scholarly journals Explaining continuity in substance use: The role of criminal justice system involvement over the life course of an urban African American prospective cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry M. Green ◽  
Elaine E. Doherty ◽  
Munjireen S. Sifat ◽  
Margaret E. Ensminger
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
African American ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Justice System ◽  
System Involvement ◽  
The Life Course

Cumulative Disadvantage in the American Criminal Justice System

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan C. Kurlychek ◽  
Brian D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Cumulative Disadvantage ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Criminal Case Processing

Research on inequality in punishment has a long and storied history, yet the overwhelming focus has been on episodic disparity in isolated stages of criminal case processing (e.g., arrest, prosecution, or sentencing). Although theories of cumulative disadvantage exist in criminology, they are seldom adapted to account for treatment in the criminal justice system. We provide an overview of the concept of cumulative disadvantage in the life course and review evidence on the development of cumulative disadvantages across stages of the criminal justice system. In doing so, we appraise the empirical research on policing, prosecution, and the courts and consider how these largely separate bodies of scholarship are inherently connected. We conclude with a call for future research that focuses more explicitly on the ways that life-course disadvantages shape contact with the criminal justice system and how these processes work to perpetuate patterns of disadvantage within the system and in subsequent life outcomes.

Racial disparities in treatment service utilization among U.S. adolescent substance abusers with criminal justice system involvement

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
J. Jin ◽  
C. Fuller ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
B. Fan ◽  
N.A. Ukonu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
African American ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Treatment Services

IntroductionPrevious studies have shown that African American youth are over-represented in the Criminal Justice System (CJS). Substance use problems are common among those with CJS involvement. However, less is known regarding racial disparities, among youth with CJS involvement, in receiving substance use treatment services.ObjectiveTo examine racial disparities with regard to receiving treatment services for substance use related problems, among youth with (CJS) involvement.MethodsData were obtained from the 2006–2008 United States National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) in USA. Among White and African American adolescents (Ages 12–17) with recent CJS involvement and who met criteria for alcohol or illicit drug abuse or dependence (N = 602), racial differences in receiving treatment services for substance use problems were examined. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of service access among the adolescents, to see if the racial disparity could be explained by individual-level, family-level, and criminal justice system involvement factors.ResultsWhile 31.2% of White adolescent substance abusers with CJS involvement had received treatment for substance use related problems, only 11.6% of their African American counterparts had received such treatment (P = 0.0005). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that access to treatment services can be predicted by substance use related delinquent behaviors, but that racial disparities in treatment still exist after adjusting for these factors (AOR = 0.24, 95%CI = (0.09,0.59), P = 0.0027).ConclusionsThere is an urgent need to reduce racial disparities in receiving substance use treatment among U.S. youth with CJS involvement.

scholarly journals Health and criminal justice system involvement among African American siblings

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 100359
Author(s):  
Amber L. Beckley ◽  
Rohan H. Palmer ◽  
Michael Rocque ◽  
Keith E. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
System Involvement
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