scholarly journals Assessment of Natural Stream Sites for Hydroelectric Dams in the Pacific Northwest Region

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas G. Hall ◽  
Kristin L. Verdin ◽  
Randy D. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Natural Stream ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northwest Region

scholarly journals (Re)considering Squirrel––From Object of Rescue to Multispecies Kin

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Angela Molloy Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Classroom Community ◽  
Early Childhood Classroom ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Child Centered ◽  
Northwest Region

This is a story situated in the Pacific Northwest region of North America, where encounters with a non-native “rescue” squirrel present disequilibrium for an educator and surprises for an early childhood classroom community. Thinking with Haraway, Latour, and common world frameworks challenges the educator’s “back to nature” narrative and generates opportunities to engage with different perspectives about the intersection of nature and culture, human and nonhuman kin, and the limiting quality of anthropocentric, child-centered pedagogies in early childhood education.

Understanding Decision Making by Families About Youth Football Participation Postconcussion

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992094525
Author(s):  
Emily Kroshus ◽  
Deborah Bowen ◽  
Douglas Opel ◽  
Sara P. D. Chrisman ◽  
Frederick P. Rivara
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Contact Sport ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northwest Region

Many families are concerned about their child’s risk of concussion, and some seek counsel from clinicians about whether or not to return to contact sports participation postinjury. The present study sought to identify factors that parents weight most heavily in forming their preferences regarding whether their child should return to contact sport after recovering from a concussion. Survey data were collected from 568 parents of youth football players (aged 7–14 years) in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States (73% response rate). Approximately two thirds (63%) of parents preferred that their child retire from football after one or two concussions. Multivariable linear regression indicated parents above the sample mean in terms of how strongly they valued football participation preferred their child stop after more concussions than parents below the sample mean (β = .44, standard error [SE] = 0.06, p < .001). Factors endorsed by the most parents as making them “much more likely” to want their child to stop playing football included the belief that their child will experience cognitive issues later in life as a result of concussions (65.0%) and that their child will get another concussion while playing football (43.5%). Within the context of a clinical visit postconcussion, physicians may need to help families clarify their values related to football participation and provide information about the potential outcomes of returning to contact sport. A formalized shared decision aid could help support consistent implementation of this potentially challenging conversation.

Mapping “At Risk” Snow in the Pacific Northwest

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1164-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne W. Nolin ◽  
Christopher Daly
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northwest Region

Abstract One of the most visible and widely felt impacts of climate warming is the change (mostly loss) of low-elevation snow cover in the midlatitudes. Snow cover that accumulates at temperatures close to the ice-water phase transition is at greater risk to climate warming than cold climate snowpacks because it affects both precipitation phase and ablation rates. This study maps areas in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States that are potentially at risk of converting from a snow-dominated to a rain-dominated winter precipitation regime, under a climate-warming scenario. A data-driven, climatological approach of snow cover classification is used to reveal these “at risk” snow zones and also to examine the relative frequency of warm winters for the region. For a rain versus snow temperature threshold of 0°C the at-risk snow class covers an area of about 9200 km2 in the Pacific Northwest region and represents approximately 6.5 km3 of water. Many areas of the Pacific Northwest would see an increase in the number of warm winters, but the impacts would likely be concentrated in the Cascade and Olympic Ranges. A number of lower-elevation ski areas could experience negative impacts because of the shift from winter snows to winter rains. The results of this study point to the potential for using existing datasets to better understand the potential impacts of climate warming.

scholarly journals Tagging moisture sources with Lagrangian and inertial tracers: application to intense atmospheric river events

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 785-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Pérez-Muñuzuri ◽  
Jorge Eiras-Barca ◽  
Daniel Garaboa-Paz
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Atmospheric Moisture ◽  
Atmospheric Rivers ◽  
Atmospheric River ◽  
Moisture Sources ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Us ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Thermodynamic Processes

Abstract. Two Lagrangian tracer tools are evaluated for studies on atmospheric moisture sources and pathways. In these methods, a moisture volume is assigned to each particle, which is then advected by the wind flow. Usual Lagrangian methods consider this volume to remain constant and the particle to follow flow path lines exactly. In a different approach, the initial moisture volume can be considered to depend on time as it is advected by the flow due to thermodynamic processes. In this case, the tracer volume drag must be taken into account. Equations have been implemented and moisture convection was taken into account for both Lagrangian and inertial models. We apply these methods to evaluate the intense atmospheric rivers that devastated (i) the Pacific Northwest region of the US and (ii) the western Iberian Peninsula with flooding rains and intense winds in early November 2006 and 20 May 1994, respectively. We note that the usual Lagrangian method underestimates moisture availability in the continent, while active tracers achieve more realistic results.

Elections for the Pacific Northwest Region

Eos ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northwest Region

Outlier-resistant estimators for Poisson sampling: a note

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 794-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S Williams ◽  
Hans T Schreuder
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Usual Estimator ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Realistic Situation ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Generalized Regression Estimator ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Standing Timber

Poisson (3P) sampling is a commonly used method for generating estimates of timber volume. The usual estimator employed is the adjusted estimator, Y hata. The efficiency of this estimator can be greatly influenced by the presence of outliers. We formalize such a realistic situation for high-value timber estimation for which Y hata is inefficient. Here, yi approx beta xi for all but a few units in a population for which yi is large and xi very small. This situation can occur when estimating the net volume of high-value standing timber, such as that found in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. A generalized regression estimator and an approximate Srivastava estimator are not affected by such data points. Simulations on a small population illustrate these ideas.

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