The Insecticidal Activity of Entomopathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Musca domestica, Chrysomya albiceps and Lucilia sericata against the Mosquito Larvae of Culex pipiens

Amaç: Nekrofaj böcekler ölümden kısa bir süre sonra cesede gelirler. Olay yerindeki nekrofaj böceklerin dağılımı, biyolojisi ve davranışı ile ilgili bulgular ölüm hakkında önemli ipuçları sağlar. Cesetteki nekrofaj böcek delilleri ile ilgili en yaygın uygulama, ölümden sonra geçen sürenin tahmin (PMI) edilmesidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin kuzeyinde bulunan Samsun ilindeki nekrofaj Diptera takımına ait tür topluluğunu ve çeşitliliğini tespit etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Samsun’dan seçilen iki farklı doğal bölgeye 2017 yılının Haziran, Temmuz ve Ağustos aylarında içerisinde 150 gr ciğer olan 3 tuzak (toplam 6) yerleştirilmiş ve 2 günde bir kontrol edilmek suretiyle materyaller toplanmıştır. Materyallerin tanısı Spilza’nın teşhis anahtarına göre yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızda her iki bölgede örneklem gruplarında türlerin biyo çeşitlilililik indeksini belirlemek için, Shannon Wiener veSimpson Çeşitlilik İndeksleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular ve Sonuç: Araştırma süresince iki farklı bölgeden Diptera takımının 3 farklı familyası içinde yer alan 6 türe ait 2877 örnek toplanmıştır. Calliphora vicina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830), Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826), Sarcophaga (Liopygia) argyrostoma (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830), Sarcophaga similis (Meade, 1876), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) ve Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) yem tuzaklarından elde edilmiştir. Yaz mevsimi boyunca her iki bölgede görülen bütün türler arasındaki farklılık anlamlı değildir. L. sericata yaz mevsimi boyunca her iki bölgede populasyon yoğunluğu en yüksek oranda görülen türdür. Ch. albiceps 15 Temmuz-15 Ağustos tarihleri arasında sadece Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi kampüs alanında görülmüştür. S. similis ise sadece ağustos ayında görülmüştür. C. vicina, L. sericata, S. argyrostoma her iki bölgede yaz mevsimi boyunca sürekli görülmüştür.

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DEVELOPMENT OF Chrysomya albiceps WIEDEMANN, 1819 (DIPTERA: CALLIPHORIDAE) AND Musca domestica LINNAEUS, 1758 (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) REARED TOGETHER IN PIG TISSUES.

Revista de Patologia Tropical / Journal of Tropical Pathology ◽

10.5216/rpt.v48i1.52568 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 46-60

Author(s):

Cíntia De Campos Chaves ◽

Manuela Campos ,Ferreira ◽

Júlio Mendes

Keyword(s):

Musca Domestica ◽

Trophic Interactions ◽

Forensic Entomology ◽

Animal Health ◽

Growth Time ◽

Chrysomya Albiceps ◽

Pure Cultures ◽

Successful Colonization ◽

Shed Light ◽

Better Than

Chysomya albiceps and Musca domestica are important for forensic entomology, and human and animal health. This study analyzed the effects of the coexistence of C. albiceps and M. domestica reared in four different assays in two pig tissues, brain and intestine: assay 1, interaction between the larvae of the same age; assay 2, interaction between larvae of C. albiceps 24 hours older than larvae of M. domestica; assay 3, interaction between larvae of M. domestica 24 hours older than the larvae of C. albiceps; assay 4, larvae of both species were reared together in flasks with a small supply of food. Weight of larvae, growth time and imago emergence frequency were studied. C. albiceps responded better than M. domestica under most conditionstested. Larvae of C. albiceps responded better in mixed cultures (together with M. domestica) than in pure cultures (larvae of the same species). In contrast, M. domestica responded better when reared in pure cultures. Both species presented shorter growth times when their larvae were reared in intestine tissue with larvae 24 hours younger than the larvae of the concurrent species, compared to their respective growth times in pure cultures. The results confirmed that trophic interactions are relevant to the successful colonization of carrion by C. albiceps. Coexistence of the two species may result in changes in values of their biological components. The results also help to shed light on the biology of the two species in carrion.

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Study the change in the mosquito larvae (Culex pipiens) in water treated with short pulses electric filed

Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1080/15368378.2021.2012787 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Ebtesam A. Mohamad ◽

Alyaa A. Elfky ◽

Reem H. El-Gebaly ◽

Amira Afify

Keyword(s):

Culex Pipiens ◽

Mosquito Larvae ◽

Short Pulses ◽

Electric Filed

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The Development and Growth of the House Fly Musca domestica vicina and the Blowfly Lucilia sericata

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3923/pjbs.1999.498.502 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 498-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E.M. El-Kady . ◽

A.M. Kheirallah . ◽

A.N. Kayed . ◽

S.I. Dekinesh . ◽

Z.A. Ahmed .

