Best management practices applied to urban runoff quantity and quality control

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Braune ◽  
A. Wood
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Best Management ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Accumulation Of Pollutants ◽  
Surface Water Runoff

South Africa currently has one of the highest rates of urbanisation in the world causing a significant increase in surface water runoff. This, in turn, causes increased flooding and a significant decrease in water quality due primarily to the accumulation of pollutants. The need exists to manage urban stormwater runoff on an integrated catchment basis, thereby reducing the negative impact of urbanisation on the environment and quality of life. In this paper, details on how existing problem areas can be identified and ranked, the use of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to reduce the impacts of urbanisation on the environment and the effectiveness of BMP's are discussed and illustrated, based on expertise gained from studies in South Africa as well as visits to the USA and Australia.

scholarly journals FATE AND MOVEMENT OF NO3– N AS A RESULT OF STAGED LEACHING IRRIGATION EVENTS AND FERTILIZER SOURCE DURING POTATO PRODUCTION IN NORTHEAST FLORIDA

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 498B-498
Author(s):  
Christine M. Worthington ◽  
Chad M. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽  
Run Off ◽  
N Loading ◽  
Surface Water Runoff

The St. Johns River has been identified by the state of Florida as a priority water body in need of restoration. Best Management Practices were evaluated for potato (Solanum tuberosum L. `Atlantic') production in the Tri-County Agricultural Area to reduce nitrate run-off from about 9,300 ha in production. Objectives of this study were 1) determine the influence of soluble and controlled release fertilizer (CRF) and timing of leaching irrigation on nitrate leaching and 2) compare yield and quality of the potato crop fertilized with either a soluble or controlled release nitrogen fertilizer in a seepage irrigated production system. The experiment was a split-split plot with four replications. Main plots were irrigation events (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after planting, (WAP)), nitrogen source and rates included (ammonium nitrate (AN) 224 kg·ha–1 or controlled release fertilizer (CRF) 196 kg·ha–1). About 7.6 cm of water was applied at each irrigation event and surface water runoff collected. CRF decreased NO3-N loading by an average of 35%, 28%, and 32% compared to AN fertilizer during the 2, 8, and 12 WAP irrigation events, respectively, compared to AN. Plants in CRF treatments had significantly higher total and marketable tuber yields (30 and 25 t·ha–1) compared to plants in AN treatments (27 and 23 t·ha–1), respectively. Plants in the CRF treatments also had significantly higher total and marketable yields in 2005 (28 and 23 t·ha–1) compared to plants in AN treatments (25 and 21 t·ha–1), respectively. CRF was an effective alternative to conventional soluble forms of fertilizer maintaining yields and protecting natural resources from nonpoint source pollution.

scholarly journals Land Application of Biosolids in the USA: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Lu ◽  
Zhenli L. He ◽  
Peter J. Stoffella
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Potential Risks

Land application of biosolids has proven a cost-effective method of waste disposal by beneficially recycling organic matter and nutrients and improving soil quality; however, it may also pose potential threat to the environment and human health. The purpose of this paper is to provide information on recent research progresses and regulation efforts regarding land application of biosolids, including forms and types and nutrient values of biosolids, environmental and health concerns, and related best management practices (BMPs) of biosolids application, with emphasis on its land application in agriculture. More research and regulations are expected to minimize potential risks of biosolids land application, especially its long-term impacts.

Seasonal variation of fecal indicator bacteria in storm events within the US stormwater database

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xubin Pan ◽  
Kim D. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Streptococcus Group ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Fecal Streptococcus ◽  
The Usa

Bacteria are one of the major causes of surface water impairments in the USA. Over the past several years, best management practices, including detention basins, manufactured devices, grass swales, filters and bioretention cells have been used to remove bacteria and other pollutants from stormwater runoff. However, there are data gaps in the comprehensive studies of bacteria concentrations in stormwater runoff. In this paper, the event mean concentration (EMC) of fecal indicator bacteria (Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, fecal Streptococcus group bacteria, and fecal coliform) across the USA was retrieved from the international stormwater best management practices database to analyze the seasonal variations of inflow and outflow event mean concentrations and removal efficiencies. The Kruskal–Wallis test was employed to determine the seasonal variations of bacteria indicator concentrations and removals, and the two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used for comparing different seasonal outcomes. The results indicate that all the inflow EMC of FIB in stormwater runoff is above the water quality criteria. The seasonal differences of fecal Streptococcus group bacteria and fecal coliform are significant. Summer has the potential to increase the bacteria EMC and illustrate the seasonal differences.

