scholarly journals Water Resources Research Program. District heating and cooling utilizing temperature differences of local waters. Preliminary feasibility study for the Chicago 21, South Loop New Town project

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Harrison ◽  
A.A Frigo ◽  
G.T. Kartsounes ◽  
D.J. Santini ◽  
S.J. LaBelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Research Program ◽  
District Heating ◽  
New Town ◽  
Heating And Cooling

scholarly journals Feasibility Study of Network-Based Energy Use among Multiple District Heating and Cooling Areas - Report I - Scheme Development of Profitability Analysis of a Microgrid Consisting of Multiple District Heating and Cooling Areas

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 658-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
BANDO BANDO ◽  
Katsuhisa MATSUZAKI ◽  
Hiroshi ASANO ◽  
Takashi YANAI ◽  
Ken-ichi SASAJIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Profitability Analysis

scholarly journals Modelling a fifth-generation bidirectional low temperature district heating and cooling (5GDHC) network for nearly Zero Energy District (nZED)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Bilardo ◽  
Federico Sandrone ◽  
Guido Zanzottera ◽  
Enrico Fabrizio
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Fifth Generation

scholarly journals Upgrading a District Heating System by Means of the Integration of Modular Heat Pumps, Geothermal Waters, and PVs for Resilient and Sustainable Urban Energy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2347
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Hałaj ◽  
Jarosław Kotyza ◽  
Marek Hajto ◽  
Grzegorz Pełka ◽  
Wojciech Luboń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Geothermal Waters ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The City

Krakow has an extensive district heating network, which is approximately 900 km long. It is the second largest city in terms of the number of inhabitants in Poland, resulting in a high demand for energy—for both heating and cooling. The district heating of the city is based on coal. The paper presents the conception of using the available renewable sources to integrate them into the city’s heating system, increasing the flexibility of the system and its decentralization. An innovative solution of the use of hybrid, modular heat pumps with power dependent on the needs of customers in a given location and combining them with geothermal waters and photovoltaics is presented. The potential of deep geothermal waters is based on two reservoirs built of carbonate rocks, namely Devonian and Upper Jurassic, which mainly consist of dolomite and limestone. The theoretical potential of water intake equal to the nominal heating capacity of a geothermal installation is estimated at 3.3 and 2.0 MW, respectively. Shallow geothermal energy potential varies within the city, reflecting the complex geological structure of the city. Apart from typical borehole heat exchangers (BHEs), the shallower water levels may represent a significant potential source for both heating and cooling by means of water heat pumps. For the heating network, it has been proposed to use modular heat pumps with hybrid sources, which will allow for the flexible development of the network in places previously unavailable or unprofitable. In the case of balancing production and demand, a photovoltaic installation can be an effective and sufficient source of electricity that will cover the annual electricity demand generated by the heat pump installation, when it is used for both heating and cooling. The alternating demand of facilities for heating and cooling energy, caused by changes in the seasons, suggests potential for using seasonal cold and heat storage.

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