The toxicity evaluation of wastewater from the chemical industry

The purpose of our investigation was the acute and chronic toxicity evaluation of the wastewater from the chemical industry, while the previous study had indicated high toxicity of the receiving streams far away from the point of wastewater inflow. The luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum and invertebrate Daphnia magna were used for toxicity tests. The results of the toxicity tests showed that the investigated wastewater contained toxic substances, which caused acute and chronic toxicity to test organisms. Daphnia magna were more sensitive than Photobacterium phosphoreum. The acute toxicity of the wastewater on daphnids disappeared after dilution to 1:420, but the chronic toxicity did not disappear earlier than 1:1350.

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Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Prothioconazole and its Metabolite Prothioconazole-Desthio To Daphnia Magna

10.21203/rs.3.rs-692338/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

An Xuehua ◽

Liu Xinju ◽

Jiang Jinhua ◽

Wang Feidi ◽

Lv Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Parent Compound ◽

Biological Indicators ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Dose Response Relationship ◽

Toxicological Effects ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity ◽

Growth And Reproduction

Abstract Prothioconazole (PTC) is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide. Current research has mainly focused on its efficacy and residues, with few studies on its toxicological effects. This study assessed the effects of PTC, and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio (PTCd), on the inhibition of activity, growth, and reproduction of Daphnia magna using acute and chronic toxicity tests. Additionally, the dose-response relationship was established to determine sensitive biological indicators. The acute toxicity test shows that the 48 h EC50 of PTC and PTCd to D. magna were 2.82 and 5.19 mg/L, respectively. The chronic toxicity of PTC and PTCd to D. magna were 0.00860 and 0.132 mg/L, respectively, with the parent compound being 15.3 times more toxic than its metabolite. The acute to chronic toxicity ratio (ACR) was calculated using chronic toxicity data, with ACR values of 227 and 27.5 for PTC and PTCd, respectively. These results indicate that both PTC and PTCd affect the growth and reproduction of D. magna, and the toxicity of the parent compound is greater than that of its metabolite. In conclusion, the metabolites of this pesticide have sufficient toxicity to harm D. magna at relevant environmental concentrations, and their environmental risk should not be neglected.

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Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia Have Similar Sensitivity in Standard Acute and Chronic Toxicity Tests

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ◽

10.1002/etc.5249 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kristin A. Connors ◽

Jessica L. Brill ◽

Teresa Norberg‐King ◽

Mace G. Barron ◽

Greg Carr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Ceriodaphnia Dubia ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity

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Daphnia magna as a test animal in acute and chronic toxicity tests

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1007/bf00020773 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 125-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

D. M. M. Adema

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Test Animal ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity

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A comparative study of the acute toxicity of the herbicide atrazine to cladocerans Daphnia magna, Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Macrothrix flabelligera

Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia ◽

10.1590/s2179-975x2014000100002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Raquel Aparecida Moreira ◽

Adrislaine da Silva Mansano ◽

Lidiane Cristina da Silva ◽

Odete Rocha

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Native Species ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Tropical Freshwaters ◽

Test Organisms ◽

Herbicide Atrazine ◽

Acute Toxicity Tests

AIM: In this study we compared the sensitivity of three species of Cladocera, Daphnia magna, Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Macrothrix flabelligera, to the commercial product of the herbicide Atrazine, the Atrazine Atanor 50 SC® (500 g/L), widely used on crops in Brazil. METHODS: Acute toxicity tests were performed at the nominal atrazine concentrations 2.25, 4.5, 9.0, 18.0, 36 and 72 mg L-1, on C. silvestrii and M. flabelligera and at 2.25, 4.5, 9.0, 18.0, 36, 72 and 144 mg L-1 on D. magna. The range of concentrations tested was established in a series of preliminary tests. RESULTS: The toxicity tests showed that the two species naturally occurring in water bodies in Brazil were more susceptible than Daphnia magna. The effective concentrations of Atrazine Atanor 50 SC® (EC50- 48 h) to the species M. flabelligera, C. silvestrii and D. magna were 12.37 ± 2.67 mg L-1, 14.30 ± 1.55 mg L-1 and 50.41 ± 2.64 mg L-1, respectively. Furthermore, when EC50 observed here for M. flabelligera and C. silvestrii were compared with published values of EC50 or LC50 (mg L-1) for various aquatic organisms exposed to atrazine, it was seen that these two cladocerans were the most sensitive to the herbicide. CONCLUSIONS: Considering these results and the broad distribution of C. silvestrii and M. flabelligera in tropical and subtropical regions, it is concluded that these native species would be valuable test organisms in ecotoxicological tests, for the monitoring of toxic substances in tropical freshwaters.

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