scholarly journals Sleep Apnea throughout the First Two Years of Life: Assessment of the Effect of Pacifiers in Patients with ALTE

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Luca Levrini ◽  
Luana Nosetti ◽  
Riggi Letizia ◽  
Montericcio Laura ◽  
Massimo Agosti
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Background: Apparent Life-Threatening Event (ALTE), Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome (OSAs) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) are strongly correlated and few studies analyze the role that pacifiers play in such conditions. Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate how pacifiers affect sleep apnea among children with a history of ALTE. Methods: 10 subjects between 1 month and 2 years of age with a history of idiopathic ALTE were non-selectively recruited. Patients were subjected to cardio-respiratory monitoring at home for two consecutive nights; during the first night, the pacifier was not used, whereas the second night, the pacifier was used by the child for at least four hours sleep. Parents were given an assessment questionnaire to evaluate and report any irritation due to the pacifier use. All obtained traces were blindly analyzed by a pediatric specialist in sleep disorders, more specifically: Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (FC), Electrocardiogram (ECG) and the presence of apneas and/or hypopneas were assessed. In order to evaluate the differences between the average values collected from the two groups, a t-test was performed. Results: The use of the pacifier resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the number of pathological apneas/night (-1.7%; p = 0,0024), an improvement in the average SpO2 (+ 0.8%; p = 0.3328) and an increase in the value of the minimum SpO2 detected (+ 2%; p = 0.2571). Conclusion: The results show that the use of pacifiers improves the respiratory capacity of children that suffer from nocturnal apneas at night.

The Uvula and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-320
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN GUILLEMINAULT
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

In Reply.— Harpey and Renault postulate a relationship between the uvula, obstructive sleep apnea, and sudden infant death syndrome. Although I believe that obstructive sleep apnea syndrome may be one of the mechanisms leading to sudden infant death syndrome, this speculation is extremely controversial. I do concur with Harpey and Renault that obstructive sleep apnea can trigger esophageal reflux. A segment from a sleep recording of a 9-week-old, full-term infant with near-miss sudden infant death syndrome is presented in the Figure.

Five Cases of Near-Miss Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Development of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Christian Guilleminault ◽  
Marianne Souquet ◽  
R. L. Ariagno ◽  
Rowena Korobkin ◽  
F. B. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Polygraphic Recordings ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Five full-term infants were referred for "near miss" sudden infant death syndrome events, which occurred between 3 and 12 weeks of age. After a complete pediatric evaluation and 24-hour polygraphic monitoring, each infant was monitored at home with a cardiorespiratory monitor. Each was followed regularly (with repeat polygraphic recordings) up to 4 years of age. All five infants developed heavy snoring at night and symptoms of obstrutive sleep apnea syndrome. The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was confirmed by polygraphic recordings; surgery was recommended. Four of the five children underwent adenoidectomies between 3 and 4 years of age, and this significantly improved their condition. These five cases are the first polygraphically documented histories of the development of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

scholarly journals The Relation between Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Cengiz ◽  
Suat Konuk ◽  
Tuncer Tuğ
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
History Of ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Aim. We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) levels and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Materials and Method. 44 patients with OSAS and 44 healthy adults were included in this study. The participants having rheumatic or systemic inflammatory disease, advanced liver or kidney failure, diabetes, heart failure, hypertension, pregnancy, prerenal azotemia, known history of coronary artery disease, any pulmonary disease, rhinitis, or atopy, history of major trauma or surgery within the last six 6 months, and inhaled nasal or systemic corticosteroid use or other anti-inflammatory medications and those with <18 years of age were excluded. Serum PAPP-A levels were determined by the Elisa method with the immune sandwich measuring method. Statistical analysis of the study was performed with SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis package program, and p<0.05 was considered as significant. Results. Serum PAPP-A levels of patients with OSAS (2.350 ng/ml (0.641–4.796)) were significantly higher (p<0.001) when compared with healthy controls (0.971 ng/ml (0.109–2.679)). There was a statistically significant difference in serum PAPP-A levels between groups of OSAS patients according to the classification of OSAS severity. Between the groups of patients with OSAS, serum levels of PAPP-A in moderate group was significantly higher when compared with severe OSAS group (p<0.001). There was positive correlations between PAPP-A levels and night minimum (p=0.042,  r=0.309), and average oxygen levels (p=0.006,  r=0.407). There was a negative correlation between PAPP-A levels and AHI (p=0.002,  r=−0.460). Conclusion. Higher PAPP-A levels in OSAS patients that were found in this study show inflammatory component in OSAS.

scholarly journals Mortality of babies enrolled in a community-based support programme: CONI PLUS (Care of Next Infant Plus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J Waite ◽  
Robert C Coombs ◽  
Angela McKenzie ◽  
Charlotte Daman-Willems ◽  
Marta C Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Family ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Support Programme ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Age Range

ObjectiveTo report mortality in babies enrolled on a community-based programme, Care of Next Infant Plus (CONI PLUS), which primarily supports parents anxious because of previous sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) in their extended family or following an apparent life threatening event (ALTE) in their baby.DesignProspective observational study from 1996 to 2010 in the UK.ResultsOf 6487 babies enrolled, 37 died (5.7 per 1000). There were 2789 (43.0%) SUDI related babies of whom, six died suddenly and unexpectedly (2.15 per 1000). Four babies were sharing a sofa at night or a bed with parent(s) who smoked or had consumed alcohol. Of the 1882 (29.0%) babies enrolled following an ALTE, five died suddenly and unexpectedly (2.66 per 1000): four unexplained and one due to infection. None occurred while sharing a sleep surface, and at least three died during the day. The remaining 1816 (28%) babies were enrolled for other reasons. Seven died suddenly and unexpectedly (3.85 per 1000), two were unexplained and none associated with bed sharing.ConclusionsThe number of SUDI deaths in babies enrolled on CONI PLUS is higher than expected from UK averages. Deaths in babies enrolled because of family history of SUDI were mostly associated with inappropriate sharing of a sleep surface at night and mostly outside the peak age range for sudden infant death. The opposite is true for those enrolled following an ALTE. The number of deaths is small but findings suggest a different mechanism for death in these two groups.

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