Energy Budgets for Eared Grebes on the Great Salt Lake and Implications for Harvest of Brine Shrimp

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1134-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Conover ◽  
Joe N. Caudell
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Energy Budgets

Mixture of parthenogenetic and zygogenetic brine shrimp Artemia (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) in commercial cyst lots from Great Salt Lake, UT, USA

2003 ◽  
Vol 296 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Campos-Ramos ◽  
Alejandro M Maeda-Martı́nez ◽  
Hortencia Obregón-Barboza ◽  
Gopal Murugan ◽  
Danitzia A Guerrero-Tortolero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake

The Brine Shrimp of Great Salt Lake

1937 ◽  
Vol 71 (737) ◽  
pp. 612-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladys M. Relyea
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake

scholarly journals Potential for Waterborne and Invertebrate Transmission of West Nile Virus in the Great Salt Lake, Utah

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Lund ◽  
Valerie Shearn-Bochsler ◽  
Robert J. Dusek ◽  
Jan Shivers ◽  
Erik Hofmeister
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Haliaeetus Leucocephalus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Bald Eagles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mortality Event

ABSTRACT In November and December of 2013, a large mortality event involving 15,000 to 20,000 eared grebes (Podiceps nigricollis) occurred at the Great Salt Lake (GSL), UT. The onset of the outbreak in grebes was followed by a mortality event in >86 bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). During the die-off, West Nile virus (WNV) was detected by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) or viral culture in the carcasses of grebes and eagles submitted to the National Wildlife Health Center. However, no activity of mosquitoes, the primary vectors of WNV, was detected by the State of Utah's WNV monitoring program. The transmission of WNV has rarely been reported during the winter in North America in the absence of known mosquito activity; however, the size of this die-off, the habitat in which it occurred, and the species involved are unique. We experimentally investigated whether WNV could survive in water with a high salt content, as found at the GSL, and whether brine shrimp, the primary food of migrating eared grebes on the GSL, could have played a role in the transmission of WNV to feeding birds. We found that WNV can survive up to 72 h at 4°C in water containing 30 to 150 ppt NaCl, and brine shrimp incubated with WNV in 30 ppt NaCl may adsorb WNV to their cuticle and, through feeding, infect epithelial cells of their gut. Both mechanisms may have potentiated the WNV die-off in migrating eared grebes on the GSL. IMPORTANCE Following a major West Nile virus die-off of eared grebes and bald eagles at the Great Salt Lake (GSL), UT, in November to December 2013, this study assessed the survival of West Nile virus (WNV) in water as saline as that of the GSL and whether brine shrimp, the major food for migrating grebes, could have played a role as a vector for the virus. While mosquitoes are the major vector of WNV, under certain circumstances, transmission may occur through contaminated water and invertebrates as food.

scholarly journals The Brine Shrimp of the Great Salt Lake

1893 ◽  
Vol 35 (893supp) ◽  
pp. 14274-14275
Author(s):  
J. E. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake

A procaryotic intracellular symbiont of the Great Salt Lake brine shrimp Artemia salina (L.)

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1232-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Post ◽  
N. N. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Intracellular Symbiont ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Salt Lake Brine

Individuals of Artemia salina, the brine shrimp, were captured from the Great Salt Lake, a highly saline (330–340 g ℓ−1 solids content) terminal lake in Utah. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of intracellular procaryotic symbionts in the epithelial lining of the midgut. Fine structure and possible role of the symbiont are discussed.

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