Role of non-point sources in the development of a water quality management plan for the Mgeni River catchment

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Pegram ◽  
A. J. Bath
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Source Area ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Basin Scale

Integrated river basin management depends upon information about existing and potential water quality problems. In the Mgeni River basin, the major water quality problems are sediment, nutrient and bacterial with at least 85 percent of the total contamination derived from non-point sources. This paper shows that it is of paramount importance that the development of management objectives and approaches be based on the understanding, quantification and interpretation of the seasonal and spatial variation in export from non-point source areas. Management and analysis requires the grouping of all non-point source areas into diffuse, concentrated and incident sources, with the emphasis on the source area and pollutant delivery rather than the water quality response. Traditionally monitored data is not sufficient for detailed interpretation of non-point source pollution. Comments are made regarding the problems associated with obtaining representative loading data for non-point sources. The choice of appropriate analysis techniques, which assist in the interpretation of the available data, is based upon an assessment of the information requirements for management, the conditions and the water quality problems in the study catchment. GIS-based basin scale and individual source area maps of pollution potential and export are used to support the time-series of catchment export. These techniques will be incorporated into the management information system (MIS).

Innovative Tools for Water Quality Management and Policy Analysis: Desert and Streamplan

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Carlo De Marchi ◽  
Pavel Ivanov ◽  
Ari Jolma ◽  
Ilia Masliev ◽  
Mark Griffin Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Alternative Water

This paper presents the major features of two decision support systems (DSS) for river water quality modeling and policy analysis recently developed at the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), DESERT and STREAMPLAN. DESERT integrates in a single package data management, model calibration, simulation, optimization and presentation of results. DESERT has the flexibility to allow the specification of both alternative water quality models and flow hydraulics for different branches of the same river basin. Specification of these models can be done interactively through Microsoft® Windows commands and menus and an easy to use interpreted language. Detailed analysis of the effects of parameter uncertainty on water quality results is integrated into DESERT. STREAMPLAN, on the other hand, is an integrated, easy-to-use software system for analyzing alternative water quality management policies on a river basin level. These policies include uniform emission reduction and effluent standard based strategies, ambient water quality and least-cost strategies, total emission reduction under minimized costs, mixed strategies, local and regional policies, and strategies with economic instruments. A distinctive feature of STREAMPLAN is the integration of a detailed model of municipal wastewater generation with a water quality model and policy analysis tools on a river basin scale.

Water Quality Management in Sakarya River Basin: I. Planning Phase

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
I Ethem Gönenç ◽  
Derin Orhon ◽  
Reha Artan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Model Development ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Basin Management ◽  
Sakarya River ◽  
Management Project

This article deals with the planning of water quality management studies of the “Sakarya River Basin Management Project” which was submitted to NATO Science Committee for support through the Science for Stability Program. The background and justification of the project are described and then the objectives are presented by phases. The activities that have already been carried out in the planning and the feasibility phases are discussed. A detailed account is given of the procedure for mathematical model development and application, and the methodology for monitoring system design.

scholarly journals A simple water quality model as a tool for the evaluation of alternative river basin management plans

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Basin Management ◽  
River Basin District ◽  
Management Plans

<p>A key component in the implementation of Water Framework Directive is the development of a river basin management plan for each river basin district. Water quality models are important tools to test the effectiveness of alternative management plans on the water quality of the respective water bodies. The main objective of the present study was to develop and demonstrate the use of a rather simple water quality model as a tool for the evaluation of alternative water management scenarios for the river basin district of Evrotas. Furthermore an extension of the water quality model based on Monte Carlo simulation to provide for uncertainty identification is also exhibited. The model is based on the basic principles of the Streeter-Phelps model. A hierarchical approach was developed in order to delineate a complex hydrographic network into a series of water bodies being connected by convective terms. The pollution loads which were used as input data were related both to point sources and non-point sources. Based on the results a substantial removal of organic carbon load originating from the industrial activities is needed in order to achieve high dissolved oxygen concentrations throughout the entire hydrosystem even at the dry period.</p>

