Computers in Physician Licensure and Certification: New Methods of Assessment

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-171
Author(s):  
John Norcini
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Standardized Patients ◽  
Certification Program ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Continuous Testing ◽  
Computerized Tests ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Item Presentation ◽  
Made In

The newer methods of assessment that could become part of a licensure or certification program for physicians in the next decade include standardized patients which assess clinical skills and four computer-based methods that provide an assessment of cognitive ability: simple computerized tests, computer simulations, adapting item presentation, and continuous testing. The prognosis for standardized patients is mixed, with implementation more likely to occur outside of the U.S. Over the next five years, simple computerized tests will be implemented and significant strides will be made in computer simulations and adapting item presentations. These two methods should be implemented toward the end of the decade. The prognosis for the use of continuous testing is poor because so much fundamental work is needed.

IMPLEMENTASI METODE VIKOR DALAM PENERIMAAN JURNALIS PADA KORAN WASPADA MEDAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Rahma Hayati ◽  
Mesran Mesran ◽  
Taronisokhi Zebua ◽  
Heri Nurdiyanto ◽  
Khasanah Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support System ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Support Decision Making ◽  
Made In

The reception of journalists at the Waspada Daily Medan always went through several rigorous selections before being determined to be accepted as journalists at the Waspada Medan Daily. There are several criteria that must be possessed by each participant as a condition for becoming a journalist in the Daily Alert Medan. To get the best participants, the Waspada Medan Daily needed a decision support system. Decision Support Systems (SPK) are part of computer-based information systems (including knowledge-based systems (knowledge management)) that are used to support decision making within an organization or company. Decision support systems provide a semitructured decision, where no one knows exactly how the decision should be made. In this study the authors applied the VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) as the method to be applied in the decision support system application. The VIKOR method is part of the Multi-Attibut Decision Making (MADM) Concept, which requires normalization in its calculations. The expected results in this study can obtain maximum decisions.Keywords: Journalist Acceptance, Decision Support System, VIKOR

Learning physiology from cardiac surgery patients.

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. S74
Author(s):  
S Nicol ◽  
C Narkowicz
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Great Reduction ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Computer Based

A number of pressures have led to a very great reduction or complete abandonment of the use of animals in the teaching of physiology in most medical schools. Often animal experiments have been replaced by computer simulations, but a simulation is only as good as the model or algorithm on which it is based and can never contain the depth of information or unpredictability displayed by real animals or patients. We used a computer-based system to collect cardiovascular data from patients instrumented for cardiac surgery, allowing students to "replay" an operation. These recordings were annotated with notes, diagrams and video clips, and a student workbook was written. The resulting package contained a wealth of physiological data and was perceived by students to be very clinically relevant. The very wealth of information, however, tended to overwhelm students, and so a series of introductory Computer tutorials were written to provide students with the background necessary to cope with the clinical data.

Recent advancements in lignin valorization and biomedical applications: A patent review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Prasad ◽  
Lubna Siddiqui ◽  
Pawan Kumar Mishra ◽  
Adam Ekielski ◽  
Sushama Talegaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lignin Valorization ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Patent Review ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Made In

Background: Synthetic polymers present disadvantages such as high cost, limited availability, safety concerns, environmental hazards and overtime accumulation in body. Lignin, an aromatic biopolymer, is highly abundant and offers various advantages including cost effectiveness, biocompatibility and biodegradability. It also possesses various pharmacological activities including antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and UV protection, thus lignin has become a popular biopolymer in recent years and is no more considered as bio-waste rather an extensive research is been carried out on developing it as drug carrier. Lignin also has non-biomedical applications including dispersing agents, surfactants, detergent/cleaning agents, energy storage, etc. Methods: This review compiles patents granted on production of technical lignin, different lignin therapeutic carriers and its biomedical and non-biomedical applications. The literature is collected from recent years including both articles as well as patents and is carefully analyzed and compiled in an easy to comprehend pattern for guiding future research. Results: The reviewed patents and articles highlighted the advancement made in lignin isolation and valorization. Numerous lignin nanoformulations as drug delivery agents or as standalone entities with various pharmacological actions like antibacterial, antioxidant or UV protectant have been reported. As well as industrial applications of lignin as adhesives, insulators or supercapacitors have also made lignin a biopolymer of choice. Conclusion: Lignin being a bio-inspired polymer has huge potential in commercial applications. New methods of lignin isolation from lignocellulosic biomass including physical pretreatments, solvent fraction, and chemical and biological pretreatment have been widely patented. Several micro/nano lignin formulations with improved and controllable reactivity like nanocontainers, nanocapsules, nanoparticles have also been reported recently. Also various pharmacological properties of lignin have also been explored, thus valorization of lignin is a hot topic of hour.

