scholarly journals Bacterial Nosocomial Infection: Experience of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the University Hospital of Marrakech

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Asma Helyaich ◽  
Nadia El Idrissi Slitine ◽  
Fatiha Bennaoui ◽  
abdelmounaim Aboussad ◽  
Nabila Soraa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hygiene Measures

Background and AimNosocomial infections are one of the major causes of morbidity in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Known risk factors include birth weight, gestational age, severity of illness and its related length of stay, and instrumentation.Objective:The purpose of this article is to determine the occurrence of Nosocomial Infections (NIs), including infection rates, main infection sites, and common microorganisms.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted between June 2015 and December 2016.Results:The incidence of nosocomial infection was 16%. The primary reasons for admission were intauterin growth retardation (52.5%).Klebsiella Pneumoniaewas the most commonly identified agent in the blood cultures and in the hospital unit (43.6%). The mortality rate from nosocomial infection was 52.6%. The proportion of infected newborns with a lower than normal birth weight was predominant (58.13%).Conclusion:Thus, prevention of bacterial infection is crucial in these settings of unique patients. In this view, improving neonatal management is a key step, and this includes promotion of breast-feeding and hygiene measures.

scholarly journals An Outbreak of Serratia marcescens in a Moroccan Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abdellatif Daoudi ◽  
Fatiha Benaoui ◽  
Nadia El Idrissi Slitine ◽  
Nabila Soraa ◽  
Fadl Mrabih Rabou Maoulainine
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
The Mean

Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) is an Enterobacteriaceae microorganism that is widespread in the environment, which may be the source of nosocomial infections, rare in the newborn but severe, and often in the form of outbreaks. The aim of our study is to report our experience, during an outbreak of S. marcescens, to show the severity of this germ, with review of the literature. Our study was retrospective, including 8 newborns with S. marcescens nosocomial infection, collected in the neonatal intensive care unit of Mohammed VI University Medical Hospital, during the epidemic period, over a period of 2 months (July and August 2016). The mean gestational age of the cases was 36 weeks of amenorrhea. Boys accounted for 75% of the cases. The average weight was 1853 grams. All the patients were initially placed under empiric antibiotic therapy based on ceftriaxone and gentamicin. The mean duration of nosocomial infection, diagnosed in all cases by blood cultures, was 7 days. The strains of S. marcescens were in 75% of the cases sensitive to the cephalosporins, intermediate sensitivity in 12.5% of cases and resistant in 12.5% of cases. The outcome was fatal in 62.5% of cases. S. marcescens nosocomial infections are often reported on epidemic series, and their eradication is not always easy.

Handwashing Program for the Prevention of Nosocomial Infections in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 742-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sau-Pin Won ◽  
Hung-Chieh Chou ◽  
Wu-Shiun Hsieh ◽  
Chien-Yi Chen ◽  
Shio-Min Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effects of a hand hygiene program on compliance with hand hygiene and the rate of nosocomial infections in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design:Open trial.Setting:A level-III NICU in a teaching hospital.Participants:Nurses, physicians, and other healthcare workers in the NICU.Interventions:A multimodal campaign for hand hygiene promotion was conducted beginning in September 1998. This program consisted of formal lectures, written instructions and posted reminders regarding hand hygiene and proper handwashing techniques, covert observation, financial incentives, and regular group feedback on compliance. Surveillance of handwashing compliance and nosocomial infections before and during the program was analyzed.Results:Overall compliance with hand hygiene improved from 43% at baseline to 80% during the promotion program. The rate of nosocomial infections decreased from 15.13 to 10.69 per 1,000 patient-days (P = .003) with improved handwashing compliance. In particular, respiratory tract infections decreased from 3.35 to 1.06 per 1,000 patient-days during the handwashing campaign (P = .002). Furthermore, the correlation between nosocomial infection of the respiratory tract and handwashing compliance also reached statistical significance (r = -0.385; P = .014).Conclusions:Improved compliance with handwashing was associated with a significant decrease in overall rates of nosocomial infection and respiratory infections in particular. Washing hands is a simple, economical, and effective method for preventing nosocomial infections in the NICU