StreamPlan: a support system for water quality management on a river basin scale

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Jolma ◽  
Carlo De Marchi ◽  
Mark Smith ◽  
B.J.C. Perera ◽  
László Somlyódy
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Support System ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
River Basin Scale ◽  
Basin Scale

Systems analysis applied to the St. John River

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. McBean ◽  
Russell J. deLucia
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Nutrient Regime

The difficulties and capabilities of mathematical models as applied to the problem of derivation of a detailed water quality management plan for the American portion of the St. John River are described. The international implications considered within the plan derivation are included.Specific attention is given to the iterative calibration efforts undertaken as part of the utilization of mathematical models. The relative magnitudes of the nutrient regime sources as derived from nonpoint and point sources are characterized.

Water Quality Management and Legislation in Hungary - A River Basin Approach

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Sándor Kisgyörgy ◽  
György Botond ◽  
John M. Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
European Union ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Institutional Economic

The project summarised in this paper was aimed at developing water quality legislation in Hungary and funded through the PHARE programme of the European Union. Hungary, in common with the other former Eastern European countries, is in a period of transition as it moves from a state socialist system to a free market economy and a full member of the European Union. The project sought to explore the means whereby water quality could be managed on a river basin basis and the legislative, institutional, economic and regulatory challenges resolved. A key element of the project was the carrying out of five case studies, on different catchments, to evaluate the various approaches. An important element of these studies was the participation of all interested parties in the individual catchments. The project showed that to move to a full system of integrated river basin management would be a step too far at this stage and, instead, recommended a system of Catchment Planning Commissions, accountable to Central Government, for the development of catchment based water quality objectives and plans for their achievement together with the monitoring and reporting of progress on implementation. The concomitant legal requirements were detailed and the need for public participation emphasised.

Water quality management in the Kaoping River watershed, Taiwan

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-M. Kao ◽  
K.-F. Chen ◽  
Y.-L. Liao ◽  
C.-W. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
The Government

The Kaoping River basin is the largest and the most intensively used river basin in Taiwan. It is 171 km long and drains a catchment of more than 3,250 km2. Based on the current water quality analysis, the Kaoping River is heavily polluted. Concern about the deteriorating condition of the river led the Government of Taiwan to amend the relevant legislation and strengthen the enforcement of the discharge regulations to effectively manage the river and control the pollution. Investigation results demonstrate that both point and non-point source pollutants are now the causes of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), nutrients, and pathogens in the river. The main water pollution sources are livestock wastewater from hog farms, municipal wastewater, industrial wastewater, non-point source (NPS) pollutants from agricultural areas, and leachate from riverbank landfills. The current daily BOD, NH3-N, and TP loadings to Kaoping River are 74,700, 39,400, and 5,100 kg, respectively. However, the calculated BOD, NH3-N, and TP carrying capacities are 27,700, 4,200, and 600 kg per day. To protect public health and improve the river water quality, a comprehensive management and construction strategy is proposed. The proposed strategy includes the following measures to meet the calculated river carrying capacity: (1) a hog ban in the entire Kaoping River basin, (2) sewer system construction to achieve 30% of connection in the basin within 10 years, (3) removal of 10 riverbank landfills, and (4) enforcement of the industrial wastewater discharge standards. After the implementation of the proposed measures, the water quality should be significantly improved and the BOD and nutrient loadings can be reduced to below the calculated carrying capacities.

Waste Allocation Models for Risk Assessment of Water Quality Management in a River Basin

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Gung Wen ◽  
Sing-Yih Fu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Programming Algorithm ◽  
Quality Management Model ◽  
Suitable Treatment

This paper proposes a stochastic water quality management model which considers river flow as a random variable and optimizes waste allocation at point sources. The model is subjected to a chance constrain which can be converted into an equivalent deterministic constrain, and then can be solved by the use of the available deterministic programming algorithm. The allowable discharge loads and degree of required removal of each point source of a river basin are optimized under various degrees of reliability, and can be employed as information for decision making to decide the most suitable treatment degree of wastewater in a river basin.

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