scholarly journals Achievability of radiological equivalence associated with closed nuclear fuel cycle with fast reactors: impact of uncertainty factors in scenarios of Russian nuclear power development through to 2100. Part 1. Fast and thermal reactors

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-76
Author(s):  
V.K. Ivanov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Lopatkin ◽  
A.N. Menyajlo ◽  
E.V. Spirin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Radioactive Wastes ◽  
Fast Reactors ◽  
Power Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiation Risks ◽  
Nuclear Power Development

The Russian Government approved the Energy Strategy of the Russian Federation (Government Decree No.1523-r of June 9, 2020). The Strategy envisages the use of both thermal (TR) and fast (FR) reactors. The Strategy points out that the problems of nuclear power are associated with po-tential high expenses for irradiated fuel and radioactive wastes management. The previously de-signed model of the Russian nuclear energy development suggested that fast reactors only would operate at NPPs after 2010. Radiological equivalence, expressed as the equivalence of lifetime radiation risks to the public from radioactive wastes and from primary uranium ore, was shown to be achieved after 100-year storage. The burnup of 241Am, 237Np и 242Сm in closed nu-clear fuel cycle with fast reactors is a key part in the achievability of radiation risks equivalence. Scenarios of the Russian nuclear energy development through to 2100 with account of uncertain-ty factors in the measurement of contribution of fast and thermal reactors to the electric energy production are considered in the paper. The following three scenarios were developed: uncer-tainty is replaced by FRs; uncertainty is replaced by TRs; 50 per cent of FRs and 50 per cent of TRs replace uncertainty. If the energy is produced by fast reactors only (scenario 1) radiological equivalence was found to be achieved in 412 years. In two other scenarios radiological equiva-lence will be achieved after more than 1000 years. Contribution of main dose-forming radionu-clides and relevant ratios of potential biological hazards is included in models regardless of whether uncertainty in nuclear energy development is taking or not taking into account. Results of the study of conditions for radiological equivalence achievement should be used for amending Strategic plan of Russian nuclear power development through to 2100 that meets requirements of radiation ecology and radiation protection of the public.

Energy Needs and Potential Nuclear Power Development in China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danlu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Social Attitude ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Nuclear Power Development ◽  
Nuclear Security ◽  
Nuclear Development

The harmonious development of economic, energy and environment is an important premise to realize the objective of China’s modernization. Currently, different parts of China have different main energy source, while nuclear power development has many opportunities and challenges. This paper considers the current trends of energy needs in China, and discusses the different influencing factors of energy needs throughout China. In addition, this paper will focus on the potential nuclear power development in China, which mainly focuses on policy, technology, nuclear security and social attitude. Then it will focus on the application in Shenzhen (Daya Bay). Based on previous analysis, technical/engineering feasibility and site feasibility are considered in this part. Finally, a number of recommendations for nuclear development management in China will be given. These recommendations will help the public to have a basic understanding of nuclear power management, and to improve the social attitude of China’s nuclear energy development. In all, this paper puts forward the management methodology of nuclear power industry, which has positive significance for the field of nuclear power education. Meanwhile, the paper will play a positive role on popularize the knowledge of nuclear power to the public.

Fukushima Nuclear Accident Implications for the Nuclear Power Development in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3810-3814
Author(s):  
Zi Ying Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
Fukushima Nuclear Accident ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Nuclear Power Development ◽  
Nuclear Development

The Fukushima nuclear accident is prompting countries around the world to reassess the safety of nuclear power plant and their nuclear development aspirations. The course of Fukushima nuclear accident, the accident status to date are summarized, the global support for nuclear energy after Fukushima are stated, and the nuclear power development in China, China responses to Fukushima accident are analyzed. Nuclear energy plays an important role as means to adjust the energy structure, to avoid environmental pollution, and to address climate change in China, while the development speed of nuclear power should be reasonable and appropriate. Drawing lessons from Fukushima crisis, China insists on the safety-first principle in nuclear power development, hence China should be cautions in NPP sites selection, reviews its nuclear power development speed, lifts the safety standards, and improve the nuclear emergency response capabilities.

Nuclear Power

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-67
Author(s):  
Savannah Fitzwater
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Nuclear Power Development ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Advanced Generation

This chapter provides an overview of nuclear power around the world, the fundamentals of nuclear technology, and nuclear energy’s costs and benefits. Nuclear energy accounts for 10.6 percent of energy produced for electricity globally. Although a relatively small percentage of production, it has often been in the spotlight for its great potential, both good and bad. As of 2018, there were 451 operational commercial nuclear reactors globally and many more under construction. This chapter explores some of the key arguments made for and against nuclear energy and examines future areas of nuclear power development, including small modular reactors, advanced Generation IV reactor designs, and the expansion of non-electric applications, in light of the current state of nuclear power.

Self-consistent model of nuclear power development and fuel cycle

Atomic Energy ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Adamov ◽  
I. Kh. Ganev ◽  
A. V. Lopatkin ◽  
V. V. Orlov ◽  
V. S. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Nuclear Power Development ◽  
Consistent Model ◽  
Self Consistent

INPRO Results and Future Tasks: A Look From Russia

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir G. Asmolov ◽  
Leonid A. Bolshov ◽  
Evgeny P. Velikhov ◽  
Anatoly V. Zrodnikov ◽  
Vyacheslav P. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
Realization Process ◽  
New Generation

Russia is supporting the INPRO Innovative Project, being fulfilled by the IAEA in the field of innovative nuclear energy. The participation of Russia in the INPRO is a part of realization process of Russia’s President Vladimir Putin Initiative, presented at the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000, on creation of new generation nuclear energy, meeting the requirements of sustainable development and excluding using the nuclear weapons technologies and materials. In 2003 the draft INPRO Methodology for assessment of the innovative nuclear energy systems correspondence to the requirements of sustainable development has been developed. At present time the Methodology’s approbation on the examples of national nuclear power technologies is being completed. It is supposed that the Methodology will be used as a navigator for the world nuclear energy development process. The INPRO stresses the timeliness of nuclear energy development problems. The International Organization on nuclear fuel cycle is the key decision of non-proliferation problem. Important are the questions of interaction and particularities of the INPRO and Generation IV programs. State support and international cooperation are conditions for effective development of nuclear energy.

Nuclear power development in market conditions with use of multi-purpose modular fast reactors SVBR-75/100

2006 ◽  
Vol 236 (14-16) ◽  
pp. 1490-1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Zrodnikov ◽  
G.I. Toshinsky ◽  
O.G. Komlev ◽  
Yu.G. Dragunov ◽  
V.S. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Fast Reactors ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Nuclear Power Development

Analysis and prospects of development of Russian nuclear energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
V. A. Tupchienko ◽  
H. G. Imanova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Nuclear Power Development ◽  
Key Aspects

The article deals with the prospects of nuclear power development in Russia. The paper analyzes the key document in this area - «Energy strategy of Russia for the period up to 2030». It was found that today Russia has formed for itself the key aspects of the development of nuclear energy, which is due not only to the need of the population and enterprises in energy, but also the need of the country to ensure its own energy security and economic stability.

Nuclear-energy complexes and the economic and ecological problems of nuclear power development

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1024
Author(s):  
N. A. Dollezhal' ◽  
V. N. Bobolovich ◽  
I. Ya. Emel'yanov ◽  
A. I. Churin ◽  
Yu. I. Koryakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Nuclear Power Development ◽  
Ecological Problems
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