scholarly journals Health vigilance concerning bacteremia in neonatology - neonatal intensive care unit at the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda (Morocco): epidemiological profile and antibiotic resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Loubna Yacoubi ◽  
Soumia Farih ◽  
Abderazzak Seddari ◽  
Noussaiba Benhamza ◽  
Adnane Aarab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological profile of blood culture isolates in the neonatology - neonatal intensive care unit of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda (Morocco) and to specify the resistance profile of the main germs isolated to antibiotics .This is a retrospective and descriptive study of 21 months from December 14, 2016 to September 14, 2018 and covering all positive blood cultures processed in the microbiology laboratory in accordance with REMIC (reference in medical microbiology) and EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing).contaminated blood cultures were excluded. As results, we collected 275 positive blood cultures. They occurred in the context of intravascular device (IVD) use in 59% (n=162) of cases. The most isolated bacterial groups were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) 41.45 %( n=114), followed by Enterobacteriaceae 32.36 %( n=89).CNS were resistant to all beta-lactams in 57.89 %( n=66), and to glycopeptides in 5.26 %( n=6). Enterobacteriaceae were producers of extended-spectrum betalactamases in 79.77% (n=71) and producers of carbapenemases in 13.48% (n=12) of cases. The alarming increase of enterobacteriaceae isolates and their antibiotic resistance rates should encourage the reinforcement of hygiene measures in our University Hospital.

Effects of underwater bubble CPAP on very-low-birth-weight preterm newborns in the delivery room and after transport to the neonatal intensive care unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Lucia Barros Abelenda ◽  
Tania Cristina Oliveira Valente ◽  
Cirlene Lima Marinho ◽  
Agnaldo José Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Ventilatory Strategy ◽  
Preterm Newborns

The development of less invasive ventilatory strategies in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm newborns has been a growing concern in recent decades. This study aimed to measure differences in the clinical progression of preterm newborns using two distinct periods in a university hospital: before and after using underwater bubble continuous positive airway pressure (ubCPAP). This is a retrospective study of VLBW preterm newborns with gestational ages less than or equal to 32 weeks admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. The time series was divided into two groups: a pre-CPAP group ( n = 45) and a post-CPAP group ( n = 40). The post-CPAP group had fewer resuscitations, required fewer surfactant doses, spent fewer days on mechanical ventilation, and demonstrated less of a need for fraction of inspired oxygen > 30%. UbCPAP is an easy to use, minimally invasive, and effective ventilatory strategy for VLBW preterm newborns that can be used in environments with limited resources. Thus, adopting this simple strategy as part of a service organization and health policy can positively impact outcomes.

Risk Factors for Nosocomial Infection in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato C. Couto ◽  
Tania M. G. Pedrosa ◽  
Cristina de Paula Tofani ◽  
Enio R. P. Pedroso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Device Use

Objective.To determine risk factors for nosocomial infection in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design.A prospective, open cohort study.Setting.A 22-bed NICU.Patients.Neonates admitted to a single NICU during 1994-1998 were included in the study. Outcome variables included central venous catheter (CVC)–associated primary bloodstream infection (BSI), non–CVC-associated primary BSI, pneumonia, and overall nosocomial infection. Independent variables included birth weight, use of mechanical ventilation (MV), duration of MV, use of a CVC, duration of CVC use, duration of NICU stay, gestational age, congenital malformation, maximum (ie, worst) base excess, and maximum and minimum fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) for maintaining appropriate blood saturation levels during the first 12 hours after NICU admission.Results.A total of 1051 neonates were admitted to the NICU. Overall, 358 NIs were diagnosed. Non–CVC-associated primary BSI was the most frequent nosocomial infection (in 195 neonates [54.5%]), followed by pneumonia (46 [12.8%]), and CVC-associated primary BSI (35 [9.8%]). The mortality rate was 16%. In the final logistic regression model, the following 5 risk factors were found to be predictive of nosocomial infection development: use of MV, longer duration of MV, longer duration of CVC use, longer duration of NICU stay, and low maximum appropriate FIO2.Conclusion.Invasive device use and duration of use continue to greatly influence the development of nosocomial infection in NICUs. In our cohort, birth weight showed no influence on the development of nosocomial infection. Low maximum FIO2 influenced the occurrence of overall nosocomial infection.

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