A Comparison of Blood Pressure Data Obtained From Wearable, Ambulatory, and Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Devices: Prospective Validation Study (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Blood pressure (BP) is an important marker for cardiovascular health. However, a person’s BP data cannot usually be obtained simultaneously from different sources. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze and compare BP data obtained from 3 different sources, namely, wearable, ambulatory, and home BP monitoring devices. METHODS During recruitment, we recorded participants’ BP using a standardized digital BP monitoring device and simultaneously over 24 hours using wearable and ambulatory devices. In addition, participants’ BP was measured over 7 days using wearable and home BP monitoring devices. Data from the wearable BP monitoring devices were extracted. The 24-hour ambulatory BP data were downloaded from the device to a computer. Home BPs were recorded 3 times per day (in the morning, afternoon, and evening, at regular times convenient to the participants) for 7 days and on a BP sheet. RESULTS A total of 9090 BP measurements were collected from 20 healthy volunteer participants (females: n=10; males: n=10, mean age 20.3 years, SD 5.4 years). The mean (SD) systolic BP and diastolic BP values measured at enrollment were 112.35 (9.79) mm Hg and 73.75 (9.14) mm Hg, respectively. The 24-hour mean (SD) systolic BP and diastolic BP values measured using the wearable device were 125 (5) mm Hg and 77 (9) mm Hg, respectively. The 24-hour mean (SD) systolic BP and diastolic BP values recorded using the ambulatory device were 126 (10) mm Hg and 75 (6) mm Hg, respectively. The 7-day mean (SD) systolic BP and diastolic BP values measured using the wearable device were 125 (4) mm Hg and 77 (3) mm Hg, respectively. The 7-day mean (SD) systolic BP and diastolic BP values measured using the home device were 112 (10) mm Hg and 71 (8) mm Hg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our datasets serve as the basis for further studies where these data can be combined reasonably with data from similar studies to understand the impact of different devices on BP measurement. Moreover, the BP data acquired noninvasively from wearable, ambulatory, and home devices can be integrated with similar data from other studies to determine the utility of wearable BP monitoring devices in different groups of people.