Bloody Bronchial Cast Formation Due to Alveolar Hemorrhage Associated with H1N1 Influenza Infection

Background: Currently, the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines is assessed by detecting an increase of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies. As neuraminidase (NA)-based immunity may be significant in protecting against influenza infection, detection of neuraminidase inhibiting (NI) antibodies may improve the assessment of the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines. Methods: We investigated the immune response to NA in people after immunization with live influenza vaccines (LAIVs). A number of A/H7NX or A/H6NX viruses were used to detect NI antibodies, using an enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA). Results: Seasonal LAIV immunization stimulated an increase in NI antibodies not only to homologous A/H1N1 influenza, but also to A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H5N1 influenza. After A/17/California/09/38 (H1N1) pdm09 LAIV vaccination, there was no statistical relationship between post-vaccinated antibody seroconversion and two surface glycoproteins in serum samples obtained from the same individuals (p = 0.24). Vaccination with LAIV of H5N2, H2N2, H7N3, and H7N9 subtypes led to 7%–29.6% NI antibody seroconversions in the absence of HI antibody conversions. There was relatively low coordination of hemagglutinin (HA) and NA antibody responses (r = 0.24–0.59). Conclusions: The previously noted autonomy for HI and NI immune responses was confirmed when assessing the immunogenicity of LAIVs. Combining the traditional HI test with the detection of NI antibodies can provide a more complete assessment of LAIV immunogenicity.

Download Full-text

The clinical features and outcome of 2009 H1N1 influenza infection in allo-SCT patients: a British Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation study

Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽

10.1038/bmt.2011.12 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 88-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

R E Protheroe ◽

K E Kirkland ◽

R M Pearce ◽

K Kaminaris ◽

A Bloor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Features ◽

Marrow Transplantation ◽

Influenza Infection ◽

H1n1 Influenza ◽

British Society ◽

Blood And Marrow Transplantation ◽

2009 H1n1 ◽

Transplantation Study

Download Full-text

Construction and Immunogenicity of a Novel Multivalent Vaccine Prototype Based on Conserved Influenza Virus Antigens

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines8020197 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 197 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anna Kirsteina ◽

Inara Akopjana ◽

Janis Bogans ◽

Ilva Lieknina ◽

Juris Jansons ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Matrix Protein ◽

Influenza Infection ◽

Alpha Helix ◽

H1n1 Influenza ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Effective Vaccine ◽

High Dose ◽

Virus Challenge ◽

Practical Applications

Influenza, an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease, remains a significant threat to public health. More effective vaccination strategies aimed at inducing broad cross-protection not only against seasonal influenza variants, but also zoonotic and emerging pandemic influenza strains are urgently needed. A number of conserved protein targets to elicit such cross-protective immunity have been under investigation, with long alpha-helix (LAH) from hemagglutinin stalk and ectodomain of matrix protein 2 ion channel (M2e) being the most studied ones. Recently, we have reported the three-dimensional structure and some practical applications of LAH expressed in Escherichia coli system (referred to as tri-stalk protein). In the present study, we investigated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a panel of broadly protective influenza vaccine prototypes based on both influenza tri-stalk and triple M2e (3M2e) antigens integrated into phage AP205 virus-like particles (VLPs). While VLPs containing the 3M2e alone induced protection against standard homologous and heterologous virus challenge in mice, only the combination of both conserved influenza antigens into a single VLP fully protected mice from a high-dose homologous H1N1 influenza infection. We propose that a combination of genetic fusion and chemical coupling techniques to expose two different foreign influenza antigens on a single particle is a perspective approach for generation of a broadly-effective vaccine candidate that could protect against the constantly emerging influenza virus strains.

Download Full-text