Keyword(s):

Musca Domestica ◽

House Fly ◽

Lucilia Sericata

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Potential for Bacillus thuringiensis and Other Bacterial Toxins as Biological Control Agents to Combat Dipteran Pests of Medical and Agronomic Importance

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12120773 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 773

Author(s):

Daniel Valtierra-de-Luis ◽

Maite Villanueva ◽

Colin Berry ◽

Primitivo Caballero

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Yellow Fever ◽

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Bacterial Toxins ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Bacterial Proteins ◽

Entomopathogenic Bacteria ◽

Biological Control Of Insects

The control of dipteran pests is highly relevant to humans due to their involvement in the transmission of serious diseases including malaria, dengue fever, Chikungunya, yellow fever, zika, and filariasis; as well as their agronomic impact on numerous crops. Many bacteria are able to produce proteins that are active against insect species. These bacteria include Bacillus thuringiensis, the most widely-studied pesticidal bacterium, which synthesizes proteins that accumulate in crystals with insecticidal properties and which has been widely used in the biological control of insects from different orders, including Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera. In this review, we summarize all the bacterial proteins, from B. thuringiensis and other entomopathogenic bacteria, which have described insecticidal activity against dipteran pests, including species of medical and agronomic importance.

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Cytotoxicity against HL60 Cells of Ficifolidione Derivatives with Methyl, n-Pentyl, and n-Heptyl Groups

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24224081 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (22) ◽

pp. 4081

Author(s):

Hisashi Nishiwaki ◽

Megumi Ikari ◽

Satomi Fujiwara ◽

Kosuke Nishi ◽

Takuya Sugahara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Alkyl Group ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Mosquito Larvae ◽

Leukaemia Cell ◽

Leukaemia Cell Line ◽

Hl60 Cells ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

Alkyl Groups

Ficifolidione, a natural insecticidal compound isolated from the essential oils of Myetaceae species, is a spiro phloroglucinol with an isobutyl group at the C-4 position. We found that ficifolidione showed cytotoxicity against cancer cells via apoptosis. Replacement of the isobutyl group by n-propyl group did not influence the potency, but the effect of the replacement of this group by a shorter or longer alkyl group on the biological activity remains unknown. In this study, ficifolidione derivatives with alkyl groups such as methyl, n-pentyl, and n-heptyl group—instead of the isobutyl group at the C-4 position—were synthesized to evaluate their cytotoxicity against the human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line HL60 and their insecticidal activity against mosquito larvae. The biological activities of their corresponding 4-epimers were also evaluated. As a result, the conversion of the isobutyl group to another alkyl group did not significantly influence the cytotoxicity or insecticidal activity. In HL60 cells treated with the n-heptyl-ficifolidione derivative, the activation of caspase 3/7 and the early stages of apoptosis were detected by using immunofluorescence and flow cytometric techniques, respectively, suggesting that the cytotoxicity should be induced by apoptosis even though the alkyl group was changed.

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Characterization of phenoloxidases from larval cuticle of Sarcophaga bullata and a comparison with cuticular enzymes from other species

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z87-181 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 1158-1166 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

F. Michael Barrett

Keyword(s):

Musca Domestica ◽

Sodium Azide ◽

Lucilia Sericata ◽

Phormia Regina ◽

Ph Optimum ◽

Larval Cuticle ◽

Sarcophaga Bullata ◽

Tyrosinase Enzyme ◽

Laccase Enzyme

A tyrosinase, enzyme A, and a laccase, enzyme B, have been partially purified from larval cuticle of the flesh fly Sarcophaga bullata. Enzyme A (EC 1.10.3.1, o-diphenol: O2 oxidoreductase) oxidizes o-diphenols but not p-diphenols, is strongly inhibited by phenylthiourea, and has a pH optimum around pH 6.5–7.0. Assays on intact cuticle suggest that it becomes maximally activated at pH between 8 and 9. Enzyme B (EC 1.10.3.2, p-diphenol: O2 oxidoreductase) oxidizes both o-diphenols and p-diphenols, is not inhibited by phenylthiourea but is inhibited by concentrations of sodium azide that have little effect on enzyme A, and has a pH optimum near pH 4.5. Enzyme A was identified in extracts of cuticle from nine other species representing five orders. Enzyme B was much less readily extractable but was partially purified from larval cuticle of Phormia regina, Musca domestica, and Lucilia sericata. A summary of all species studied to date makes possible the test of a hypothesis about the distribution of these cuticular phenoloxidases within the Insecta.

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