Jury Understanding of DNA Evidence: An Empirical Assessment of Presentation Formats for Trace Evidence with a Relatively Small Random Match Probability

Author(s):  
Dale A. Nance ◽  
Scott B. Morris
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 102295
Author(s):  
August E. Woerner ◽  
F. Curtis Hewitt ◽  
Myles W. Gardner ◽  
Michael A. Freitas ◽  
Kathleen Q. Schulte ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Ng ◽  
Robert F. Oldt ◽  
Sreetharan Kanthaswamy

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Bille ◽  
Jo-Anne Bright ◽  
John Buckleton

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (48) ◽  
pp. E7645-E7654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Bouslimani ◽  
Alexey V. Melnik ◽  
Zhenjiang Xu ◽  
Amnon Amir ◽  
Ricardo R. da Silva ◽  
...  

Imagine a scenario where personal belongings such as pens, keys, phones, or handbags are found at an investigative site. It is often valuable to the investigative team that is trying to trace back the belongings to an individual to understand their personal habits, even when DNA evidence is also available. Here, we develop an approach to translate chemistries recovered from personal objects such as phones into a lifestyle sketch of the owner, using mass spectrometry and informatics approaches. Our results show that phones’ chemistries reflect a personalized lifestyle profile. The collective repertoire of molecules found on these objects provides a sketch of the lifestyle of an individual by highlighting the type of hygiene/beauty products the person uses, diet, medical status, and even the location where this person may have been. These findings introduce an additional form of trace evidence from skin-associated lifestyle chemicals found on personal belongings. Such information could help a criminal investigator narrowing down the owner of an object found at a crime scene, such as a suspect or missing person.


Author(s):  
Lirieka Meintjes-Van der Walt ◽  
Priviledge Dhliwayo

The sufficiency of DNA evidence alone, with regard to convicting accused persons, has been interrogated and challenged in criminal cases. The availability of offender databases and the increasing sophistication of crime scene recovery of evidence have resulted in a new type of prosecution in which the State's case focuses on match statistics to explain the significance of a match between the accused's DNA profile and the crime-scene evidence. A number of such cases have raised critical jurisprudential questions about the proper role of probabilistic evidence, and the misapprehension of match statistics by courts. This article, with reference to selected cases from specific jurisdictions, investigates the issue of DNA evidence as the exclusive basis for conviction and important factors such as primary, secondary and tertiary transfer, contamination, cold hits and match probability which can influence the reliability of basing a conviction on DNA evidence alone, are discussed.


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