Subjective Effects and Safety of Whole and Tampered Morphine Sulfate and Naltrexone Hydrochloride (ALO-01) Extended-Release Capsules versus Morphine Solution and Placebo in Experienced Non-Dependent Opioid Users

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 777-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Stauffer ◽  
Beatrice Setnik ◽  
Marta Sokolowska ◽  
Myroslava Romach ◽  
Franklin Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Morphine Sulfate ◽  
Naltrexone Hydrochloride ◽  
Morphine Solution ◽  
Opioid Users

scholarly journals Assessing the Subjective and Physiological Effects of Intranasally Administered Crushed Extended-Release Morphine Formulations with and without a Sequestered Naltrexone Core in Recreational Opioid Users

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e55-e62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Setnik ◽  
Veeraindar Goli ◽  
Naama Levy-Cooperman ◽  
Catherine Mills ◽  
Megan Shram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Time ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Morphine Sulfate ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Opioid Users ◽  
Drug Liking

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of morphine sulfate and naltrexone hydrochloride extended-release (MSN) capsules compared with controlled-release morphine sulfate (MS) and placebo when crushed and administered intranasally.METHODS: The present study was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single-dose (30 mg), three-way crossover study in healthy, nondependent recreational opioid users. PD measures included assessment of subjective drug effects using visual analogue scales (VAS) ranging from 0 to 100 and assessments of pupil diameter. Blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analyses.RESULTS: Both MS and MSN showed significantly higher PD values compared with placebo. MSN showed significantly lower scores for drug liking and high VAS scores on both mean peak effect (Emax) (69.6 and 55.2, respectively) and in area under the effect curve over 2 h (86.3 and 66.7, respectively) following dosing compared with MS (Emax87.6 and 86.6, respectively; area under the curve over 2 h 120.6 and 132.9, respectively; P<0.001). MSN showed significantly lower Emaxfor all other positive subjective effects (good drug effects, overall drug liking, and take drug again VAS scores) compared with MS (P<0.001). Peak minimum pupil diameter was significantly larger for MSN than MS (P=0.002). Mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and median time to Cmaxfor morphine following administration of MSN and MS were similar (27.3 ng/mL and 0.57 h versus 27.7 ng/mL and 0.6 h, respectively). Naltrexone mean Cmaxwas 1497 pg/mL after MSN and median time to Cmaxwas 0.55 h.CONCLUSIONS: When crushed and administered intranasally, MSN was associated with significantly lower ratings of drug liking and other positive subjective effects compared with MS.

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