiment

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Burial ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Crepis Tectorum ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Relationship

The present study of the winter annual Crepis tectorum examines the relationship between seed (achene) size and the extent to which seeds resist germination during the year of their production. I carried out two seed burial experiments, one at an outcrop site occupied by a small-seeded population, and another in an experimental garden with soil from the same field site, with seeds representing the local population and a segregating generation of a cross between two other populations. Using logistic regression with data corrected for seed viability, I found an association between small seed size and failure to germinate in the first autumn. The small seed size characterizing many outcrop populations may have evolved as a response to selection for delaying germination in a habitat subject to unpredictable droughts during the growth season. Keywords: Crepis tectorum, germination, seed bank, seed size.

scholarly journals The BELT and phenoSEED platforms: shape and colour phenotyping of seed samples

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Halcro ◽  
Kaitlin McNabb ◽  
Ashley Lockinger ◽  
Didier Socquet-Juglard ◽  
Kirstin E Bett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Seed Analysis ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Primary Test

AbstractBackgroundSeed analysis is currently a bottleneck in phenotypic analysis of seeds. Measurements are slow and imprecise with potential for bias to be introduced when gathered manually. New acquisition tools were requested to improve phenotyping efficacy with an emphasis on obtaining colour information.ResultsA portable imaging system (BELT) supported by image acquisition and analysis software (phenoSEED) was created for small-seed optical analysis. Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) phenotyping was used as the primary test case. Seeds were loaded into the system and all seeds in a sample were automatically and individually imaged to acquire top and side views as they passed through an imaging chamber. A Python analysis script applied a colour calibration and extracted quantifiable traits of seed colour, size and shape. Extraction of lentil seed coat patterning was implemented to further describe the seed coat. The use of this device was forecasted to eliminate operator biases, increase the rate of acquisition of traits, and capture qualitative information about traits that have been historically analyzed by eye.ConclusionsIncreased precision and higher rates of data acquisition compared to traditional techniques will help breeders to develop more productive cultivars. The system presented is available as an open-source project for academic and non-commercial use.

scholarly journals Growth and Yields of Bell Pepper and Winter Squash Grown with Organic and Living Mulches

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Roe ◽  
Peter J. Stoffella ◽  
Herbert H. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Arachis Glabrata ◽  
Organic Mulch ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Winter Squash

Increasing disposal problems with polyethylene (PL) mulch and greater availability of compost prompted an investigation into the effects of using compost as a mulch on horizontal raised bed surfaces with living mulches (LMs) on vertical surfaces. Wood chips (WC), sewage sludge-yard trimming (SY) compost, and municipal solid waste (MW) compost were applied at 224 t·ha-1 on bed surfaces. Sod strips of `Jade' (JD) or `Floratam' (FT) St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum Kuntze) or perennial peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) (PP) or seeds of a small, seed-propagated forage peanut (Arachis sp.) (SP) were established on the vertical sides of the raised beds before transplanting bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) into the beds. Phytophthora capsici reduced pepper plant stand in PL-mulched plots compared with organic mulch (OM) and LM. Despite the stand reduction, total pepper yields were highest in PL plots and, in the OM plots, decreased in the order SY > MW > WC. Early fruit yields and yield per plant were highest from plants in PL plots followed by SY. Among LMs, plants in SP plots produced highest early yields and FT produced the lowest. Plants in PL plots produced the largest fruit. When the same plots were seeded with winter (butternut) squash (Cucurbita pepo L.), plant stands were higher in MW than WC and SY. Squash yields were similar between PL and OM plots.

AN ASPIRATOR FOR CLEANING SMALL SEED SAMPLES

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 570-572
Author(s):  
G. Hergert ◽  
F. J. Zillinsky ◽  
J. K. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Small Seed

not available

scholarly journals Increase of seeding material quality of agrarian crops by the pneumatic electric separator

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Urszula Malaga-Toboła ◽  
Stepan Kovalyshyn ◽  
Viktor Dadak ◽  
Ivan Horodetskyy
Keyword(s):  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Force Action ◽  
Separation Channel ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Pneumatic Separation ◽  
Seeding Material ◽  
High Quality Seed ◽  
Seed Crops

A detailed analysis of technical means and methods of seeds separation, as well as the research results of domestic and foreign authors, have proved that one of the perspective methods for getting of high quality seed material is the pneumatic and electric separation.The analysis of research works and the modern technical level of pneumatic separators showed that insufficient attention was paid to the study of aerodynamic separation of small-seed crops, especially, cereal grasses. By the conditions of separation in a vertical pneumatic channel the cereal crops change the area of the midlength section as to the air flow forces, and the probability was increased of getting of seeds with germs to a biologically defective seed without germs. To increase the quality of pneumatic separation one can by the selective orientation of seeds in mixture with longer axis perpendicularly to the flow of air. It is possible to achieve these conditions by the additional force action on seeds (as particles). The response of this force action could be different for a healthy seeds (with germs) and for a non-viable (without embryo) or a weed seed. Such a force effect on the particles of small-seed crop mixtures can be realized by creating of a homogeneous electric field in a separation channel. This requires a theoretical and experimental study of force action on particles during the process of separation, also justification of parameters and operating modes of the pneumatic electric separator. This study is the preconditions for design improvement of the pneumatic electric separator.

scholarly journals The Role of Basketry in Early Holocene Small Seed Exploitation: Implications of a Ca. 9,000 Year-Old Basket from Cowboy Cave, Utah

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil R. Geib ◽  
Edward A. Jolie
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Food Exploitation ◽  
The Continuum

Despite ranking at the low end of the continuum in net caloric benefit relative to other foods, small seeds assumed great dietary importance in many parts of the world, including western North America. In a series of publications, Adovasio (1970a, 1974, 1980, 1986) argued that coiled basketry technology was invented in the eastern Great Basin during the early Holocene as a specialized food-processing technique. Coiled baskets are indeed useful for collecting and processing seeds, but it does not necessarily follow that they were originally designed for this purpose. A whole basket recently discovered at Cowboy Cave in southeastern Utah returned an AMS radiocarbon assay of 7960 ± 50 B.P., making it currently the earliest directly dated coiled basket from the Americas. This basket is not a parching tray and likely had nothing to do with harvesting seeds. We discuss the implications of this find with regard to tracking the temporal spread of coiled basketry technology in western North America and the role of coiled and twined forms in the initiation of small seed exploitation. Coiled and twined baskets for small seed processing may result from reconfiguration of existing technologies to create novel forms suited to a new food exploitation strategy.

Stabilizing Small Seed Dilution Mixtures

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Lavin ◽  
F. B. Gomm
Keyword(s):  
Small Seed
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