scholarly journals Adoption of Best Management Practices for Grapevine Leafroll and Red Blotch Diseases: A Survey of West Coast Growers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MALCOLM HOBBS ◽  
Selena Vengco ◽  
Michelle Moyer ◽  
Stephanie Bolton ◽  
Larry Bettiga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Vector Ecology ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Best Management ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Industry Professionals

Grapevine leafroll (GLD) and red blotch (RBD) diseases threaten the sustainability of the USA wine grape industry. To understand factors influencing the adoption of disease management practices, we surveyed wine grape industry professionals in California, Oregon, and Washington (n=154). Economic factors were the fundamental cost of implementing management practices and the ability to sell product from diseased vines (salability). Respondents with reduced salability were more likely to adopt virus testing, replace infected vines, and view these practices as economically favorable. Salability was a strong driver for adoption among Californian respondents, but lesser so in Washington where wineries appeared more willing to accept infected product. Respondents who had acquired technical knowledge of disease ecology were more likely to adopt management practices and to perceive them as economical. Conversely, when there was a lack of knowledge of GLD ecology, notably that mealybugs transmit the pathogen, , adoption was reduced and practices were considered less economical,. Factors affecting adoption were broadly generalizable across diseases. However, knowledge of GLD ecology was more strongly associated with adoption, likely reflecting the remaining knowledge gaps in RBD related to vector ecology and field spread. An emphasis on grower knowledge acquisition and the development of economical disease management practices can improve adoption of best management practices for viral diseases of grapevine.

scholarly journals Florida Nurseries: Why Some Struggle and Some Sail Through Economic Hard Times

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-846
Author(s):  
Teresa Olczyk ◽  
Juanita Popenoe ◽  
Ed Skvarch ◽  
Alejandro Bolques
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Hard Times

The Florida nursery industry generated $3 billion in farm gate sales in 2005, positioning Florida as the nation's second largest nursery crop production state after California. The recent downturn in the economy and collapse of the housing market has had a negative impact on some sectors of the industry, forcing many of the nurseries producing landscape plant material out of business, but leaving some nurseries untouched. An informal survey by extension agents indicated that nurseries are coping by using various strategies, including reductions in labor force, increased efficiencies in irrigation and fertilizer, the adoption of best management practices, creative marketing strategies, specialization in the production of unique crops, and innovative production and business techniques.

scholarly journals Preventing Death and Taxus: Review and Recommendations for Managing Taxus in the Landscape with Overview on Phytophthora cinnamomi, Soil, and Nutrition Status

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Root Pathogen ◽  
Best Management ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Longterm Survival

At least three major gardens or arboreta in the USA have experienced periods of significant decline and death of mature Taxus (yews) in the landscape. The symptoms displayed on declining plants are described as chlorosis of the needles, partial defoliation, and death of some of the branches. Eventually, the entire plant may die, but they are typically removed before reaching this stage. Information on managing mature Taxus in the landscape is limited. The objective of this article is to review the literature on Taxus cultural practices and use the information to develop best management practices for Taxus in the landscape. Soil moisture is the most critical factor for health of plants in the landscape. Saturated soils create anaerobic conditions for roots and create an environment ideal for root infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi, the major root pathogen affecting Taxus. During planting, proper site selection and well-drained soil are crucial for the longterm survival of plants. After planting, irrigation should be managed to avoid saturated soil. Management from a nutritional standpoint is poorly understood. Maintaining an appropriate pH of 6.0 to 7.0 and fertilizing plants based on soil and tissue testing is recommended. More research needs to be done to determine optimal fertilization rates and appropriate nutrient concentration in tissue and in soil. When plants become symptomatic, soil should be tested for P. cinnamomi. If the fungus is present, appropriate chemical controls should be used.

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