The Influence of HIV-1 Subtype in the Response to Therapeutic Dendritic Cell Vaccine

In the present study, we investigated the influence of HIV-1 subtype in the response to the dendritic cell (DC) therapeutic vaccine for HIV. HIV-1 viral load and TCD8+/TCD4+ cell counts for up to 48 weeks after vaccination. Out of 19 immunized subjects, 13 were infected by subtype B, 5 by subtype F, and 1 by subtype D. Overall, 42.1% (8/19) achieved a viral load decline of ≥ 1 log10sustained up to 48 weeks after immunization. Such magnitude of viral load drop was seen in 80% (4/5) of subtype F infected patients, and in 23.0% (3/13) of the subtype B infected ones (p=0.08). Moreover, mean viral load decline was 1.32 log10, for subtype F infected individuals compared to 0.5 log10among subtype B infected patients (p=0.01). The variation in TCD4+ cell count was not related to HIV-1 subtype. Larger studies are necessary to confirm the efficacy of this immunotherapy and the differential response according to the background genetic diversity of HIV-1.

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Development of a HIV-1 lipopeptide antigen pulsed therapeutic dendritic cell vaccine

Journal of Immunological Methods ◽

10.1016/j.jim.2010.11.002 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 365 (1-2) ◽

pp. 27-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Amanda Cobb ◽

Lee K. Roberts ◽

A. Karolina Palucka ◽

Holly Mead ◽

Monica Montes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Dendritic Cell Vaccine ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Hiv 1

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Therapeutic dendritic-cell vaccine for chronic HIV-1 infection

Nature Medicine ◽

10.1038/nm1147 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1359-1365 ◽

Cited By ~ 310

Author(s):

Wei Lu ◽

Luiz Claudio Arraes ◽

Wylla Tatiana Ferreira ◽

Jean-Marie Andrieu

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Dendritic Cell Vaccine ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Hiv 1

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Vpx-containing dendritic cell vaccine induces CTLs and reactivates latent HIV-1 in vitro

Gene Therapy ◽

10.1038/gt.2014.117 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 227-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

T D Norton ◽

E A Miller ◽

N Bhardwaj ◽

N R Landau

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cell ◽

Dendritic Cell Vaccine ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Latent Hiv ◽

Hiv 1

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Impact of Transcriptome and Gut Microbiome on the Response of HIV-1 Infected Individuals to a Dendritic Cell-Based HIV Therapeutic Vaccine

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9070694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 694

Author(s):

Roque Pastor-Ibáñez ◽

Francisco Díez-Fuertes ◽

Sonsoles Sánchez-Palomino ◽

Jose Alcamí ◽

Montserrat Plana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Dendritic Cell ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Dendritic Cell Vaccine ◽

Short Chain ◽

Cell Vaccine ◽

Type I ◽

Therapy Interruption

Therapeutic vaccines based on dendritic cells offer a good approach to HIV-specific T-cell responses and partial control of the viral load after antiretroviral therapy interruption. The aim of the present study was to identify mRNA expression profiles and to assess the impact of the gut microbiome composition for predicting the viral load control after antiretroviral therapy interruption. We enrolled 29 patients to receive either placebo or a monocyte-derived dendritic cell vaccine. Patients with a decrease in their viral load of >0.5 log10 copies/mL by 12 weeks after antiretroviral therapy interruption were considered responders. In total, 66 genes were considered differentially expressed between responders and non-responders. Enrichment analysis revealed several upregulated pathways involved in the host defense response to a virus via the type I interferon signaling pathway. Regarding the gut microbiota, responders showed enriched levels of Bacteroidetes (p < 0.005) and Verrucomicrobia (p = 0.017), while non-responders were enriched with Tenericutes (p = 0.049) and Actinobacteria (p < 0.005). We also found important differences at the genus level. However, we did not discover any effect of the dendritic cell vaccine on the transcriptome or the gut microbiota. An alternative analysis did characterize that the microbiota from responders were associated with the metabolic production of short-chain fatty acids, which are key metabolites in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis. The evidence now consistently shows that short-chain fatty acid depletion occurs in HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral treatment.

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