Equating Social Inclusion With Income Inequality: A Note on the Recent Reservation Policy in Kerala

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddik Rabiyath

Inequality has increased significantly in the United States during the last three decades. Growing inequality has become a shared value among political actors. Inequality has become problematic and a threat to values of citizens and even the conservatives in U.S. The chapter, therefore, examines the trends in income inequality between 1920s and 2010 and the trends in income inequality between 1979 and 2017. It also focuses on wealth inequality, realities of income inequality at sub-national levels, and income equality along racial and ethnic lines with a specific focus in the years 2007-2016. Also, inequality and social inclusion and social policy measures are discussed.


Author(s):  
Augustine Nduka Eneanya

Inequality has increased significantly in the United States during the last three decades. Growing inequality has become a shared value among political actors. Inequality has become problematic and a threat to values of citizens and even the conservatives in U.S. The chapter, therefore, examines the trends in income inequality between 1920s and 2010 and the trends in income inequality between 1979 and 2017. It also focuses on wealth inequality, realities of income inequality at sub-national levels, and income equality along racial and ethnic lines with a specific focus in the years 2007-2016. Also, inequality and social inclusion and social policy measures are discussed.


Author(s):  
Патимат Султановна Батаева ◽  
Ахмед Магомедович Гачаев

Финансовая доступность - ключевой элемент социальной интеграции, особенно полезный в борьбе с бедностью и неравенством доходов, открывающая во многом возможности для обездоленных слоев населения. Статья направлена на изучение влияния финансовой доступности на сокращение бедности и неравенства доходов, а также их детерминант и условных эффектов в развивающихся странах. Financial inclusion is a key element of social inclusion, especially useful in the fight against poverty and income inequality, opening up many opportunities for the disadvantaged. The article aims to study the impact of financial inclusion on the reduction of poverty and income inequality, as well as their determinants and contingent effects in developing countries.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica Crudu

Poor growth performance over the past decades in Europe has increased concerns for rising income discrepancies and social exclusion. European authorities have recently launched the Europe 2020 strategy which aims to improve social inclusion in Europe on top of already existing European regional policies aiming to reduce regional disparities through stimulating growth in areas where incomes are relatively low. While it is most common to confine measures of inequality to national borders, the existence of such union-wide objectives and policies motivates measuring income dispersion among all Europeans in this paper. Fiscal policy is a powerful tool that changes the distribution of income in either direction, up or down. In this context, the present paper reviews the evolution of income inequality in EU member countries and figures out how fiscal policy (direct taxes) has influenced these outcomes. The paper also examines the contributions of both tax and expenditure policies in reducing income inequality in the EU, highlighting fiscal policy’s impact in different EU member countries.


Author(s):  
Malcolm Torry

This chapter discusses the ways in which a Citizen's Basic Income would reduce poverty and inequality. It first considers how the word ‘poverty’ makes the measurement of the extent of poverty problematic, and suggests an alternative definition that focus on removing the barriers to social inclusion. It then explains how a Citizen's Basic Income scheme could reduce poverty at the point of implementation and how it could also help to repair social rifts and thus the deeper social structures that generate income inequality and other inequalities. It also examines the redistributional effects of a Citizen's Basic Income, and more specifically how it would change the ways in which income is redistributed. In addition to its impact on income redistribution, the chapter shows how a Citizen's Basic Income would lead to a redistribution of the ability to raise one's net income without causing too much burden on high-earning households.


2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Markunas ◽  
Kristine Kelly ◽  
Autumn Wildrick ◽  
Jennifer Salamone
Keyword(s):  

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