Managerial Computer Business Games

2011 ◽  
pp. 1513-1520
Author(s):  
Luigi Proserpio ◽  
Massimo Magni ◽  
Bernardino Provera
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Organizational Capabilities ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Project Phases ◽  
Computer Based

Interview with Anthony Davidson, SuperAguri F1 GP Driver (autosport.com, March 2, 2007): Q: Can you actually learn anything from the [F1 videogame] though? AD: Absolutely. When I did the 2004 season, I really relied on having video data from the team and using the PlayStation games as well to learn the circuits. We always deal in corner numbers, we don’t use the proper corner names, so we have a little map in the car with the numbers. For you to visualize it beforehand is a help, because when they talk about a bump in turn three then you know what they are talking about before you have even walked the circuit or seen any onboard footage. You know roughly what the track looks like and when you get out there you smile because it is exactly what you were doing in your living room. And now the graphics have stepped up another level it is so much more realistic. F1 drivers can benefit from computer simulations, with a supplement of training before racing on a newly built circuit, with no consolidated knowledge. Managers (and students, too) can benefit from PC-based simulations that recreate complex business worlds as well. Books contain theories, along with a good number of examples. Computer-based business games can add dynamism and a temporal dimension to the standard managerial theories contained in books. Many researchers think that the potential of the computer as a learning tool is very high if we involve the user in a simulation process, instead of giving him a description of reality. This theory is confirmed by many field examples, as shown before by the Formula 1 pilot, who adopts a particular software in order to learn how to drive on a circuit that he has not tested directly. U.S. Marines play Quake and Unreal to simulate the mission in which they will be involved. Business games, finally, start to be adopted in managerial education as learning support tools. For example, EIS simulation has been developed at Insead Business School in order to simulate organizational change, while FirmReality has been developed at Bocconi University to study the integrated use of organizational capabilities to gain competitive advantage. Scientific and managerial literatures recognize the potential of these instruments for learning purposes (compatible with andragogical and collaborative learning theories), but cannot address their design and the integration within distance-learning practices. The current debate on computer simulations involves the research and the standardization of rules for the project phases, in order to take advantage of the potential attributed to this tool, and enhance the compatibility between managers/students and this form of learning.

scholarly journals End of Paediatric Posting Assessment of Medical Interns at a Teaching hospital from Coastal Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
K.S. Sahana ◽  
Ghulam Jeelani Qadiri ◽  
Prakash R.M. Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Standardized Patients ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Medical Undergraduate ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Method Of Assessment ◽  
Medical Undergraduate Education

Introduction: Internship is very a critical period of a medical undergraduate education during which student evolves into a doctor. The objectives of this study were to assess the interns at the end of their paediatric postings. Materials and Methods. Interns knowledge and skills were assessed at the end of their postings in the must know areas. Assessment was conducted by the trained faculty and interns were given the orientation about it. Method of assessment included OSCE, simulation based using standardized patients and computer-based model driven simulators. Feedback was given to the students immediately at the end of their exam Results: Total 202 interns participated in the exam over the period of two years. New-borns assessment was done more frequently (22.7%) and interpretation of investigations was less frequently assessed (7.9%). Rest of other stations was assessed almost at the equal proportion. Highest score was observed in vaccines section (7.5) and lowest score was seen in procedures assessment (5.5). Conclusion. Interns were found to be weaker in procedural, communication and clinical scenario judgement skills which will help us in planning future training of the Interns.

scholarly journals Blurring of the Human and the Artificial: A Conceptual Clarification

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Hofkirchner
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Conceptual Clarification ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Made In

Due to certain progress made in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and related fields, there is a common agreement that we are facing a blurring of the human and the artificial. This presentation will argue that this agreement is rather one that pertains to anthropomorphic notations when dealing with computers and computer-based devices, as opposed to one that is justified by engineering results. In fact, the language used to describe mechanic functions hides what ontologically occurs, and how the autonomy of humans can be endangered. The clarification intended here uses the philosophical distinction between agents and patients and translates it into the systems theoretical distinction between self-organising systems and non-self-organising entities.

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